Difference between revisions of "Expressing "always" with "conglai""
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Although perhaps more often used in the negative to mean "[[never]]," 从来 (cónglái) can be used with [[都]] (dōu) to mean "always" or "have always (done)."
 
Although perhaps more often used in the negative to mean "[[never]]," 从来 (cónglái) can be used with [[都]] (dōu) to mean "always" or "have always (done)."
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Without the negative adverbs [[不]] and [[没]], [[从来]] takes on the meaning of "[[always]]."  (Literally, 从来 means something like "from the beginning," although no one is really thinking that phrase when they use it.)  When used in the positive, though, it is customary to put the adverb 都 after 从来.
  
 
== Structure ==
 
== Structure ==
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−
Without the negative adverbs 不 and 没, 从来 takes on the meaning of "always."  (Literally, 从来 means something like "from the beginning," although no one is really thinking that phrase when they use it.)  When used in the positive, though, it is customary to put the adverb 都 after 从来.
 
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
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Subj. + 从来 + 都 + Predicate
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Subj. + 从来 + 都 (是) + Predicate
 
</div>
 
</div>
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The [[predicate]] part of the pattern can be a verb or an adjective. It's also quite common to follow 从来都 with an additional [[是]] for emphasis.
  
 
== Examples ==
 
== Examples ==
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
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*我 <em>从来 都</em> 一个人 住，已经 习惯 了。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>cónglái dōu</em> yīgèrén zhù, yǐjīng xíguàn le.</span><span class="trans">I have always lived alone; I'm used to it already.</span>
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*他 <em>从来 都</em> 这样 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>cónglái dōu</em> zhèyàng.</span><span class="trans">He's always like this.</span>
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*她 <em>从来 都</em> 这么 自私 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>cónglái dōu</em> zhème zìsī.</span><span class="trans">She's always been this selfish.</span>
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*她 <em>从来 都</em> 这么 晚 睡 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>cónglái dōu</em> zhème wǎn shuì.</span><span class="trans">She's always gone to bed so late.</span>
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*我们 下棋 ，<em>从来 都</em> 是 他 赢 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen xiàqí, <em>cónglái dōu</em> shì tā yíng.</span><span class="trans">He always wins when we play chess.</span>
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*他 说话 <em>从来 都</em> 很 大声 。<span class="pinyin">Tā shuōhuà <em>cónglái dōu</em> hěn dàshēng.</span><span class="trans">He's always spoken very loudly.</span>
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*他 说话 <em>从来 都</em> 很 大声 。<span class="pinyin">Tā shuōhuà <em>cónglái dōu</em> hěn dàshēng.</span><span class="trans">He always speaks very loudly.</span>
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*我们 学校 的 学生 <em>从来 都</em> 只 能 穿 校服 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen xuéxiào de xuéshēng <em>cónglái dōu</em> zhǐ néng chuān xiàofú.</span><span class="trans">Students in our school can only wear school uniforms.</span>
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*她 找 男朋友 <em>从来 都</em> 找 长 得 帅 的。<span class="pinyin">Tā zhǎo nánpéngyou <em>cónglái dōu</em> zhǎo zhǎng de shuài de.</span><span class="trans">She always find those good-looking guys when she looks for a boyfriend.</span>
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*成功 <em>从来 都</em> 要 靠 自己 努力 。<span class="pinyin">Chénggōng <em>cónglái dōu</em> yào kào zìjǐ nǔlì.</span><span class="trans">Success always depends on working hard by oneself.</span>
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*他 工作 <em>从来 都</em> 很 努力 。<span class="pinyin">Tā gōngzuò <em>cónglái dōu</em> hěn nǔlì.</span><span class="trans">He always works very hard.</span>
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*我们 下棋 ，<em>从来 都是</em> 他 赢 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen xiàqí, <em>cónglái dōushì </em> tā yíng.</span><span class="trans">He always wins when we play chess.</span>
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*我 的 学生 <em>从来 都</em> 这么 有自信。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ de xuéshēng <em>cónglái dōu</em> zhème yǒu zìxìn.</span><span class="trans">My students are always so confident.</span>
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*她 买 衣服 <em>从来 都是</em> 只 买 名牌 。<span class="pinyin">Tā mǎi yīfu <em>cónglái dōushì </em> zhǐ mǎi míngpái.</span><span class="trans">She always buys brand-name clothes when she goes shopping.</span>
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*这 种 电影 <em>从来 都</em> 是 最 受 年轻人 欢迎 的 。<span class="pinyin">Zhè zhǒng diànyǐng <em>cónglái dōu</em> shì zuì shòu niánqīng rén huānyíng de.</span><span class="trans">This type of movie is always the most popular with young people.</span>
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*我 <em>从来 都是</em> 一个人 住 ，已经 习惯 了 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>cónglái dōushì </em> yīgèrén zhù, yǐjīng xíguàn le.</span><span class="trans">I've always lived alone; I'm used to it already.</span>
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*成功 <em>从来 都</em> 要 靠 自己 努力 。<span class="pinyin">Chénggōng <em>cónglái dōu</em> yào kào zìjǐ nǔlì.</span><span class="trans">Success always depends on one's own hard word.</span>
 
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</div>
 
</div>
  
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== Sources and further reading ==
 
== Sources and further reading ==
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=== Books ===
 
=== Books ===
  
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* [[现代汉语八百词]](p.132) [http://www.amazon.cn/mn/detailApp?_encoding=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&asin=B001198GSW&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B001198GSW →buy]
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{{Source|HSK Standard Course 4上|5}}
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* [[Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2]] (p. 59) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276881/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=0887276881 →buy]
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{{Source|现代汉语八百词|132}}
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* [[New Practical Chinese Reader 4 (新实用汉语课本4)]] (p. 121) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/7561913192/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=7561913192 →buy]
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{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2|59}}
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{{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 4 (新实用汉语课本4)|121}}
  
 
===Websites===
 
===Websites===
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[[Category:B1 grammar points]]
 
[[Category:B1 grammar points]]
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{{Basic Grammar|从来|B1|从来 + 都 + Verb|我 <em>从来 都</em> 是 一个人，已经 习惯了。|grammar point|ASG8KUHG}}
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{{HSK|HSK4}}
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{{Basic Grammar|从来|B1|从来 + 都 (是) + Predicate|我 <em>从来 都</em> 是 一个人，已经 习惯了。|grammar point|ASG8KUHG}}
 
{{Rel char|都}}
 
{{Rel char|都}}
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{{Rel char|是}}
 
{{Rel char|从}}
 
{{Rel char|从}}
 
{{Rel char|来}}
 
{{Rel char|来}}

Latest revision as of 04:48, 9 March 2019

Although perhaps more often used in the negative to mean "never," 从来 (cónglái) can be used with 都 (dōu) to mean "always" or "have always (done)."

Without the negative adverbs 不 and 没, 从来 takes on the meaning of "always." (Literally, 从来 means something like "from the beginning," although no one is really thinking that phrase when they use it.) When used in the positive, though, it is customary to put the adverb 都 after 从来.

Structure

Subj. + 从来 + 都 (是) + Predicate

The predicate part of the pattern can be a verb or an adjective. It's also quite common to follow 从来都 with an additional 是 for emphasis.

Examples

  • 他 从来 都 这样 。Tā cónglái dōu zhèyàng.He's always like this.
  • 她 从来 都 这么 晚 睡 。Tā cónglái dōu zhème wǎn shuì.She's always gone to bed so late.
  • 他 说话 从来 都 很 大声 。Tā shuōhuà cónglái dōu hěn dàshēng.He's always spoken very loudly.
  • 我们 学校 的 学生 从来 都 只 能 穿 校服 。Wǒmen xuéxiào de xuéshēng cónglái dōu zhǐ néng chuān xiàofú.Students in our school can only wear school uniforms.
  • 成功 从来 都 要 靠 自己 努力 。Chénggōng cónglái dōu yào kào zìjǐ nǔlì.Success always depends on working hard by oneself.
  • 我们 下棋 ，从来 都是 他 赢 。Wǒmen xiàqí, cónglái dōushì tā yíng.He always wins when we play chess.
  • 她 买 衣服 从来 都是 只 买 名牌 。Tā mǎi yīfu cónglái dōushì zhǐ mǎi míngpái.She always buys brand-name clothes when she goes shopping.
  • 我 从来 都是 一个人 住 ，已经 习惯 了 。Wǒ cónglái dōushì yīgèrén zhù, yǐjīng xíguàn le.I've always lived alone; I'm used to it already.

See Also

Sources and further reading

Books

Websites



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