Difference between revisions of "Expressing "even" with "lian" and "dou""
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连⋯⋯都⋯⋯ (lián... dōu...) is a pattern that can be used to emphasize certain unexpected or surprising events or information. It is used the same way ''even'' is in English.
 
连⋯⋯都⋯⋯ (lián... dōu...) is a pattern that can be used to emphasize certain unexpected or surprising events or information. It is used the same way ''even'' is in English.
  
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== Basic Usage ==
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== Used before the Subject ==
  
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=== Used before Subject ===
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=== Structure ===
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==== Structure ====
 
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
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</div>
 
</div>
  
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==== Examples ====
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=== Examples ===
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
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</div>
 
</div>
  
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=== Used before Object ===
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== Used before the Object ==
  
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==== Structure ====
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=== Structure ===
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
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</div>
 
</div>
  
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==== Examples ====
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=== Examples ===
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
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*他 什么 都 吃，<em>连</em> 狗肉 <strong>都</strong> 吃 。<span class="pinyin">Tā shénme dōu chī, <em>lián</em> gǒu ròu <strong>dōu</strong> chī.</span><span class="trans">He eats everything, even dog meat.</span>
 
*他 什么 都 吃，<em>连</em> 狗肉 <strong>都</strong> 吃 。<span class="pinyin">Tā shénme dōu chī, <em>lián</em> gǒu ròu <strong>dōu</strong> chī.</span><span class="trans">He eats everything, even dog meat.</span>
 
*你 <em>连</em> 你 最好 的 的 朋友 <strong>都</strong> 不 相信 ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>lián</em> nǐ zuìhǎo de péngyou <strong>dōu</strong> bù xiāngxìn?</span><span class="trans">You don't even believe in your best friend?</span>
 
*你 <em>连</em> 你 最好 的 的 朋友 <strong>都</strong> 不 相信 ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>lián</em> nǐ zuìhǎo de péngyou <strong>dōu</strong> bù xiāngxìn?</span><span class="trans">You don't even believe in your best friend?</span>
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*他 现在 很 穷 ，<em>连</em> 麦当劳 <strong>都</strong> 吃 不起 。<span class="pinyin">Tā xiànzài hěn qióng, <em>lián</em> Màidāngláo <strong>dōu</strong> chī bu qǐ.</span><span class="trans">He's very poor now. He couldn't even afford a meal at McDonald.</span>
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
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*你 <em>连</em> 她 叫 什么 <strong>都</strong> 没 问 ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>lián</em> tā jiào shénme <strong>dōu</strong> méi wèn? </span><span class="trans">You didn't even ask what her name is? </span>
 
*你 <em>连</em> 她 叫 什么 <strong>都</strong> 没 问 ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>lián</em> tā jiào shénme <strong>dōu</strong> méi wèn? </span><span class="trans">You didn't even ask what her name is? </span>
 
*他 <em>连</em> 他 女朋友 喜欢 吃 什么 <strong>都</strong> 不 知道。 <span class="pinyin">Tā <em>lián</em> tā nǚpéngyou xǐhuan chī shénme <strong>dōu</strong> bù zhīdào.</span><span class="trans">He doesn't even know what his girlfriend likes to eat? </span>
 
*他 <em>连</em> 他 女朋友 喜欢 吃 什么 <strong>都</strong> 不 知道。 <span class="pinyin">Tā <em>lián</em> tā nǚpéngyou xǐhuan chī shénme <strong>dōu</strong> bù zhīdào.</span><span class="trans">He doesn't even know what his girlfriend likes to eat? </span>
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</div>
 
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== Advanced Usage==
 
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=== 连 as "Not at All" ===
 
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==== Structure ====
 
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<div class="jiegou">
 
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连 + Verb + 都 + 不 / 没 + Verb (，就 ⋯⋯)
 
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</div>
 
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Using this type of sentence structure emphasizes "not even at all..."
 
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==== Examples ====
 
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<div class="liju">
 
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*朋友 ？这个 人 我 <em>连</em> 见 <strong>都</strong> 没 见 过 。<span class="pinyin">Péngyou? Zhège rén wǒ <em>lián</em> jiàn <strong>dōu</strong> méi jiàn guo.</span><span class="trans">Friends? I've never seen this person.</span>
 
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*他 <em>连</em> 问 <strong>都</strong> 不 问 ，<strong>就</strong> 把 我们 的 东西 扔 了 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>lián</em> wèn <strong>dōu</strong> bù wèn, <strong>jiù</strong> bǎ wǒmen de dōngxi rēng le.</span><span class="trans">He didn't even ask at all, he just threw away my stuff.</span>
 
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*你们 <em>连</em> 尝 <strong>都</strong> 没 尝 ，<strong>就</strong> 说 不 好吃 ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen <em>lián</em> cháng <strong>dōu</strong> méi cháng, <strong>jiù</strong> shuō bù hǎochī?</span><span class="trans">You guys didn't even taste it at all and you say it's not tasty?</span>
 
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</div>
 
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=== 连 as "Not even One" ===
 
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"连"在这个句型中，是语气副词，加强语气。去掉不影响句子的完整性。详见[[Expressing "not even one"]]。
 
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==== Structure ====
 
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<div class="jiegou">
 
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连 + 一 + Measure Word (+ Noun) + 都 + 不 / 没 + Verb
 
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</div>
 
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==== Examples ====
 
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<div class="liju">
 
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*两 年 前，他 <em>连</em> 一 句 中文 <strong>都</strong> 不 会 说 。<span class="pinyin">Liǎng nián qián, tā <em>lián</em> yī jù Zhōngwén <strong>dōu</strong> bù huì shuō.</span><span class="trans">He couldn't even say a sentence in Chinese two years ago.</span>
 
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*他 <em>连</em> 一 套 西服 <strong>都</strong> 没有 ？<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>lián</em> yī  tào xīfú <strong>dōu</strong> méiyǒu?</span><span class="trans">He doesn't even have one suit?</span>
 
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*我们 <em>连</em> 一 次 <strong>都</strong> 没 见 过 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen <em>lián</em> yī cì <strong>dōu</strong> méi jiàn guo.</span><span class="trans">We haven't even met once.</span>
 
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
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[[Category:B1 grammar points]]
 
[[Category:B1 grammar points]]
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{{Basic Grammar|连|B1|连⋯⋯ 都 / 也⋯⋯|你 <em>连</em> 小狗 <em>都</em> 怕？|grammar point|ASGNP0WV}}
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{{Basic Grammar|连|B1|连 + Subj. + 都 (+ 不 / 没) + Verb|你 <em>连</em> 小狗 <em>都</em> 怕 ？|grammar point|ASGNP0WV}}
 
{{Rel char|都}}
 
{{Rel char|都}}
 
{{Rel char|也}}
 
{{Rel char|也}}

Revision as of 08:41, 25 January 2018

连⋯⋯都⋯⋯ (lián... dōu...) is a pattern that can be used to emphasize certain unexpected or surprising events or information. It is used the same way even is in English.

Used before the Subject

Structure

连 + Subj. + 都 (+ 不 / 没) + Verb

Examples

  • 这个 问题 太 简单 了 ，连 三岁 小孩 都 知道 。Zhège wèntí tài jiǎndān le, lián sān suì xiǎohái dōu zhīdào.This question is so easy that even a three-year-old kid knows the answer.
  • 我们 家 人人 都 炒股 ，连 我 奶奶 都 炒 。Wǒmen jiā rénrén dōu chǎogǔ, lián wǒ nǎinai dōu chǎo.Everyone in my family plays the stock market. Even my grandma does.
  • 这个 汉字 太 难 了 ，连 我 的 中文 老师 都 不 认识 。Zhège Hànzì tài nán le, lián wǒ de Zhōngwén lǎoshī dōu bù rènshi.This Chinese character is so difficult that even my Chinese teacher doesn't know it.

Used before the Object

Structure

连 + Obj. + 都 (+ 不 / 没) + Verb

Examples

  • 他 什么 都 吃，连 狗肉 都 吃 。Tā shénme dōu chī, lián gǒu ròu dōu chī.He eats everything, even dog meat.
  • 你 连 你 最好 的 的 朋友 都 不 相信 ？Nǐ lián nǐ zuìhǎo de péngyou dōu bù xiāngxìn?You don't even believe in your best friend?
  • 他 现在 很 穷 ，连 麦当劳 都 吃 不起 。Tā xiànzài hěn qióng, lián Màidāngláo dōu chī bu qǐ.He's very poor now. He couldn't even afford a meal at McDonald.

如果"连"后面的宾语是个句子，小句中要有疑问代词。

  • 你 连 她 叫 什么 都 没 问 ？Nǐ lián tā jiào shénme dōu méi wèn? You didn't even ask what her name is?
  • 他 连 他 女朋友 喜欢 吃 什么 都 不 知道。 Tā lián tā nǚpéngyou xǐhuan chī shénme dōu bù zhīdào.He doesn't even know what his girlfriend likes to eat?

See also

Sources and further reading

Books


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