Difference between revisions of "The "however" adverb "que""
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− | {{Grammar Box}} | + | {{Grammar Box}} |
− | 却 (què) is used to indicate something was contrary to expectations, and is used in a similar way to [[Expressing Contrariness with "dao"|倒]]. However, | + | 却 (què) is used to indicate something was contrary to expectations, and is used in a similar way to [[Expressing Contrariness with "dao"|倒 (dào)]]. However, 却 is generally followed by a negative comment. |
− | ==Structure== | + | == Structure == |
+ | |||
+ | The overall structure of sentences that use 却 is something like this: | ||
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
− | + | Sentence ,(但是 +) Subj. + 却 ⋯⋯ | |
</div> | </div> | ||
− | + | Normally the first clause above makes a statement, and then the second clause introduces something contrary, generally in the form of a negative comment. | |
+ | |||
+ | == Examples == | ||
+ | |||
+ | In the following examples, take note that 却 comes ''after'' the subject in each case, and that it can be used together with 但是. | ||
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
− | < | + | *他 是 老板 ,<em>却</em> 没有 人 听 他 的 。<span class="pinyin">Tā shì lǎobǎn, <em>què</em> méiyǒu rén tīng tā de.</span><span class="trans">He's the boss, but nobody listens to him.</span> |
− | < | + | *他 的 学历 很 高 ,能力 <em>却</em> 很 一般 。<span class="pinyin">Tā de xuélì hěn gāo, nénglì <em>què</em> hěn yībān.</span><span class="trans">He's very well-educated, but his ability is average.</span> |
− | < | + | *他们 一见钟情 , <em>却</em> 没有 在 一起 。<span class="pinyin">Tāmen yījiànzhōngqíng, <em>què</em> méiyǒu zài yīqǐ.</span><span class="trans">They fell in love at first sight, but they didn't end up with each other.</span> |
− | < | + | *这 件 衣服 虽然 是 名牌 ,<em>但是</em> 质量 <em>却</em> 不 怎么样 。<span class="pinyin">Zhè jiàn yīfu suīrán shì míngpái, <em>dànshì</em> zhìliàng <em>què</em> bù zěnmeyàng.</span><span class="trans">Although this clothing is brand-name, the quality is not so good.</span> |
− | < | + | *有些 人 智商 很 高 ,情商 <em>却</em> 很 低 。<span class="pinyin">Yǒuxiē rén zhìshāng hěn gāo, qíngshāng <em>què</em> hěn dī.</span><span class="trans">Some people have high IQ, but really low EQ.</span> |
− | < | + | *他 只有 16 岁,<em>却</em> 比 同龄人 成熟 得 多 。<span class="pinyin">Tā zhǐyǒu shíliù suì, <em>què</em> bǐ tónglíng rén chéngshú de duō.</span><span class="trans">He's only sixteen, but he's much more mature than others his age.</span> |
− | < | ||
− | </ | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
− | == | + | == Common Mistake: Putting 却 Before the Subject == |
− | + | It's also important to point out that 却 is not a [[conjunction]]; it's an [[adverb]]. Practically speaking, this means that rather than joining two statements, it goes ''inside'' a statement (within the second clause). Specifically, it needs to come ''after the subject'' and ''before the verb''. (Note that when you use a conjunction like 但是 it comes ''before'' the subject! 却 is different in this respect. Also, rather than ''replacing'' 但是, it can work ''with'' it to add emphasis.) | |
+ | |||
+ | Sometimes the subject of the second clause will be omitted. If there is a subject, however, 却 definitely needs to come ''after'' it. | ||
+ | |||
+ | A few examples to give you a better understanding of this: | ||
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | <ul> | |
− | + | <li class="x">我 是 你 最好 的 朋友 ,<em>却</em> <strong>你</strong> 没 邀请 我 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ shì nǐ zuì hǎo de péngyou, <em>què</em> <strong>nǐ</strong> méi yāoqǐng wǒ.</span></li> | |
+ | <li class="o">我 是 你 最好 的 朋友 ,<strong>你</strong> <em>却</em> 没 邀请 我 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ shì nǐ zuì hǎo de péngyou, <strong>nǐ</strong> <em>què</em> méi yāoqǐng wǒ.</span></li> | ||
+ | <li class="o">我 是 你 最好 的 朋友 ,<strong>但是</strong> 你 <em>却</em> 没 邀请 我 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ shì nǐ zuì hǎo de péngyou, <strong>dànshì</strong> nǐ <em>què</em> méi yāoqǐng wǒ.</span><span class="trans">I'm your best friend, but you didn't invite me.</span></li> | ||
+ | </ul> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <ul> | ||
+ | <li class="x">他 家 很 有钱 ,<em>却</em> <strong>他</strong> 从来 不 炫耀 。<span class="pinyin">Tā jiā hěn yǒuqián, <em>què</em> <strong>tā</strong> cónglái bù xuànyào.</span></li> | ||
+ | <li class="o">他 家 很 有钱 ,<strong>他</strong> <em>却</em> 从来 不 炫耀 。<span class="pinyin">Tā jiā hěn yǒuqián, <strong>tā</strong> <em>què</em> cónglái bù xuànyào.</span></li> | ||
+ | <li class="o">他 家 很 有钱 ,<strong>但是</strong> 他 <em>却</em> 从来 不 炫耀 。<span class="pinyin">Tā jiā hěn yǒuqián, <strong>dànshì</strong> tā <em>què</em> cónglái bù xuànyào.</span><span class="trans">His family is rich, but he never flaunts it.</span></li> | ||
+ | </ul> | ||
+ | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
− | ==See also== | + | == See also == |
+ | |||
*[[Expressing Contrariness with "dao"]] | *[[Expressing Contrariness with "dao"]] | ||
*[["On the Contrary" with "fan'er"]] | *[["On the Contrary" with "fan'er"]] | ||
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=== Books === | === Books === | ||
− | + | ||
+ | {{Source|HSK Standard Course 4上|22}} | ||
+ | {{Source|Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级) |140-2}} | ||
+ | {{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 4 (新实用汉语课本4)|184}} | ||
[[Category: B2 grammar points]] | [[Category: B2 grammar points]] | ||
− | {{Basic Grammar|却|B2| | + | {{HSK|HSK4}} |
− | {{Similar| | + | {{Basic Grammar|却|B2|⋯⋯,却⋯⋯|他们 一见钟情 , <em>却</em> 没有 在 一起 。|grammar point|ASGEG2QB}} |
+ | {{Similar|A Softer "But"}} | ||
{{Similar|"On the Contrary" with "fan'er"}} | {{Similar|"On the Contrary" with "fan'er"}} | ||
− | {{Similar| | + | {{Similar|Expressing contrariness with "dao"}} |
{{Used for|Contrasting}} | {{Used for|Contrasting}} | ||
+ | {{Used for|Differentiating}} | ||
{{Structure|"But" Statements}} | {{Structure|"But" Statements}} | ||
+ | {{Translation|but}} | ||
+ | {{Translation|however}} |
Latest revision as of 02:39, 29 December 2020
却 (què) is used to indicate something was contrary to expectations, and is used in a similar way to 倒 (dào). However, 却 is generally followed by a negative comment.
Contents
Structure
The overall structure of sentences that use 却 is something like this:
Sentence ,(但是 +) Subj. + 却 ⋯⋯
Normally the first clause above makes a statement, and then the second clause introduces something contrary, generally in the form of a negative comment.
Examples
In the following examples, take note that 却 comes after the subject in each case, and that it can be used together with 但是.
- 他 是 老板 ,却 没有 人 听 他 的 。He's the boss, but nobody listens to him.
- 他 的 学历 很 高 ,能力 却 很 一般 。He's very well-educated, but his ability is average.
- 他们 一见钟情 , 却 没有 在 一起 。They fell in love at first sight, but they didn't end up with each other.
- 这 件 衣服 虽然 是 名牌 ,但是 质量 却 不 怎么样 。Although this clothing is brand-name, the quality is not so good.
- 有些 人 智商 很 高 ,情商 却 很 低 。Some people have high IQ, but really low EQ.
- 他 只有 16 岁,却 比 同龄人 成熟 得 多 。He's only sixteen, but he's much more mature than others his age.
Common Mistake: Putting 却 Before the Subject
It's also important to point out that 却 is not a conjunction; it's an adverb. Practically speaking, this means that rather than joining two statements, it goes inside a statement (within the second clause). Specifically, it needs to come after the subject and before the verb. (Note that when you use a conjunction like 但是 it comes before the subject! 却 is different in this respect. Also, rather than replacing 但是, it can work with it to add emphasis.)
Sometimes the subject of the second clause will be omitted. If there is a subject, however, 却 definitely needs to come after it.
A few examples to give you a better understanding of this:
- 我 是 你 最好 的 朋友 ,却 你 没 邀请 我 。
- 我 是 你 最好 的 朋友 ,你 却 没 邀请 我 。
- 我 是 你 最好 的 朋友 ,但是 你 却 没 邀请 我 。I'm your best friend, but you didn't invite me.
- 他 家 很 有钱 ,却 他 从来 不 炫耀 。
- 他 家 很 有钱 ,他 却 从来 不 炫耀 。
- 他 家 很 有钱 ,但是 他 却 从来 不 炫耀 。His family is rich, but he never flaunts it.