Difference between revisions of "A1 grammar points"

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"A1" is the first level, as defined by the European Common Framework, which is used on this Chinese Grammar Wiki.  For more information on the levels used here, see the [[Grammar Points by Level]] page.
 
"A1" is the first level, as defined by the European Common Framework, which is used on this Chinese Grammar Wiki.  For more information on the levels used here, see the [[Grammar Points by Level]] page.
  
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{{Print POS|A1}}
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== Basics ==
  
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{{Print Structure|A1}}
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{| class="wikitable" style="width:45em; text-align:left"
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|-
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! Grammar Point (English) !! Pattern !! Examples
 +
|-
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|[[ASGETNCO|Basic Sentence Order]] || N + [V + Obj.] || <span class="liju">我 爱 你 。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGUN7RX|Connecting Nouns with "''shi''"]] || A + 是 + B || <span class="liju">我 <em>是</em> 学生 。 </span>
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|-
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|[[ASG17BLH|Simple "Noun + Adjective" Sentences]] || N + 很 + Adj || <span class="liju">我 <em>很</em> 饿 。 </span>
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|-
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|[[ASG8HVFN|Expressing "Excessively"]] || 太 + Adj + 了 || <span class="liju"><em>太</em> 好 <em>了</em> ! </span>
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|}
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 +
== Question Forms ==
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="width:60em; text-align:left"
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|-
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! Grammar Point (English) !! Pattern !! Examples
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|-
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|[[ASGJQPSC|Placement of Question Words]] || 什么 / 什么时候 / 谁 / 哪儿  / 为什么 / 怎么 || <span class="liju">你 是 <em>谁</em> ？你 在 <em>哪儿</em> ？</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGA8NIB|Offering Choices as a Question]] || A + 还是 + B ? || <span class="liju">你 要 茶 <em>还是</em> 咖啡 ?</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGQ2AZA|Yes/No Questions with "''ma''"]] || ...吗? || <span class="liju">你 爱 我 <em>吗</em> ?</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGRZG7F|"Verb-Not-Verb" and "Adjective-Not-Adjective" Questions]] || V + 不 + V / Adj + 不 + Adj || <span class="liju">你 <em>爱 不 爱</em> 我 ?</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGSJYZ2|Tag Questions with "''ma''"]] || ⋯是吗?, ⋯对吗?, ⋯好吗? || <span class="liju">我们 喝 茶 , <em>好 吗</em> ?</span>
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|-
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|[[ASG4D8XB|Tag Questions with "''bu''"]] || ⋯是不是?, 对不对?, ⋯好不好? || <span class="liju">我们 喝 茶 , <em>好 不 好</em> ?</span>
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|}
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== Numbers ==
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{| class="wikitable" style="width:55em; text-align:left"
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|-
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! Grammar Point (English) !! Pattern !! Examples
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|-
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|[[ASGCRH6P|Structure of Numbers]] || Number + [Unit] || <span class="liju">三百 五十九。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGJ46H1|Use of "''er''" and "''liang''" for "Two"]] || 二/两 || <span class="liju"><em>两</em> 个 人。<em>二</em>十<em>二</em>。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGT3KF6|Structure of Dates]] || Number + 年 + Number + 月 + Number + 号/日 || <span class="liju">今天 是<em>2011年 11月 11日</em> 。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGVH4Q5|Structure of Days of the Week]] || 星期/礼拜 + Number || <span class="liju">今天 <em>星期三</em> 。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGN6BBU|Structure of Times]] || Number + 点(钟) || <span class="liju">现在 <em>十一点</em> 。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGI0T9S|All-Purpose Measure Word "''ge''"]] || Number + 个 + N || <span class="liju">一 <em>个</em> 人 。</span>
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|}
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== Verbs ==
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{| class="wikitable" style="width:45em; text-align:left"
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|-
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! Grammar Point (English) !! Pattern !! Examples
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|-
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|[[ASGUGWVZ|Using the Verb "''jiao''"]] || 叫 + [Name] || <span class="liju">你的 名字 <em>叫</em> 什么 ？</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGPS9NY|Using the Verb "''xing''"]] || 姓 + [Surname] || <span class="liju">你 <em>姓</em> 什么 ？</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGFYNCL|Using the Verb "''qu''"]] || 去 + [Place] || <span class="liju">你 <em>去</em> 哪儿 ？</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGIPYFV|Standard Negation]] || 不 + V / 不 + Adj || <span class="liju">我 <em>不</em> 爱 你 。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGXVEAR|Wanting to do Something with "''yao''"]] || 要 + V || <span class="liju">我 <em>要</em> 吃 饭 。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGIVZJU|Negative Commands Using "''bu yao''"]] || 不要 + V || <span class="liju"><em>不要</em> 说话 ！ <em>不要</em> 打 我 ！</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGAUCXK|Negation of Actions in the Past]] || 没 + V / 没有 + V || <span class="liju">我 <em>没</em> 去 。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGPNV3Q|Special Negation: "do not have"]] || 没 + 有 || <span class="liju">我 <em>没有</em> 钱 。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGZH7K3|Special "Verb-Not-Verb" Exception: "to have"]] || 有 + 没 + 有 || <span class="liju">你 <em>有 没有</em> 咖啡 ?</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGWCESP|Verbing Briefly]] || V + 一下 || <span class="liju">你 <em>看 一下</em> 。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGH2MNO|"How" to Do Something]] || 怎么 + V ? || <span class="liju"><em>怎么</em> 去 ?</span>
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|-
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|[[ASG04ZCI|Expressing Existence with "''you''"]] || Place + 有⋯ || <span class="liju">这里 <em>有</em> 咖啡 。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGRHM0E|Expressing a Learned Skill]] || 会 + V || <span class="liju">我 <em>会 说</em> 中文 。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASG6SPYK|Expressing Permission]] || 可以 + V || <span class="liju">你 <em>可以 去</em> 。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGLRWT8|Expressing Existence in a Place]] || 在 + Place || <span class="liju">老师 <em>在 上海</em> 。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGPRGAX|Actions in a Row]] || [Verb Phrase 1] + [Verb Phrase 2] || <span class="liju">我 要 <em>回家 吃饭</em> 。</span>
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|}
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== Particles ==
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{| class="wikitable" style="width:45em; text-align:left"
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|-
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! Grammar Point (English) !! Pattern !! Examples
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|-
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|[[ASGMJHZO|Questions with "''ne''"]] || ⋯呢? || <span class="liju">你 <em>呢</em> ?</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGMPZ6D|Suggestions with "''ba''"]] || ⋯吧 || <span class="liju">我们 走 <em>吧</em> 。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGUHQD2|Expressing Possession]] || N1 + 的 + N2 || <span class="liju">我的 <em>老师</em></span>
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|-
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|[[ASGCI0KG|Expressing Possession: Special Cases]] || N1 + N2 || <span class="liju"><em>我 妈妈</em></span>
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|-
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|[[ASGQGV3P|Expressing Experiences with Verbs]] || V + 过 || <span class="liju">我 <em>去 过</em> 。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASGG25MD|The "Also" Adverb]] || 也 + V / 也 + Adj || <span class="liju">我 <em>也 爱</em> 你 。</span>
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|-
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|[[ASG9YK09|The "All" Adverb]] || 都 + V / 都 + Adj || <span class="liju">我们 <em>都 爱</em> 你 。</span>
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|}
  
 
[[Category:Levels]]
 
[[Category:Levels]]

Revision as of 09:57, 15 June 2012

"A1" is the first level, as defined by the European Common Framework, which is used on this Chinese Grammar Wiki. For more information on the levels used here, see the Grammar Points by Level page.

Basics

Grammar Point (English) Pattern Examples
Basic Sentence Order N + [V + Obj.] 我 爱 你 。
Connecting Nouns with "shi" A + 是 + B 我 是 学生 。
Simple "Noun + Adjective" Sentences N + 很 + Adj 我 很 饿 。
Expressing "Excessively" 太 + Adj + 了 太 好 了 !

Question Forms

Grammar Point (English) Pattern Examples
Placement of Question Words 什么 / 什么时候 / 谁 / 哪儿 / 为什么 / 怎么 你 是 谁 ？你 在 哪儿 ？
Offering Choices as a Question A + 还是 + B ? 你 要 茶 还是 咖啡 ?
Yes/No Questions with "ma" ...吗? 你 爱 我 吗 ?
"Verb-Not-Verb" and "Adjective-Not-Adjective" Questions V + 不 + V / Adj + 不 + Adj 你 爱 不 爱 我 ?
Tag Questions with "ma" ⋯是吗?, ⋯对吗?, ⋯好吗? 我们 喝 茶 , 好 吗 ?
Tag Questions with "bu" ⋯是不是?, 对不对?, ⋯好不好? 我们 喝 茶 , 好 不 好 ?

Numbers

Grammar Point (English) Pattern Examples
Structure of Numbers Number + [Unit] 三百 五十九。
Use of "er" and "liang" for "Two" 二/两 两 个 人。二十二。
Structure of Dates Number + 年 + Number + 月 + Number + 号/日 今天 是2011年 11月 11日 。
Structure of Days of the Week 星期/礼拜 + Number 今天 星期三 。
Structure of Times Number + 点(钟) 现在 十一点 。
All-Purpose Measure Word "ge" Number + 个 + N 一 个 人 。

Verbs

Grammar Point (English) Pattern Examples
Using the Verb "jiao" 叫 + [Name] 你的 名字 叫 什么 ？
Using the Verb "xing" 姓 + [Surname] 你 姓 什么 ？
Using the Verb "qu" 去 + [Place] 你 去 哪儿 ？
Standard Negation 不 + V / 不 + Adj 我 不 爱 你 。
Wanting to do Something with "yao" 要 + V 我 要 吃 饭 。
Negative Commands Using "bu yao" 不要 + V 不要 说话 ！ 不要 打 我 ！
Negation of Actions in the Past 没 + V / 没有 + V 我 没 去 。
Special Negation: "do not have" 没 + 有 我 没有 钱 。
Special "Verb-Not-Verb" Exception: "to have" 有 + 没 + 有 你 有 没有 咖啡 ?
Verbing Briefly V + 一下 你 看 一下 。
"How" to Do Something 怎么 + V ? 怎么 去 ?
Expressing Existence with "you" Place + 有⋯ 这里 有 咖啡 。
Expressing a Learned Skill 会 + V 我 会 说 中文 。
Expressing Permission 可以 + V 你 可以 去 。
Expressing Existence in a Place 在 + Place 老师 在 上海 。
Actions in a Row [Verb Phrase 1] + [Verb Phrase 2] 我 要 回家 吃饭 。

Particles

Grammar Point (English) Pattern Examples
Questions with "ne" ⋯呢? 你 呢 ?
Suggestions with "ba" ⋯吧 我们 走 吧 。
Expressing Possession N1 + 的 + N2 我的 老师
Expressing Possession: Special Cases N1 + N2 我 妈妈
Expressing Experiences with Verbs V + 过 我 去 过 。
The "Also" Adverb 也 + V / 也 + Adj 我 也 爱 你 。
The "All" Adverb 都 + V / 都 + Adj 我们 都 爱 你 。
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