Expressing wasted efforts with "bai"
-
Level
-
Similar to
-
Used for
-
Keywords
白 (bái) doesn't only mean "white." When added before a verb it means to do that verb "in vain" or "with no effect."
Contents
Structure with just 白
All you have to do is put 白 before the verb. One important thing to note is that 白 is usually used with mono-syllabic words, like 做, 学, 跑, etc. You should put a 地 after 白.
白 + Verb + 了
Examples
- 白 花 了 一 百 块 钱,这 件 衣服 不 能 穿。I just wasted a hundred kuai. I can't even wear these clothes.
- 他 不 回来 吃饭 了?!我 这些 菜 白 做了。He's not coming back to eat?! I made all this food for nothing.
- 你 一 句 汉语 都 不 会 说,白 学 了 这么 长 时间。You can't speak even one sentence in Chinese! All that time studying was a waste.
- 我 去 的 时候 他 不 在 家, 所以 我 白 跑 了 一 趟。He wasn't home when I got there, so I wasted all of that time going over there.
- 不好意思, 让 你 白 忙 了 一 个 早上,我们 老板 今天 来 不了 了。Sorry to make you work this whole morning for nothing. Our boss just said that he couldn't come today.
Structure with 白白
白 can also be replaced with 白白 with basically the same meaning, although 白白 has a stronger emphasis on the "wasted effort." 白白 is also usually paired with a disyllabic verb, like 帮助, 准备, 学习 etc. Unlike 白, 白白 can be used with a 地.
Examples
- 明天 不 考 中文, 小王 白白 准备 了 一 天。There's no Chinese test tomorrow. Little Wang spent the whole day studying in vain.
- 他 还是 没有 听 我 的 建议, 我 白白 给 他 说 了 这么 长 时间。He still doesn't listen to my advice. I spent such a long time talking to him, all for nothing.
- 他 没有 来,我 在 飞机场 白白 等 了 他 四 个 小时。He didn't come. I wasted four hours at the airport waiting for him.
- 父母 白白 养 了 你 这么 多 年,你 一点 也不 关心 你 的 父母。Your parents raised you for so many years, just for you not to care about them at all.
- 她 白白 学 了 十 年 的 英语 。 她 看得懂 英文,但是 连 简单 的 对话 都 不 会 说!She spent ten years fruitlessly studying English. She can read English, but she can't even hold a simple conversation!
白 as "For Free"
There are a group of mono-syllabic verbs that combine with 白 in the same structure, but for these verbs, 白 means "for free." Think of these as set phrases. All relate to the senses or some form of "consumption." This list is not exhaustive:
- 白吃to eat for free
- 白喝to drink for free
- 白住to stay (overnight) for free