Difference between revisions of "Advanced uses of "bei""
| (4 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
{{Stub}} | {{Stub}} | ||
| − | == | + | |
| + | == Using 被 with 给 == | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Structure === | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Receiver + 被 + Doer + 给 + Verb Phrase＋了 | ||
| + | |||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Examples === | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="liju"> | ||
| + | |||
| + | *他 <em>被</em> 警察 <em>给</em> 抓 了。<span class="trans">He got caught by the police.</span> | ||
| + | *这 个 老外 的 钱包 <em>被</em> 小偷 <em>给</em> 偷 了。<span class="trans">This foreigner's wallet got stolen by a thief.</span> | ||
| + | *他 的 家 <em>被</em> 大火 <em>给</em> 烧 了。<span class="trans">His home got burned by the fire.</span> | ||
| + | *我 的 iPad <em>被</em> 老师 <em>给</em> 拿 走了。<span class="trans">My iPad was taken away from me by my teacher.</span> | ||
| + | *我们 都 <em>被</em> 他 的 样子 <em>给</em> 吓 坏了。<span class="trans">We all got so scared by the way he looks.</span> | ||
| + | |||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Using 被 with 所 == | ||
| + | |||
| + | 这种句型非常书面语，是从古代汉语"为…所…"演化来的，"为…所…"更加正式。这种格式里，"被"后面一定要有宾语，动词多是双音节的，而且动词后通常没有其他句子成分。这种句式的作用在于强调the doer。 | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Structure === | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Receiver + 被 + Doer + 所 + Verb Phrase | ||
| + | |||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Examples === | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="liju"> | ||
| + | |||
| + | *我 深深 地 <em>被</em> 他 的 话 <em>所</em> 打动 了。<span class="trans">I got deeply touched by what he said.</span> | ||
| + | *他 深深 地<em>被</em> 她 的 美 <em>所</em> 吸引 了。<span class="trans">He got deeply attracted by her beauty.</span> | ||
| + | *他 做 的 事情 经常 不 <em>被</em> 家人 <em>所</em> 理解。<span class="trans">What he does is often not understood by his family.</span> | ||
| + | *这 种 政策 是 不 <em>被</em> 人们 <em>所</em> 接受 的。<span class="trans">This kind of policy is not accepted by the pubic.</span> | ||
| + | *这 种 行为 是 不 <em>被</em> 学校 <em>所</em> 允许 的。<span class="trans">This kind of behavior is not allowed by the school.</span> | ||
| + | |||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Modern usage of 被 == | ||
In recent years, special uses of 被 have popped up online. These uses occur with verbs which don't normally ever use 被, in order to emphasize a lack of control over the action, often including some kind of foul play or underlying statistical falsification.<ref>[http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=2206 Suicided: the adversative passive as a form of active resistance] (Victor Mair on Language Log)</ref><ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_disappearance#Linguistic_considerations Forced disappearance: Linguistic considerations] (Wikipedia)</ref> | In recent years, special uses of 被 have popped up online. These uses occur with verbs which don't normally ever use 被, in order to emphasize a lack of control over the action, often including some kind of foul play or underlying statistical falsification.<ref>[http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=2206 Suicided: the adversative passive as a form of active resistance] (Victor Mair on Language Log)</ref><ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_disappearance#Linguistic_considerations Forced disappearance: Linguistic considerations] (Wikipedia)</ref> | ||
| Line 12: | Line 59: | ||
* <em>被</em> 和谐 <span class="expl">to be harmonized)</span> | * <em>被</em> 和谐 <span class="expl">to be harmonized)</span> | ||
* <em>被</em> 自杀 <span class="expl">to be suicided)</span> | * <em>被</em> 自杀 <span class="expl">to be suicided)</span> | ||
| − | |||
* <em>被</em> 就业 <span class="expl">to be employed)</span> | * <em>被</em> 就业 <span class="expl">to be employed)</span> | ||
| − | |||
* <em>被</em> 代表 <span class="expl">to be represented)</span> | * <em>被</em> 代表 <span class="expl">to be represented)</span> | ||
| − | * <em>被</em> | + | * <em>被</em> 潜规则 <span class="expl">to be (forced to) follow the potential rules)</span> |
</div> | </div> | ||
| Line 22: | Line 67: | ||
== Other ways to form the passive == | == Other ways to form the passive == | ||
| − | 被 is not the only way to form the passive in Mandarin Chinese. The prepositions 让 and 叫 are also used in passive constructions, | + | 被 is not the only way to form the passive in Mandarin Chinese. The prepositions 让 and 叫 are also used in passive constructions, which are more common. "让、叫"也多用于对主语来说不愉快或者受损害的事情. 用"让、叫"表示被动意义的句式跟"被"字句基本一样, 只是介词"让、叫"后面的宾语一定要出现。如果想增强被动意义，也可以在动词前面加"给"。 |
| + | |||
| + | === Structure === | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Receiver + 让 / 叫 + Doer + Verb Phrase＋了 | ||
| + | |||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Examples === | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="liju"> | ||
| + | |||
| + | *他 <em>让</em> 人 打 了。<span class="trans">He got beaten by someone.</span> | ||
| + | *那 本 书 <em>让</em> 人 借 走 了。<span class="trans">Someone borrowed that book.</span> | ||
| + | *你 <em>叫</em> 那 个 人 <em>给</em> 骗 了。<span class="trans">You got fooled that guy.</span> | ||
| + | *你 <em>让</em> 老板 <em>给</em> 炒 鱿鱼 了？<span class="trans">You got fired by your boss?</span> | ||
| + | *宝宝 刚才 <em>叫</em> 他 <em>给</em> 吓 哭 了。<span class="trans">The baby got scared by him and he just cried.</span> | ||
| + | |||
| + | </div> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Latest revision as of 10:11, 21 November 2016
]]| This article is a stub. Editors can help the Chinese Grammar Wiki by expanding it. |
Contents
Using 被 with 给
Structure
Receiver + 被 + Doer + 给 + Verb Phrase＋了
Examples
- 他 被 警察 给 抓 了。He got caught by the police.
- 这 个 老外 的 钱包 被 小偷 给 偷 了。This foreigner's wallet got stolen by a thief.
- 他 的 家 被 大火 给 烧 了。His home got burned by the fire.
- 我 的 iPad 被 老师 给 拿 走了。My iPad was taken away from me by my teacher.
- 我们 都 被 他 的 样子 给 吓 坏了。We all got so scared by the way he looks.
Using 被 with 所
这种句型非常书面语，是从古代汉语"为…所…"演化来的，"为…所…"更加正式。这种格式里，"被"后面一定要有宾语，动词多是双音节的，而且动词后通常没有其他句子成分。这种句式的作用在于强调the doer。
Structure
Receiver + 被 + Doer + 所 + Verb Phrase
Examples
- 我 深深 地 被 他 的 话 所 打动 了。I got deeply touched by what he said.
- 他 深深 地被 她 的 美 所 吸引 了。He got deeply attracted by her beauty.
- 他 做 的 事情 经常 不 被 家人 所 理解。What he does is often not understood by his family.
- 这 种 政策 是 不 被 人们 所 接受 的。This kind of policy is not accepted by the pubic.
- 这 种 行为 是 不 被 学校 所 允许 的。This kind of behavior is not allowed by the school.
Modern usage of 被
In recent years, special uses of 被 have popped up online. These uses occur with verbs which don't normally ever use 被, in order to emphasize a lack of control over the action, often including some kind of foul play or underlying statistical falsification.[1][2]
Examples included
- 被 和谐 to be harmonized)
- 被 自杀 to be suicided)
- 被 就业 to be employed)
- 被 代表 to be represented)
- 被 潜规则 to be (forced to) follow the potential rules)
Other ways to form the passive
被 is not the only way to form the passive in Mandarin Chinese. The prepositions 让 and 叫 are also used in passive constructions, which are more common. "让、叫"也多用于对主语来说不愉快或者受损害的事情. 用"让、叫"表示被动意义的句式跟"被"字句基本一样, 只是介词"让、叫"后面的宾语一定要出现。如果想增强被动意义，也可以在动词前面加"给"。
Structure
Receiver + 让 / 叫 + Doer + Verb Phrase＋了
Examples
- 他 让 人 打 了。He got beaten by someone.
- 那 本 书 让 人 借 走 了。Someone borrowed that book.
- 你 叫 那 个 人 给 骗 了。You got fooled that guy.
- 你 让 老板 给 炒 鱿鱼 了？You got fired by your boss?
- 宝宝 刚才 叫 他 给 吓 哭 了。The baby got scared by him and he just cried.
See also
References
- ↑ Suicided: the adversative passive as a form of active resistance (Victor Mair on Language Log)
- ↑ Forced disappearance: Linguistic considerations (Wikipedia)
