Difference between revisions of "Potential complements"
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Verbs can take [[potential complement]]s that indicate whether or not the action is actually possible. They are useful in Chinese to say if an action can take place. | Verbs can take [[potential complement]]s that indicate whether or not the action is actually possible. They are useful in Chinese to say if an action can take place. | ||
| − | == | + | 结果补语和趋向补语和中心语之间一般都可以加结构助词"得(de)"构成可能补语。否定式是把"得(de)"换成"不(bu)"。 |
| + | |||
| + | == Positive Pattern == | ||
[[Potential complement]]s can be positive or negative. What this means is fairly intuitive - potential complements can be used to express that something ''can'' happen or that it ''can't''. | [[Potential complement]]s can be positive or negative. What this means is fairly intuitive - potential complements can be used to express that something ''can'' happen or that it ''can't''. | ||
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<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| − | Verb + 得 | + | Verb + 得 + [Complement] |
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | Here the [[complement]] is the second part of the potential complement after 得 (positive | + | Here the [[complement]] is the second part of the potential complement after 得 (positive). |
| − | == Examples == | + | === Examples === |
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
| − | + | == Positive Pattern == | |
| + | |||
| + | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Verb + 不 + [Complement] | ||
| + | |||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Here the [[complement]] is the second part of the potential complement after 不 (negative). | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 03:22, 5 April 2017
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Verbs can take potential complements that indicate whether or not the action is actually possible. They are useful in Chinese to say if an action can take place.
结果补语和趋向补语和中心语之间一般都可以加结构助词"得(de)"构成可能补语。否定式是把"得(de)"换成"不(bu)"。
Contents
Positive Pattern
Potential complements can be positive or negative. What this means is fairly intuitive - potential complements can be used to express that something can happen or that it can't.
Verb + 得 + [Complement]
Here the complement is the second part of the potential complement after 得 (positive).
Examples
- 我 做 得 完。I can finish it all.
- 我 做 不 完。I can't do it all.
- 我 听 得 懂。I can understand.
- 我 听 不 懂。I can't understand.
- 我 买 不 起 那 套 房子 。I can't afford (to buy) that apartment.
- 我 买 得 起 那 套 房子 。I can afford (to buy) that apartment.
- 我 吃 得 下。I can eat more.
- 我 吃 不 下 了。I can't eat any more.
Positive Pattern
Verb + 不 + [Complement]
Here the complement is the second part of the potential complement after 不 (negative).
See also
Sources and and further reading
Books
- Basic Patterns of Chinese Grammar (pp. 71) →buy
- Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide (pp. 191) →buy
- Boya Chinese Elementary Starter 1 (博雅汉语初经起步篇) (pp. 197) →buy
- Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (pp. 291) →buy
- Practicing HSK Grammar (语法精讲精炼) (pp. 125) →buy
- Contemporary Chinese 2 (当代中文2) (pp. 63) →buy
- New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3) (pp. 99) →buy
Websites
Yale
