Difference between revisions of "Expressing "already" with "yijing""

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== Basic Pattern ==
 
== Basic Pattern ==
  
=== Structure ===
+
=== 已经 with Verb Phrase ===
 +
 
 +
==== Structure ====
  
 
The most common structure is to use 已经……了 with a verb phrase.
 
The most common structure is to use 已经……了 with a verb phrase.
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</div>
 
</div>
 +
 +
==== Examples ====
 +
 +
<div class="liju">
 +
 +
* 我 <em>已经</em> 吃 饭 <em>了</em>。
 +
* 我 <em>已经</em> 去 过 那里 <em>了</em>。
 +
* 宝宝 <em>已经</em> 会 说话 <em>了</em>。
 +
* 我们 <em>已经</em> 做 完 <em>了</em>。
 +
* 他 <em>已经</em> 回来 <em>了</em>。
 +
* 我 <em>已经</em> 上 飞机 <em>了</em>。
 +
* 他 <em>已经</em> 走 <em>了</em> 。 <span class="expl">(with a verb)</span><span class="trans">He has already left.</span>
 +
* 我 <em>已经</em> 有 男朋友 <em>了</em> 。 <span class="expl">(with a verb phrase)</span><span class="trans">I already have a boyfriend.</span>
 +
* 我 <em>已经</em> 知道 这 件 事 <em>了</em> 。 <span class="expl">(with a verb phrase)</span><span class="trans">I already know about this matter.</span>
 +
* 我 <em>已经</em> 离开 那 家 公司 <em>了</em>。 <span class="expl">(with a verb phrase)</span><span class="trans">I've already left that company.</span>
 +
 +
</div>
 +
 +
=== 已经 with Adjective ===
 +
 +
==== Structure ====
  
 
Sometimes [[adjective]]s or even [[time noun]]s are used instead of a typical verb phrase:
 
Sometimes [[adjective]]s or even [[time noun]]s are used instead of a typical verb phrase:
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</div>
 
</div>
 +
 +
==== Examples ====
 +
 +
<div class="liju">
 +
 +
* 你 <em>已经</em> 很 漂亮 <em>了</em>。
 +
* 我 <em>已经</em> 很 烦 <em>了</em>。
 +
* 爸爸 妈妈 <em>已经</em> 老 <em>了</em>。
 +
* 我们 <em>已经</em> 很 忙 <em>了</em>。
 +
* <em>已经</em> 很 便宜 <em>了</em>。
 +
* 天 <em>已经</em> 黑 <em>了</em> 。 <span class="expl">(with an adjective)</span><span class="trans">It's already dark.</span>
 +
* 你 的 感冒 <em>已经</em> 好 <em>了</em> 吗 ?  <span class="expl">(with an adjective)</span><span class="trans">Is your cold better already?</span>
 +
* 你 <em>已经</em> 很 瘦 <em>了</em>,你 不 能 再 不 吃饭 了 。 <span class="expl">(with an adjective)</span><span class="trans">You're already really thin. You can't not eat again.</span>
 +
* 我 <em>已经</em> 饿 <em>了</em> 。<span class="expl">(with an adjective)</span><span class="trans">I'm hungry already.</span>
 +
* <em>已经</em> 很 晚 <em>了</em> , 我们 走 吧 。<span class="expl">(with an adjective)</span><span class="trans">It's already really late. Let's go.</span>
 +
 +
</div>
 +
 +
=== 已经 with Time noun ===
 +
 +
==== Structure ====
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
  
已经 + [Time Noun] + 了
+
已经 + [Time noun] + 了
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
=== Examples ===
+
==== Examples ====
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
*<em>已经</em> 饿 <em>了</em> 。<span class="expl">(with an adjective)</span><span class="trans">I'm hungry already.</span>
+
* <em>已经</em> 11点 了,女儿 还 没 回来。
*<em>已经</em> 走 <em>了</em> 。 <span class="expl">(with a verb)</span><span class="trans">He has already left.</span>
+
* <em>已经</em> 十 五 岁 了。
*<em>已经</em> 很 晚 <em>了</em> , 我们 走 吧 。<span class="expl">(with an adjective)</span><span class="trans">It's already really late. Let's go.</span>
+
* 今天 <em>已经</em> 星期 五 了。
*<em>已经</em> 黑 <em>了</em> 。 <span class="expl">(with an adjective)</span><span class="trans">It's already dark.</span>
+
* <em>已经</em> 半 个 小时 了。
*我 <em>已经</em> 有 男朋友 <em>了</em> 。 <span class="expl">(with a verb phrase)</span><span class="trans">I already have a boyfriend.</span>
+
* 我 学习 中文 <em>已经</em> 一 年 了。
*你 的 感冒 <em>已经</em> 好 <em>了</em> 吗 ?  <span class="expl">(with an adjective)</span><span class="trans">Is your cold better already?</span>
+
* 他 去 北京 <em>已经</em> 两 天 了。
*<em>已经</em> 知道 这 件 事 <em>了</em> 。 <span class="expl">(with a verb phrase)</span><span class="trans">I already know about this matter.</span>
+
* <em>已经</em> 十 分钟 了。
*<em>已经</em> 很 瘦 <em>了</em>,你 不 能 再 不 吃饭 了 。 <span class="expl">(with an adjective)</span><span class="trans">You're already really thin. You can't not eat again.</span>
+
* <em>已经</em> 很 长 时间 了。
 
*我 的 女儿 <em>已经</em> 两 岁 <em>了</em> 。 <span class="expl">(with an age)</span><span class="trans">My daughter is already two.</span>
 
*我 的 女儿 <em>已经</em> 两 岁 <em>了</em> 。 <span class="expl">(with an age)</span><span class="trans">My daughter is already two.</span>
*<em>已经</em> 离开 那 家 公司 <em>了</em>。 <span class="expl">(with a verb phrase)</span><span class="trans">I've already left that company.</span>
+
*<em>已经</em> 一 个 月 <em>了</em>。 <span class="expl">(with a time)</span><span class="trans"></span>
*<em>已经</em> 10 点 <em>了</em>,他 为什么 还 没 来 上班? <span class="expl">(with a time)</span><span class="trans">It's already 10 o'clock. Why hasn't he arrived for work yet?</span>
 
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
*我 <em>已经</em> 不 记得 的 名字 <em>了</em>。<span class="trans">I don't remember his name anymore.</span>
+
*我 <em>已经</em> 不 认识 他 <em>了</em>。<span class="trans">I don't know him anymore.</span>
 
*我 <em>已经</em> 不 爱 他 <em>了</em>。<span class="trans">I don't love him anymore.</span>
 
*我 <em>已经</em> 不 爱 他 <em>了</em>。<span class="trans">I don't love him anymore.</span>
 
*他 <em>已经</em> 不 开心 <em>了</em>,别 告诉 他 那 件 事 了。 <span class="trans">He is not happy anymore, don't tell him about that thing.</span>
 
*他 <em>已经</em> 不 开心 <em>了</em>,别 告诉 他 那 件 事 了。 <span class="trans">He is not happy anymore, don't tell him about that thing.</span>
*你 <em>已经</em> 不 年轻 <em>了</em>,你 怎么 还 不 结婚? <span class="trans">You're not young anymore, how come you still haven't gotten married?</span>
+
*你 <em>已经</em> 不 年轻 <em>了</em><span class="trans">You're not young anymore.</span>
 
*我 <em>已经</em> 不 需要 父母 的 钱 <em>了</em>。 <span class="trans">I don't need my parents' money anymore.</span>
 
*我 <em>已经</em> 不 需要 父母 的 钱 <em>了</em>。 <span class="trans">I don't need my parents' money anymore.</span>
 
*在 我 心 里,他 <em>已经</em> 不 重要 <em>了</em>。 <span class="trans">In my heart, he's no longer important.</span>
 
*在 我 心 里,他 <em>已经</em> 不 重要 <em>了</em>。 <span class="trans">In my heart, he's no longer important.</span>
 
*你 <em>已经</em> 不 在 Google 工作 <em>了</em> 吗? <span class="trans">You don't work at Google anymore?</span>
 
*你 <em>已经</em> 不 在 Google 工作 <em>了</em> 吗? <span class="trans">You don't work at Google anymore?</span>
 
*他 <em>已经</em> 不 打算 去 加拿大 旅行 <em>了</em>。 <span class="trans">He's no longer planning to travel to Canada.</span>
 
*他 <em>已经</em> 不 打算 去 加拿大 旅行 <em>了</em>。 <span class="trans">He's no longer planning to travel to Canada.</span>
*以前,我 想 去 美国 上 大学,可是 现在 我 <em>已经</em> 不 想 去 <em>了</em>。<span class="trans">Before, I wanted to go to the U.S. for college, but now I don't want to go anymore.</span>
+
*现在 我 <em>已经</em> 不 想 去 <em>了</em>。<span class="trans">Now I don't want to go anymore.</span>
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
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[[Category:A2 grammar points]]
 
[[Category:A2 grammar points]]
 
{{Similar|"Already" with "dou…le"}}
 
{{Similar|"Already" with "dou…le"}}
{{Basic Grammar|已经|A2|已经……了|我 <em>已经</em> 了 。|grammar point|ASGNXI27}}
+
{{Basic Grammar|已经|A2|已经……了|我 <em>已经</em> 吃 饭 <em></em>。|grammar point|ASGNXI27}}
 
{{Rel char|了}}
 
{{Rel char|了}}
 
{{POS|Adverbs}}
 
{{POS|Adverbs}}
 
{{Used for|Emphasizing}}
 
{{Used for|Emphasizing}}
 
{{Translation|already}}
 
{{Translation|already}}

Revision as of 09:46, 17 February 2014

已经……了 (yǐjing... le) is the basic pattern used to express "already" in Chinese. Strictly speaking, the 了 here is not absolutely mandatory, but it's usually there in spoken Chinese, so it's best to think of the 了 as a part of the pattern.

Basic Pattern

已经 with Verb Phrase

Structure

The most common structure is to use 已经……了 with a verb phrase.

已经 + [Verb Phrase] + 了

Examples

  • 已经 吃 饭
  • 已经 去 过 那里
  • 宝宝 已经 会 说话
  • 我们 已经 做 完
  • 已经 回来
  • 已经 上 飞机
  • 已经(with a verb)He has already left.
  • 已经 有 男朋友 (with a verb phrase)I already have a boyfriend.
  • 已经 知道 这 件 事 (with a verb phrase)I already know about this matter.
  • 已经 离开 那 家 公司 (with a verb phrase)I've already left that company.

已经 with Adjective

Structure

Sometimes adjectives or even time nouns are used instead of a typical verb phrase:

已经 + Adj + 了

Examples

  • 已经 很 漂亮
  • 已经 很 烦
  • 爸爸 妈妈 已经
  • 我们 已经 很 忙
  • 已经 很 便宜
  • 已经(with an adjective)It's already dark.
  • 你 的 感冒 已经 吗 ? (with an adjective)Is your cold better already?
  • 已经 很 瘦 ,你 不 能 再 不 吃饭 了 。 (with an adjective)You're already really thin. You can't not eat again.
  • 已经 饿 (with an adjective)I'm hungry already.
  • 已经 很 晚 , 我们 走 吧 。(with an adjective)It's already really late. Let's go.

已经 with Time noun

Structure

已经 + [Time noun] + 了

Examples

  • 已经 11点 了,女儿 还 没 回来。
  • 已经 十 五 岁 了。
  • 今天 已经 星期 五 了。
  • 已经 半 个 小时 了。
  • 我 学习 中文 已经 一 年 了。
  • 他 去 北京 已经 两 天 了。
  • 已经 十 分钟 了。
  • 已经 很 长 时间 了。
  • 我 的 女儿 已经 两 岁 (with an age)My daughter is already two.
  • 已经 一 个 月 (with a time)

Negative Form

Structure

The negative structure simply adds a 不 after 已经, and before the verb (or possibly adjective).

已经 + 不 + [Verb Phrase] + 了

Examples

Generally this negative 已经 structure is translated into English as "not... anymore" rather than using the word "already."

  • 已经 不 认识 他 I don't know him anymore.
  • 已经 不 爱 他 I don't love him anymore.
  • 已经 不 开心 ,别 告诉 他 那 件 事 了。 He is not happy anymore, don't tell him about that thing.
  • 已经 不 年轻 You're not young anymore.
  • 已经 不 需要 父母 的 钱 I don't need my parents' money anymore.
  • 在 我 心 里,他 已经 不 重要 In my heart, he's no longer important.
  • 已经 不 在 Google 工作 吗? You don't work at Google anymore?
  • 已经 不 打算 去 加拿大 旅行 He's no longer planning to travel to Canada.
  • 现在 我 已经 不 想 去 Now I don't want to go anymore.

Sources and further reading

Books

Dictionaries