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| − | {{Grammar Box}}
| + | #REDIRECT[[Expressing "already" with "dou"]] |
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| − | 都⋯⋯ 了 (dōu... le) is used to express that something has already happened, similar to "[["Already" with "yijing"|已经⋯⋯ 了]]." However it is used more emphatically, implying that the speaker holds some sort of attitude in relation to the event, and is not merely objectively stating the facts, as with "已经⋯⋯ 了." The two options can actually also be combined in the pattern "都已经⋯⋯ 了." Here the meaning is the same as "都⋯⋯ 了."
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| − | ==Structure==
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| − | <div class="jiegou">
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| − | 都 + Verb / Adj. / Quantity + 了
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| − | </div>
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| − | == Examples ==
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| − | <div class="liju">
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| − | *你 <em>都</em> 快 三十 <em>了</em>，还 不 结婚？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>dōu</em> kuài sānshí <em>le</em>, hái bù jiéhūn?</span><span class="trans">You're almost 30, and you still aren't married?</span>
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| − | *现在 <em>都</em> 二 十 一 世纪 <em>了</em>，你 怎么 还 这么 想？<span class="pinyin">Xiànzài <em>dōu</em> èr shí yī shìjì <em>le</em>, nǐ zěnme hái zhème xiǎng?</span><span class="trans">It's already the 21st century, can you believe that?</span>
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| − | *<em>都</em> 九点 <em>了</em>，快 起床 吧！<span class="pinyin"><em>Dōu</em> jiǔ diǎn <em>le</em>, kuài qǐchuáng ba!</span><span class="trans">It's already nine o'clock. Get out of bed!</span>
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| − | *他 <em>都</em> 到 <em>了</em>，你 不 能 不 见 他。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>dōu</em> dào <em>le</em>, nǐ bùnéng bùjiàn tā.</span><span class="trans">He's already arrived. You've got to see him.</span>
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| − | *饭 <em>都</em> 凉 <em>了</em>，他 怎么 还 不 回来？<span class="pinyin">Fàn <em>dōu</em> liáng <em>le</em>, tā zěnme hái bù huílái?</span><span class="trans">The food is cold already. Why hasn't he come back yet?</span>
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| − | *牛奶 <em>都</em> 坏<em>了</em>，你怎么还不把它扔掉 ？<span class="pinyin">Niúnǎi <em>dōu</em> huài <em>le</em>, nǐ zěnme hái bù bǎ tā rēng diào?</span><span class="trans">The milk's gone bad, why haven't you thrown it away?</span>
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| − | *他<em>都</em> 道歉 <em>了</em>，你 还 不能 原谅 他 吗？<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>dōu</em> dàoqiàn <em>le</em>, nǐ hái bùnéng yuánliàng tā ma?</span><span class="trans">He's made an apology. Are you not going to forgive him?</span>
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| − | </div>
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| − | ==See also==
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| − | == Sources and further reading ==
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| − | === Books ===
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| − | * [[Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级)]] (pp. 97-99) [http://www.amazon.cn/gp/product/B004WA6JSQ/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B004WA6JSQ →buy]
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| − | *[[现代汉语八百词（增订本）]] (p. 178) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B001198GSW/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]
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| − | === Dictionaries ===
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| − | * [[现代汉语词典（第5版）]] (p. 329 ) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8/dp/B001B1RZCI/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693609&sr=8-1 →buy]
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| − | [[Category:B1 grammar points]]
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| − | {{Basic Grammar|都|B1|都⋯⋯ 了|你 <em>都</em> 快 三十 <em>了</em>，还 不 结婚？|grammar point|ASGT1CIR}}
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| − | {{Rel char|了}}
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| − | {{Similar|"Already" with "yijing"}}
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| − | {{Structure|Sentence Patterns}}
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| − | {{Used for|Expressing attitude}}
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| − | {{Used for|Emphasizing}}
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| − | {{Translation|already}}
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