Difference between revisions of "Ending a non-exhaustive list with "shenme de""
m (Text replacement - "{{HSK|HSK4下}}" to "{{HSK|HSK4}}") |
|||
(45 intermediate revisions by 14 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
− | + | {{Grammar Box}} | |
− | + | 什么的 (shénme de) is an informal way to express "and so on," and is used to end a list of items when it is obvious to the listener what class of things the speaker is talking about. 什么的 can also be used after a single item if it is obvious enough what might follow. | |
+ | |||
+ | == Structure == | ||
+ | |||
+ | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
+ | Noun 1, Noun 2 (+ Noun 3) + 什么的 | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Examples == | ||
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
− | * | + | |
− | * | + | *我 奶奶 不 吃 肉 ,只 吃 蔬菜 、豆腐 <em>什么的</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ nǎinai bù chī ròu, zhǐ chī shūcài, dòufu <em>shénme de</em>.</span><span class="trans">My grandma doesn't eat meat. She only eats vegetables, tofu, and so on.</span> |
− | * | + | *养狗 很 麻烦 ,你 要 喂 它 ,给 它 洗澡 ,跟 它 玩 <em>什么的</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Yǎng gǒu hěn máfan, nǐ yào wèi tā, gěi tā xǐzǎo, gēn tā wán <em>shénme de</em>.</span><span class="trans">Having a dog is too much trouble. You need to feed it, give it a bath, play with it, and so on.</span> |
+ | *数学 、物理 、化学 <em>什么的</em> ,我 都 不 感兴趣 。<span class="pinyin">Shùxué, wùlǐ, huàxué <em>shénme de</em>, wǒ dōu bù gǎnxìngqù.</span><span class="trans">Math, physics, chemistry, and so on. I'm not interested in any of them.</span> | ||
+ | *我 喜欢 实用 的 礼物 ,手表 、衣服 、书 <em>什么的</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ xǐhuan shíyòng de lǐwù, shǒubiǎo, yīfu, shū <em>shénme de</em>.</span><span class="trans">I like practical presents: watches, clothes, books, and so on.</span> | ||
+ | *我们 见面 一般 就是 吃饭、聊天 <em>什么的</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen jiànmiàn yībān jiùshì chīfàn, liáotiān <em>shénme de</em>.</span><span class="trans">When we meet, we just eat a meal, chat, and so on.</span> | ||
+ | *明天 去 野餐 ,我们 要 不 要 买 一些 水果、零食 <em>什么的</em> ?<span class="pinyin">Míngtiān qù yěcān, wǒmen yào bu yào mǎi yīxiē shuǐguǒ, língshí <em>shénme de</em>?</span><span class="trans">We are going on picnic tomorrow. Shall we buy some fruits, snacks, and so on?</span> | ||
+ | *跑步、游泳 、篮球 <em>什么的</em> ,这些 运动 他 都 喜欢 。<span class="pinyin">Pǎobù, yóuyǒng, lánqiú <em>shénme de</em>, zhèxiē yùndòng tā dōu xǐhuan.</span><span class="trans">Running, swimming, basketball, and so on. He likes all these sports.</span> | ||
+ | *长城 、故宫 <em>什么的</em> ,都 是 北京 很 有名 的 景点 。<span class="pinyin">Chángchéng, Gùgōng <em>shénme de</em>, dōu shì Běijīng hěn yǒumíng de jǐngdiǎn.</span><span class="trans">The Great Wall, the Forbidden City, and so on. They're all very famous tourist attractions in Beijing.</span> | ||
+ | *一个人 住 ,洗衣服 、做饭 <em>什么的</em> 都 要 自己 做 。<span class="pinyin">Yīgèrén zhù, xǐ yīfu, zuòfàn <em>shénme de</em> dōu yào zìjǐ zuò.</span><span class="trans">When you live alone, laundry, cooking, and so on all need to be done yourself.</span> | ||
+ | *电视 、洗衣机 <em>什么的</em> ,我 爸爸 都 会 修 。<span class="pinyin">Diànshì, xǐyījī <em>shénme de</em>, wǒ bàba dōu huì xiū.</span><span class="trans">Televisions, washing machines, and so on. My father can fix all those.</span> | ||
+ | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
− | + | It can be a little impolite to use 什么的 after a list of peoples names, in which case [[Non-exhaustive lists with "dengdeng"|等]] can be used in place of 什么的. When referring to a list of friends in informal contexts there is no problem using 什么的. | |
+ | |||
+ | == See also == | ||
− | |||
*[[Listing Things with "a"]] | *[[Listing Things with "a"]] | ||
+ | *[[Non-exhaustive lists with "dengdeng"]] | ||
+ | *[["Stuff like that" with "zhileide"]] | ||
== Sources and further reading == | == Sources and further reading == | ||
+ | |||
=== Books === | === Books === | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | [[Category: | + | {{Source|HSK Standard Course 4下|51}} |
+ | {{Source|Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级)|304-7}} | ||
+ | {{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1|121}} | ||
+ | {{Source|卓越汉语-公司实战篇|122-3}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | [[Category: B1 grammar points]] | ||
+ | {{HSK|HSK4}} | ||
+ | {{Basic Grammar|什么|B1|Noun 1, Noun 2 + 什么的|明天 去 野餐 ,我们 要 不 要 买 一些 水果 ,零食 <em>什么的</em> 。|grammar point|ASGDIDAC}} | ||
+ | {{Similar|Listing Things with "a"}} | ||
+ | {{Similar|"Stuff like that" with "zhileide"}} | ||
+ | {{POS|Auxiliary Words}} | ||
+ | {{Used for|Listing}} | ||
+ | {{Translation|Etc.}} |
Latest revision as of 04:49, 9 March 2019
-
Level
-
Similar to
-
Used for
-
Keywords
什么的 (shénme de) is an informal way to express "and so on," and is used to end a list of items when it is obvious to the listener what class of things the speaker is talking about. 什么的 can also be used after a single item if it is obvious enough what might follow.
Structure
Noun 1, Noun 2 (+ Noun 3) + 什么的
Examples
- 我 奶奶 不 吃 肉 ,只 吃 蔬菜 、豆腐 什么的 。My grandma doesn't eat meat. She only eats vegetables, tofu, and so on.
- 养狗 很 麻烦 ,你 要 喂 它 ,给 它 洗澡 ,跟 它 玩 什么的 。Having a dog is too much trouble. You need to feed it, give it a bath, play with it, and so on.
- 数学 、物理 、化学 什么的 ,我 都 不 感兴趣 。Math, physics, chemistry, and so on. I'm not interested in any of them.
- 我 喜欢 实用 的 礼物 ,手表 、衣服 、书 什么的 。I like practical presents: watches, clothes, books, and so on.
- 我们 见面 一般 就是 吃饭、聊天 什么的 。When we meet, we just eat a meal, chat, and so on.
- 明天 去 野餐 ,我们 要 不 要 买 一些 水果、零食 什么的 ?We are going on picnic tomorrow. Shall we buy some fruits, snacks, and so on?
- 跑步、游泳 、篮球 什么的 ,这些 运动 他 都 喜欢 。Running, swimming, basketball, and so on. He likes all these sports.
- 长城 、故宫 什么的 ,都 是 北京 很 有名 的 景点 。The Great Wall, the Forbidden City, and so on. They're all very famous tourist attractions in Beijing.
- 一个人 住 ,洗衣服 、做饭 什么的 都 要 自己 做 。When you live alone, laundry, cooking, and so on all need to be done yourself.
- 电视 、洗衣机 什么的 ,我 爸爸 都 会 修 。Televisions, washing machines, and so on. My father can fix all those.
It can be a little impolite to use 什么的 after a list of peoples names, in which case 等 can be used in place of 什么的. When referring to a list of friends in informal contexts there is no problem using 什么的.
See also
Sources and further reading
Books
- HSK Standard Course 4下 (pp. 51) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级) (pp. 304-7) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1 (pp. 121) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- 卓越汉语-公司实战篇 (pp. 122-3) 卓越汉语-公司实战篇 →buy