Ordinal numbers with "di"
- Also known as: 序数 (xùshù), ordinals and sequence numbers.
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Level
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Similar to
- Age with "sui" (A1)
- Measure word "ge" (A1)
- Measure words for counting (A2)
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Used for
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Keywords
We use ordinal numbers to express things like "number one" or "second," so mastering them in Chinese is important. Fortunately, they are also very easy to learn by just adding the prefix 第 (dì).
Contents
Basic Usage
In English, there are four different suffixes for ordinal numbers: -st, -nd, -rd and -th. Chinese makes things a lot simpler by using one prefix for all ordinal numbers: 第 (dì). This character is simply placed in front of the number:
Structure
第 + Number
Examples
- 第 一the first
- 第 二 the second
- 第 三the third
- 第 四 the fourth
- 第 五the fifth
- 第 六 the sixth
- 第 七 the seventh
- 第 八 the eighth
- 第 九 the ninth
- 第 十 the tenth
- 第 十 the tenth
- 我 是 第 四 。 I'm the fourth.
- 这 次 考试 , 我 是 我们 班 第 一 。 This time testing, I was the first in our class. (Meaning: I was the best in class)
- 我们 班 第 一 , 他们 班 第 二 。 Our class is the first, their class is the second. (Meaning: We are the best, they are the second best)
Full Pattern
You can also add in a [measure word] (MW) and a [noun] to make the structure a bit fuller.
Structure
第 + Number (+ MW + Noun)
Examples
- 我 是 第 四 个 人 。 I'm the fourth person.
- 这 是 我 的 第 二 个 女儿 。 This is my second daughter.
- 小李 是 他 的 第 三 个 女朋友 。 Little Li is his third girlfriend.
- 这 是 我 今天 喝 的 第 八 瓶 啤酒 。 This is the eighth bottle of beer I drank today.
- 第 一 个 月 , 我们 去 中国 , 第 二 个 月 , 我们 要 去 泰国 。 The first month, we go to China, the second month, we go to Thailand.
- 我 的 第 一 个中文 老师 是 美国 人 。 My first Chinese teacher was American.
- 我 的 第 一 个手机 是 NOKIA 。 My first cellphone was NOKIA.
- 我 的 第 一 个工作 是 服务 员 。 My first job was a waiter.
- 你 是 我 的 第 一 个 朋友 。 You are my first (best) friend.
- 我们 今天 学 第 三 课 。 Today we study the third lesson.
- 这 是 我 第 一 次 说 中文 。 This is my first time speaking Chinese.
Note that there are some words that don't use measure words because they themselves are already measure words. For example: 天 (tiān), 年 (nián), 周 (zhōu), 次 (cì) etc.
- 第 一 天 , 我们 在 宾馆 里 。 On the first day, we will be in the hotel.
- 第 二 天 , 我们 去 了 长城 。 On the second day, we went to the Great Wall.
- 这 是 我 第 一 次 去 北京 。 This is my first time going to Beijing.
Exceptions
Note that some nouns can form ordinals without 第 (dì). With these, the number can be used directly. For example, 七楼 (qī lóu) is "the seventh floor," or 二姐 (Èr jiě) "the second oldest sister." A more complete list of these nouns can be found below.
Chinese | English | Example |
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楼 Lóu | Floor of a building | 七楼 (qī lóu) Seventh floor |
层 Céng | Floor of a building | 一层 (Yī céng) First floor |
哥 Gē | Older brother | 二哥 (Èr gē) Second oldest brother |
姐 Jiě | Older sister | 二姐 (Èr jiě) Second oldest sister |
弟 Dì | Younger brother | 二弟 (Èr dì) Second (younger) brother |
妹 Mèi | Younger sister | 二妹 (Èr mèi) Second (younger) sister |