Difference between revisions of "Negation of past actions with "meiyou""
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== Structure == | == Structure == | ||
| − | Usually verbs can be [[Standard negation with bu|negated with 不]], but that construction is used for habitual or present actions. If the verb is about an action '''in the past''', though, 没有 should be used: | + | Usually verbs can be [[Standard negation with bu|negated with 不 (bù)]], but that construction is used for habitual or present actions. If the verb is about an action '''in the past''', though, 没有 (méiyǒu) should be used: |
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
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| − | Note that you can shorten 没有 to just 没: | + | Note that you can shorten 没有 (méiyǒu) to just 没(méi): |
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
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| − | Remember that '''了 is not used with 没有'''. [[了]] marks completed actions, while 没有 is used for actions that ''didn't happen''. These two don't work together. This is a very common mistake for beginner learners of Chinese. | + | Remember that '''了 is not used with 没有'''. [[了|了 (le)]] marks completed actions, while 没有 (méiyǒu) is used for actions that ''didn't happen''. These two don't work together. This is a very common mistake for beginner learners of Chinese. |
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 08:29, 13 June 2014
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Keywords
Use 没有 (méiyǒu) to negate past actions (to say that someone didn't do something, or something didn't happen).
Structure
Usually verbs can be negated with 不 (bù), but that construction is used for habitual or present actions. If the verb is about an action in the past, though, 没有 (méiyǒu) should be used:
Subject + 没有 + Verb
Examples
- 我 没有 去 酒吧。I didn't go to a bar.
- 他们 没有 说话。They didn't speak.
- 我 没有 喝 你 的 啤酒。I didn't drink your beer.
- 她 没有 看到 你。She didn't see you.
- 我 没有 吃 早饭。I didn't eat breakfast.
- 昨天 我 没有 睡觉。Yesterday I didn't sleep.
- 我 没有 买 水果。I didn't buy fruit.
- 我 太太 没有 做 饭。My wife didn't cook.
- 宝宝 没有 哭。The baby didn't cry.
- 你 没有 生病。You didn't get sick.
- 我 没有 学习 中文。I didn't study Chinese.
Note that you can shorten 没有 (méiyǒu) to just 没(méi):
- 我 没 去 酒吧。I didn't go to bar.
- 他们 没 说话。They didn't speak.
- 我 没 喝 你 的 啤酒。I didn't drink your beer.
- 她 没 看到 你。She didn't see you.
- 我 没 吃 早饭。I didn't eat breakfast.
- 昨天 我 没 睡觉。Yesterday I didn't sleep.
- 我 没 买 水果。I didn't buy fruit.
- 我 太太 没 做 饭。My wife didn't cook.
- 宝宝 没 哭。The baby didn't cry.
- 你 没 生病。You didn't get sick.
- 我 没 学习 中文。I didn't study Chinese.
Remember that 了 is not used with 没有. 了 (le) marks completed actions, while 没有 (méiyǒu) is used for actions that didn't happen. These two don't work together. This is a very common mistake for beginner learners of Chinese.
See also
Sources and further reading
Books
- Practicing HSK Grammar (语法精讲精炼) (p. 32) →buy
- 现代汉语八百词（增订本） (p. 383) →buy
- Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed) (pp. 138-9) →buy
Videos
- Yoyo Chinese: Negation with 没
