Difference between revisions of "Comparing "tongguo" and “jingguo""
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=== Structure 2 === | === Structure 2 === | ||
| − | The second way that 通过 is used as a verb is that it means that something goes through effort in order to reach acknowledgement or agreement. This is similar to how we say a bill "pass through" the legislature, or how you can "meet someone | + | The second way that 通过 is used as a verb is that it means that something goes through effort in order to reach acknowledgement or agreement. This is similar to how we say a bill "pass through" the legislature, or how you can "meet someone through a friend". |
Revision as of 06:23, 5 June 2013
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One of the trickier points of Chinese grammar is how to use 通过 and 经过 correctly. Though they have very similar meanings, they have somewhat different uses
Contents
通过 as a Verb
Structure 1
The first way that 通过 is used as a verb is that it means going through a certain object, as in penetrating into and coming out of something. In this case, it is similar to the word 穿过.
Subject + 通过 + Object
Examples
- 从 我 家 走 到 这里 需要 通过 两 座 桥。To get here from my house, I have to cross two bridges.
- 你 往 前 走，通过 一 扇 红 色 的 门，然后 左 拐 就 看到 了。Go straight ahead, go through a red door, turn left, and you'll see it.
Structure 2
The second way that 通过 is used as a verb is that it means that something goes through effort in order to reach acknowledgement or agreement. This is similar to how we say a bill "pass through" the legislature, or how you can "meet someone through a friend".
Subject + 通过 + Object
Examples
- 纽约 大学 通过 了 我 的 申请。
- 我 通过 了 这 次 考试。
- 这 个 项目 通过了 董事会。
通过 as a Preposition
As a preposition, 通过 expresses using a certain method to achieve a desired outcome. It emphasizes the manner or method of doing something, and it can be placed before and after the subject.
Structure
通过 + method，Subject + Predicate
Subject + 通过 + method + Predicate
Examples
- 通过 研究，我们 发现 大豆 对 身体 很 有 好处。
- 公司 通过 裁员 的 方法 解决 金融 危机 带来 的 问题。
- 我们 通过 他 的 朋友 才 找 到 了 他。
经过 as Verb
Structure 1
The first way that 经过 is used as a verb is that it means "to pass by" or "to pass through". It is like saying "I went through downtown" or "I passed by the cemetery".
Subject + 经过 + place
Examples
- 每天 我 都 经过 这 个 小 商店。
- 去 机场 的 时候 我们 会 经过 人民广场 吗？
Structure 2
The second way that 经过 is used as a verb is that it means "to experience something" or "going through a time". It emphasizes the process of that experience. When expressing "to experience something", it often has a negative connotation, like 教训, 考验, 锻炼, 战争, 比赛. If it is talking about "going through a time", it is usually talking about the past.
经过 + event/time，Subject + Predicate
Examples
- 经过 一 个 月 的 培训，我们 的 新 员工 已经 准备 好 了。
- 经过 详细 的 解释 我 才 明白 了 这 个 问题。
经过 as Noun
As a noun, 经过 refers to the process of something.
Structure
Adjective + 经过
Examples
- 请 你 跟 我们 说 一下 当时 的 经过。
- 事情 的 真实 经过 谁 都 不 知道。
Example of right and wrong usage
- 经过 他 的 女 朋友，我们 找到 了 他。
- 通过 他 的 女 朋友，我们 找到 了 他。
- 经过 上海，中国 看到 了 世界。
- 通过 上海，中国 看到 了 世界。
Example Dialog
- A: 我 第 一 次 坐 飞机 没 通过 安检。
- B: 为什么？说说 经过。
- A: 我 带 了 一 大 瓶 牛奶。
- B: 牛奶 不 能 带。后来 呢？
- A: 后来 通过 我 的 努力 把 牛奶 喝完 了。
- B:那 为什么 还 没 通过 安检？
- A: 我 经过 一 个 安检 人员 的 时候 说 了 句 脏话。
- B:你 这 是 找 麻烦。
Sources and further reading
Books
- 对外汉语教学语法释疑201例 (p.214) →buy
- 现代汉语八百词（增订本） (p. 1) →buy
- 汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级(p.230)→ buy
