Difference between revisions of "Expressing "when" with "de shihou""
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{{Grammar Box}}
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{{Grammar Box}}  
  
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The simplest way to talk about events that happened during a certain time, like how in English when we say "when I was a child" or "when I was in school", is to use 的时候 (de shíhou).
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In English, if we are reflecting on a past time, we often say, "''when'' I was a child" or "''when'' I was in school." In Chinese, this can also be expressed by using 的时候 (de shíhou).
  
 
== Structure ==
 
== Structure ==
  
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To talk about events that happened ''at'' or ''during'' a particular time, 的时候 is often used. This is simply attached to the word or phrase indicating the time:
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To talk about events that happened ''at'' or ''during'' a particular time, 的时候 (de shíhou) is often used. This is simply attached to the word or phrase indicating the time:
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
  
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(Subject)+ verb./adj. + 的时候 + Subject + Verb + Object
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(Subj.) + Verb / Adj. + 的 时候, ....
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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As time words can appear [[Time words and word order|before or after the subject]], you can also place the ''Time + 的时候'' after the subject.
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As time words can appear [[Time words and word order|before or after the subject]], you can also place the "Time + 的时候 (de shíhou)" after the subject:
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<div class="jiegou">
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 +
Time Word + 的 时候, ....
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 +
</div>
  
 
== Examples ==
 
== Examples ==
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
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* 你 <em>不 在</em> <strong>的时候</strong>，我 会 想 你。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em> bù zài</em> <strong>de shíhou</strong>, wǒ huì xiǎng nǐ.</span><span class="trans">When you are not here, I'll miss you.</span>
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* 你 <em>在 </em> <strong>的时候</strong>，我很开心。<span class="trans">When you are around, I'm excited.</span>
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* 我 <em>上 大学</em> <strong>的时候</strong>，有 很 多 朋友。 <span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>shàng dàxué</em> <strong>de shíhou</strong>, yǒu hěn duō péngyou.</span><span class="trans">When I was in college, I had a lot of friends.</span>
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* 我 <em>在 大学</em> <strong>的时候</strong> 常常 出去 玩。<span class="trans">When I was in college, I would often go out and have fun.</span>
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* <em>上课</em> <strong>的时候</strong> 不要 吃 东西。<span class="pinyin"><em>Shàngkè</em> <strong>de shíhou</strong> bùyào chī dōngxi.</span><span class="trans">Don't eat when you are in class.</span>
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* 我  <em>工作</em> <strong>的时候</strong>，喜欢 安静。<span class="trans">When I work, I like quiet.</span>
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* 老板 <em>工作</em> <strong>的时候</strong> 喜欢 喝 咖啡。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn <em>gōngzuò</em> <strong>de shíhou</strong> xǐhuan hē kāfēi.</span><span class="trans">When the boss works, he likes to drink coffee.</span>
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* 我  <em>跟 朋友 一起</em> <strong>的时候</strong> ，喜欢 喝 啤酒。<span class="trans">When I'm with friends, I like to drink beer.</span>
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* 我 <em>生气</em> <strong>的时候</strong>，请 你 不要 笑。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>shēngqì</em> <strong>de shíhou</strong>, qǐng nǐ bùyào xiào.</span><span class="trans">Please don't laugh when I'm angry.</span>
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* <em>休息</em> <strong>的时候</strong>，我 喜欢 听 音乐。<span class="trans">When resting, I like to listen to music.</span>
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* 妈妈 <em>不 在 家</em> <strong>的时候</strong>，我 自己 做饭。<span class="pinyin">Māma <em>bù zài jiā</em> <strong>de shíhou</strong>, wǒ zìjǐ zuòfàn.</span><span class="trans">When mom is not home, I cook for myself.</span>
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* <em>小</em> <strong>的时候</strong>，我 不 喜欢 吃 蔬菜。<span class="trans">When I was little, I didn't like to eat vegetables</span>
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* <em>开会</em> <strong>的时候</strong> 不要 聊天。<span class="pinyin"><em>Kāihuì</em> <strong>de shíhou</strong> bùyào liáotiān.</span><span class="trans">Don't chat when you are in a meeting.</span>
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* <em>吃 东西</em> <strong>的时候</strong> 不要 说话。<span class="pinyin"><em>Chī dōngxi</em> <strong>de shíhou</strong> bùyào shuōhuà.</span><span class="trans">Don't talk when eating.</span>
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* 你 <em>开车</em> <strong>的时候</strong> 会 打 电话 吗？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>kāichē</em> <strong>de shíhou</strong> huì dǎ diànhuà ma? </span><span class="trans">Do you talk on the phone when you're driving?</span>
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* <em>走路</em> <strong>的时候</strong> 不要 玩手机。<span class="pinyin"><em> Zǒulù</em> <strong>de shíhou</strong> bùyào wán shǒujī.</span><span class="trans">Don't play with your phone while walking.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
 
==See also==
 
==See also==
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*[[Before a specific time]]
 
*[[Before a specific time]]
 
*[[In the future in general]]
 
*[[In the future in general]]
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=== Books ===
 
=== Books ===
  
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* [[Basic Patterns of Chinese Grammar]] (pp. 24-5) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1933330899/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399373&creativeASIN=1933330899 →buy]
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{{Source|HSK Standard Course 2|28}}
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* [[Integrated Chinese Level 2: Textbook (C&T Asian Language Studies) 1st edition]] (pp. 105) [http://www.amazon.com/Integrated-Chinese-Level-Languages-published/dp/B008PHOO52/ref=sr_1_2?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1347521730&sr=1-2&keywords=integrated+chinese+level+2+1st+edition →buy]
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{{Source|Basic Patterns of Chinese Grammar|24-5}}
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* [[Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed)]] (pp. 293-4) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276709/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=0887276709 →buy]
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{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed)|293-4}}
  
 
[[Category:A2 grammar points]]
 
[[Category:A2 grammar points]]
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{{HSK|HSK2}}{{2021-HSK|HSK2}}
 
{{Used for|Expressing time and date}}
 
{{Used for|Expressing time and date}}
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{{Used for|Indicating conditions}}
 
 
{{Used for|Referring to simultaneous events}}
 
{{Used for|Referring to simultaneous events}}
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{{Basic Grammar|的时候|A2|……的时候|你 在 <em>的 时候</em>，我 很 开心。|grammar point|ASGWN185}}
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{{Basic Grammar|的时候|A2|⋯⋯的时候|你 不在 <em>的 时候</em>，我 会 想 你。|grammar point|ASGWN185}}
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{{Rel char|时候}}
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{{Rel char|时}}
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{{Similar|"When" with "shi"}}  
 
{{Similar|Before a specific time}}  
 
{{Similar|Before a specific time}}  
 
{{Similar|In the future in general}}
 
{{Similar|In the future in general}}
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{{POS|Nouns}}
 
{{POS|Nouns}}
 
{{Translation|when}}
 
{{Translation|when}}
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{{Translation|while}}

Latest revision as of 08:58, 21 April 2021

In English, if we are reflecting on a past time, we often say, "when I was a child" or "when I was in school." In Chinese, this can also be expressed by using 的时候 (de shíhou).

Structure

To talk about events that happened at or during a particular time, 的时候 (de shíhou) is often used. This is simply attached to the word or phrase indicating the time:

(Subj.) + Verb / Adj. + 的 时候, ....

As time words can appear before or after the subject, you can also place the "Time + 的时候 (de shíhou)" after the subject:

Time Word + 的 时候, ....

Examples

  • 你 不 在 的时候，我 会 想 你。Nǐ bù zài de shíhou, wǒ huì xiǎng nǐ.When you are not here, I'll miss you.
  • 我 上 大学 的时候，有 很 多 朋友。 Wǒ shàng dàxué de shíhou, yǒu hěn duō péngyou.When I was in college, I had a lot of friends.
  • 上课 的时候 不要 吃 东西。Shàngkè de shíhou bùyào chī dōngxi.Don't eat when you are in class.
  • 老板 工作 的时候 喜欢 喝 咖啡。Lǎobǎn gōngzuò de shíhou xǐhuan hē kāfēi.When the boss works, he likes to drink coffee.
  • 我 生气 的时候，请 你 不要 笑。Wǒ shēngqì de shíhou, qǐng nǐ bùyào xiào.Please don't laugh when I'm angry.
  • 妈妈 不 在 家 的时候，我 自己 做饭。Māma bù zài jiā de shíhou, wǒ zìjǐ zuòfàn.When mom is not home, I cook for myself.
  • 开会 的时候 不要 聊天。Kāihuì de shíhou bùyào liáotiān.Don't chat when you are in a meeting.
  • 吃 东西 的时候 不要 说话。Chī dōngxi de shíhou bùyào shuōhuà.Don't talk when eating.
  • 你 开车 的时候 会 打 电话 吗？Nǐ kāichē de shíhou huì dǎ diànhuà ma? Do you talk on the phone when you're driving?
  • 走路 的时候 不要 玩手机。 Zǒulù de shíhou bùyào wán shǒujī.Don't play with your phone while walking.

See also

Sources and further reading

Books


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