Difference between revisions of "Standard negation with "bu""
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| − | * 我 <em>不</em> <strong>是</strong> 德国人。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>bù </em> <strong>shì </strong> Déguó rén.</span><span class="trans">I am not German.</span> | + | * 我 <em>不</em> <strong>是</strong> 德国人。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>bù</em> <strong>shì </strong> Déguó rén.</span><span class="trans">I am not German.</span> |
| − | * 他 <em>不</em> <strong>喜欢</strong> 你。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>bù </em> <strong>xǐhuān </strong> nǐ.</span><span class="trans">He does not like you.</span> | + | * 他 <em>不</em> <strong>喜欢</strong> 你。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>bù</em> <strong>xǐhuān </strong> nǐ.</span><span class="trans">He does not like you.</span> |
| − | * 她 <em>不</em> <strong>喝</strong> 酒。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>bù </em> <strong>hē </strong> jiǔ.</span><span class="trans">She doesn't drink beer.</span> | + | * 她 <em>不</em> <strong>喝</strong> 酒。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>bù</em> <strong>hē </strong> jiǔ.</span><span class="trans">She doesn't drink beer.</span> |
| − | * 我 <em>不</em> <strong>是</strong> 好 学生。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>bù </em> <strong>shì </strong> hǎo xuéshēng.</span><span class="trans">I am not a good student.</span> | + | * 我 <em>不</em> <strong>是</strong> 好 学生。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>bù</em> <strong>shì </strong> hǎo xuéshēng.</span><span class="trans">I am not a good student.</span> |
| − | * 我 <em>不</em> <strong>想 工作</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>bù </em> <strong>xiǎng gōngzuò </strong>.</span><span class="trans">I don't want to work.</span> | + | * 我 <em>不</em> <strong>想 工作</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>bù</em> <strong>xiǎng gōngzuò </strong>.</span><span class="trans">I don't want to work.</span> |
| − | * 很多 年轻 人 <em>不</em> <strong>运动</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Hěnduō niánqīng rén <em>bù </em> <strong>yùndòng </strong>.</span><span class="trans">Many young people don't exercise.</span> | + | * 很多 年轻 人 <em>不</em> <strong>运动</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Hěnduō niánqīng rén <em>bù</em> <strong>yùndòng </strong>.</span><span class="trans">Many young people don't exercise.</span> |
| − | * 今天 我 <em>不</em> <strong>去 上课</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Jīntiān wǒ <em>bù </em> <strong>qù shàngkè </strong>.</span><span class="trans">Today I am not going to class.</span> | + | * 今天 我 <em>不</em> <strong>去 上课</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Jīntiān wǒ <em>bù</em> <strong>qù shàngkè </strong>.</span><span class="trans">Today I am not going to class.</span> |
| − | * 我 <em>不</em> <strong>喜欢</strong> 这 个 派对。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>bù </em> <strong>xǐhuān </strong> zhè gè pàiduì.</span><span class="trans">I don't like this party.</span> | + | * 我 <em>不</em> <strong>喜欢</strong> 这 个 派对。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>bù</em> <strong>xǐhuān </strong> zhè gè pàiduì.</span><span class="trans">I don't like this party.</span> |
| − | * 这么 贵，我 <em>不</em> <strong>买</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Zhème guì, wǒ <em>bù </em> <strong>mǎi </strong>.</span><span class="trans">How expensive! I'm not buying it.</span> | + | * 这么 贵，我 <em>不</em> <strong>买</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Zhème guì, wǒ <em>bù</em> <strong>mǎi </strong>.</span><span class="trans">How expensive! I'm not buying it.</span> |
| − | * 为什么 你 <em>不</em> <strong>喜欢 喝</strong> 咖啡？<span class="pinyin">Wèishéme nǐ <em>bù </em> <strong>xǐhuān hē </strong> kāfēi?</span><span class="trans">Why don't you like to drink coffee?</span> | + | * 为什么 你 <em>不</em> <strong>喜欢 喝</strong> 咖啡？<span class="pinyin">Wèishéme nǐ <em>bù</em> <strong>xǐhuān hē </strong> kāfēi?</span><span class="trans">Why don't you like to drink coffee?</span> |
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| − | <li class="x">我 <em>不有</em> 时间。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>bù yǒu </em> shíjiān.</span></li> | + | <li class="x">我 <em>不有</em> 时间。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>bù yǒu</em> shíjiān.</span></li> |
| − | <li class="o">我 <em>没有</em> 时间。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>méiyǒu </em> shíjiān.</span><span class="trans">I don't have time.</span> | + | <li class="o">我 <em>没有</em> 时间。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>méiyǒu</em> shíjiān.</span><span class="trans">I don't have time.</span> |
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<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | * 我 <em>不</em> <strong>饿</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>bù </em> <strong>è </strong>.</span><span class="trans">I'm not hungry.</span> | + | * 我 <em>不</em> <strong>饿</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>bù</em> <strong>è </strong>.</span><span class="trans">I'm not hungry.</span> |
| − | * 他 <em>不</em> <strong>热</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>bù </em> <strong>rè </strong>.</span><span class="trans">He is not hot.</span> | + | * 他 <em>不</em> <strong>热</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>bù</em> <strong>rè </strong>.</span><span class="trans">He is not hot.</span> |
| − | * 这 个 <em>不</em> <strong>贵</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Zhè gè <em>bù </em> <strong>guì </strong>.</span><span class="trans">This is not expensive.</span> | + | * 这 个 <em>不</em> <strong>贵</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Zhè gè <em>bù</em> <strong>guì </strong>.</span><span class="trans">This is not expensive.</span> |
| − | * 我们 学校 <em>不</em> <strong>大</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen xuéxiào <em>bù </em> <strong>dà </strong>.</span><span class="trans">Our school is not big.</span> | + | * 我们 学校 <em>不</em> <strong>大</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen xuéxiào <em>bù</em> <strong>dà </strong>.</span><span class="trans">Our school is not big.</span> |
| − | * 这里 的 咖啡 <em>不</em> <strong>好喝</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Zhèlǐ de kāfēi <em>bù </em> <strong>hǎo hē </strong>.</span><span class="trans">The coffee here is not good.</span> | + | * 这里 的 咖啡 <em>不</em> <strong>好喝</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Zhèlǐ de kāfēi <em>bù</em> <strong>hǎo hē </strong>.</span><span class="trans">The coffee here is not good.</span> |
| − | * 我 觉得 那 个 女 孩子 <em>不</em> <strong>漂亮</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ juédé nàgè nǚ háizi <em>bù </em> <strong>piàoliang </strong>.</span><span class="trans">I think that girl is not pretty.</span> | + | * 我 觉得 那 个 女 孩子 <em>不</em> <strong>漂亮</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ juédé nàgè nǚ háizi <em>bù</em> <strong>piàoliang </strong>.</span><span class="trans">I think that girl is not pretty.</span> |
| − | * 我 哥哥 <em>不</em> <strong>高</strong>，但是 很 帅。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ gēgē <em>bù </em> <strong>gāo </strong>, dànshì hěn shuài.</span><span class="trans">My older brother is not tall, but he is very handsome.</span> | + | * 我 哥哥 <em>不</em> <strong>高</strong>，但是 很 帅。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ gēgē <em>bù</em> <strong>gāo </strong>, dànshì hěn shuài.</span><span class="trans">My older brother is not tall, but he is very handsome.</span> |
| − | * 我 很 <em>不</em> <strong>高兴</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ hěn <em>bù </em> <strong>gāoxìng </strong>.</span><span class="trans">I am not happy.</span> | + | * 我 很 <em>不</em> <strong>高兴</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ hěn <em>bù</em> <strong>gāoxìng </strong>.</span><span class="trans">I am not happy.</span> |
| − | * 这 个 人 <em>不</em> <strong>好</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Zhè gè rén <em>bù </em> <strong>hǎo </strong>.</span><span class="trans">This person is not good.</span> | + | * 这 个 人 <em>不</em> <strong>好</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Zhè gè rén <em>bù</em> <strong>hǎo </strong>.</span><span class="trans">This person is not good.</span> |
| − | * 吃 这 种 东西 <em>不</em> <strong>健康</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Chī zhè zhǒng dōngxī <em>bù </em> <strong>jiànkāng </strong>.</span><span class="trans">Eating this stuff is not healthy.</span> | + | * 吃 这 种 东西 <em>不</em> <strong>健康</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Chī zhè zhǒng dōngxī <em>bù</em> <strong>jiànkāng </strong>.</span><span class="trans">Eating this stuff is not healthy.</span> |
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Revision as of 09:50, 14 July 2015
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Keywords
不 (bù) is generally used to negate an action that you do not want to do or do not intend to do (in the future). So expressing things like "I don't want to go" or "I'm not going" would be uses of 不 (bù).
Contents
Negating Verbs
Structure
The standard way to negate verbs in Chinese is with 不 (bù). To negate a verb, simply place 不 (bù) before it:
Subject + 不 + Verb + Object
Examples
- 我 不 是 德国人。I am not German.
- 他 不 喜欢 你。He does not like you.
- 她 不 喝 酒。She doesn't drink beer.
- 我 不 是 好 学生。I am not a good student.
- 我 不 想 工作。I don't want to work.
- 很多 年轻 人 不 运动。Many young people don't exercise.
- 今天 我 不 去 上课。Today I am not going to class.
- 我 不 喜欢 这 个 派对。I don't like this party.
- 这么 贵，我 不 买。How expensive! I'm not buying it.
- 为什么 你 不 喜欢 喝 咖啡？Why don't you like to drink coffee?
Almost all verbs can be negated with 不 (bù) (unless you're talking about the past). The only verb that can never be negated with 不 (bù) is 有 (yǒu).
- 我 不有 时间。
- 我 没有 时间。I don't have time.
Negating Adjectives
Turns out that the structure is basically the same.
Structure
Subject + 不 + Adjective
Examples
- 我 不 饿。I'm not hungry.
- 他 不 热。He is not hot.
- 这 个 不 贵。This is not expensive.
- 我们 学校 不 大。Our school is not big.
- 这里 的 咖啡 不 好喝。The coffee here is not good.
- 我 觉得 那 个 女 孩子 不 漂亮。I think that girl is not pretty.
- 我 哥哥 不 高，但是 很 帅。My older brother is not tall, but he is very handsome.
- 我 很 不 高兴。I am not happy.
- 这 个 人 不 好。This person is not good.
- 吃 这 种 东西 不 健康。Eating this stuff is not healthy.
See also
Sources and Further Reading
Books
- Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed) (p. 31) →buy
- Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second Edition (p. 45) →buy
- Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide (pp. 146-150) →buy
Videos
- Yoyo Chinese: Negation word 不
