Difference between revisions of "Comparing "gen" and "dui""
(Created page with "{{Grammar Box}} {{Stub}} == 同形同义 == “跟”和“对”都可以用在同一个句型中，在这个句型中，“跟”和“对”都是介词，作用是引...") |
|||
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
{{Stub}} | {{Stub}} | ||
| + | 跟 and 对 sometimes seem like they mean the same thing, and at other times they seem to be different.After reading this article, you will know the difference! | ||
| − | == | + | |
| + | == When they have the same form and same meaning when used with 说 == | ||
| + | |||
| + | When using the verb 说, 跟 and 对 can both be used in a similar sentence pattern. 跟 and 岁 are both prepositions, and they both express one person speaking to another. | ||
“跟”和“对”都可以用在同一个句型中，在这个句型中，“跟”和“对”都是介词，作用是引出说话的对象。 | “跟”和“对”都可以用在同一个句型中，在这个句型中，“跟”和“对”都是介词，作用是引出说话的对象。 | ||
| Line 24: | Line 28: | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | == | + | == When they have a similar grammar structure but different meanings == |
| + | |||
| + | 跟 and 对 can be verbs, and they often are used with a 着, however their meanings are different. | ||
"跟"和"对"都可以是动词，后面都经常跟"着"，但是意思不一样。 | "跟"和"对"都可以是动词，后面都经常跟"着"，但是意思不一样。 | ||
| Line 35: | Line 41: | ||
=== Examples for 跟=== | === Examples for 跟=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | 跟 is a verb, and it's simplest meaning is "follow." Often it is used as a verb phrase, such as 跟着, 跟上, 跟不上, 跟得上, 跟somebody + Verb. | ||
| + | |||
“跟”是动词，有follow 的意思。常用动词词组是：跟着，跟上，跟不上，跟得上，跟somebody Verb | “跟”是动词，有follow 的意思。常用动词词组是：跟着，跟上，跟不上，跟得上，跟somebody Verb | ||
| Line 45: | Line 54: | ||
=== Examples for 对=== | === Examples for 对=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | 对 is also a verb, put it has the meaning of "towards" or "point to." Often it is used as: 对着, 对上, 对不上. | ||
“对”是动词，有point to 的意思。常用动词词组是：对着，对上，对不上。 | “对”是动词，有point to 的意思。常用动词词组是：对着，对上，对不上。 | ||
| Line 54: | Line 65: | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | == | + | == When to use 跟 and not 对 == |
| + | |||
| + | 跟 is a proposition, and it can be used in comparison. It will often have a supplementary explanation, similar to how 和 can be used (as in 我和你一样高). 对 cannot be used this way. | ||
“跟”是介词，引进比较的对象，一般后面还有补充说明，同“和”。“对”没有这个用法。 | “跟”是介词，引进比较的对象，一般后面还有补充说明，同“和”。“对”没有这个用法。 | ||
| Line 98: | Line 111: | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | == | + | == Examples when to use 对 and not 跟 == |
=== Structure === | === Structure === | ||
| + | |||
| + | When 对 as a proposition, it points to a certain target,since it can mean "point to" or "toward to". 跟 can only be used this way with 说. | ||
“对”作介词，引出动作的对象。“跟”只有在后面的动词是“说”的时候才有这样的意义。 | “对”作介词，引出动作的对象。“跟”只有在后面的动词是“说”的时候才有这样的意义。 | ||
| Line 115: | Line 130: | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | == Dialog == | + | == Example Dialog == |
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
Revision as of 08:45, 28 February 2013
-
Level
-
Similar to
-
Used for
-
Keywords
| This article is a stub. Editors can help the Chinese Grammar Wiki by expanding it. |
跟 and 对 sometimes seem like they mean the same thing, and at other times they seem to be different.After reading this article, you will know the difference!
Contents
When they have the same form and same meaning when used with 说
When using the verb 说, 跟 and 对 can both be used in a similar sentence pattern. 跟 and 岁 are both prepositions, and they both express one person speaking to another.
“跟”和“对”都可以用在同一个句型中，在这个句型中，“跟”和“对”都是介词，作用是引出说话的对象。
Structure
somebodyA 跟/对 somebodyB 说
Examples
- 我 跟 她 说 了，但是 她 不 信。
- 我 对 她 说 了，但是 她 不 信。
- 他 对 我 说 他 爱 我。
- 他 跟 我 说 他 爱 我。
- 刚才 你 对 他 说 什么 了？
- 刚才 你 跟 他 说 什么 了？
When they have a similar grammar structure but different meanings
跟 and 对 can be verbs, and they often are used with a 着, however their meanings are different.
"跟"和"对"都可以是动词，后面都经常跟"着"，但是意思不一样。
Structure
Subject + 跟/对 + Object
Examples for 跟
跟 is a verb, and it's simplest meaning is "follow." Often it is used as a verb phrase, such as 跟着, 跟上, 跟不上, 跟得上, 跟somebody + Verb.
“跟”是动词，有follow 的意思。常用动词词组是：跟着，跟上，跟不上，跟得上，跟somebody Verb
- 这 只 小 猫 总是 跟着 我。
- 你 走 得 太 快 ，我 跟不上。
- 你 想 跟 我 去 吗？
Examples for 对
对 is also a verb, put it has the meaning of "towards" or "point to." Often it is used as: 对着, 对上, 对不上.
“对”是动词，有point to 的意思。常用动词词组是：对着，对上，对不上。
- 枪口 不 要 对着 人。
- 我 喜欢 对着 镜子 笑。
- 这 两 本 账 对不上。
When to use 跟 and not 对
跟 is a proposition, and it can be used in comparison. It will often have a supplementary explanation, similar to how 和 can be used (as in 我和你一样高). 对 cannot be used this way.
“跟”是介词，引进比较的对象，一般后面还有补充说明，同“和”。“对”没有这个用法。
Structure
A + 跟 + B + （不）一样
Examples
- 我 跟 你们 不一样，我 还 有 孩子 呢。
- 上海 跟 纽约 一样，都 是 国际 大 都市。
Structure
A + 跟 + B + （不）一样 + Adjective / 小句
Examples
- 我 现在 跟 我 爸 一样 高。
- 你 跟 你 妈 一样 喜欢 买 衣服。
Structure
“跟”作连词，表示并列和联合，一般只并列名词和代词，同“和”。“对”没有这个用法。
Subject 1 跟 Subject 2 + VO
Examples
- 你 要 跟 我 一起 去 吗？
- 鲜花 跟巧克力 是 最 好 的 礼物。
Examples when to use 对 and not 跟
Structure
When 对 as a proposition, it points to a certain target,since it can mean "point to" or "toward to". 跟 can only be used this way with 说.
“对”作介词，引出动作的对象。“跟”只有在后面的动词是“说”的时候才有这样的意义。
Subject 1 对 Subject 2 + Verb
Examples
- 那 个 美女 正 对 我 笑 呢。
- 不 要 对 老板 发脾气， 不然 后果 很 严重。
Example Dialog
- A: 那 个 帅哥 在 对 我 招手！
- B: 那 你 要 跟 他 去 吗？
See also
Sources and further reading
Books
- 现代汉语八百词（增订本） (跟 p. 201) →buy
Dictionaries
- 现代汉语词典（第5版） (跟p.465 对p.343) →buy
