Difference between revisions of "Comparing "dui" and "duiyu""
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{{Grammar Box}} | {{Grammar Box}} | ||
| + | 对 (duì) and 对于 (duìyú) can be confusing because they overlap quite a bit in usage, but they are not entirely interchangeable. | ||
| − | 对 | + | == 对 and 对于 Are Equivalent When Used as a Preposition == |
| − | + | When 对 and 对于 are used as [[prepositions]], they are basically the same. As a matter of fact, when used this way 对 is just the simplification of 对于! 对于 sounds a bit more formal. | |
| − | |||
| − | When 对 and 对于 are used as [[prepositions]], they are basically the same. As a matter of fact, when used this way 对 is just the simplification of 对于! | ||
=== Structure === | === Structure === | ||
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| − | 对／对于 + | + | 对／对于 + Object + Verb |
</div> | </div> | ||
=== Examples === | === Examples === | ||
| − | + | In the following example sentences, 对 and 对于 mean the same thing. | |
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | + | * <em>对(于)</em> 这 种 事情，你 有 什么 看法？<span class="pinyin"><em>Duì</em> zhè zhǒng shìqíng, nǐ yǒu shénme kànfǎ?</span><span class="trans">As for this kind of thing, what's your perspective?</span> | |
| − | + | * 我 <em>对(于)</em> 上海 从来 没 喜欢 过 也 没 讨厌 过。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>duì</em> Shànghǎi cónglái méi xǐhuān guò yě méi tǎoyàn guò.</span><span class="trans">I've never liked or disliked Shanghai.</span> | |
| − | * <em>对</em> 这 种 事情，你 有 什么 看法？<span class="pinyin"><em>Duì</em> zhè zhǒng shìqíng, nǐ yǒu shénme kànfǎ?</span><span class="trans">As for this kind of thing, what's your perspective? | ||
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| − | |||
| − | * 我 <em>对</em> 上海 从来 没 喜欢 过 也 没 讨厌 过。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>duì</em> Shànghǎi cónglái méi xǐhuān guò yě méi tǎoyàn guò.</span><span class="trans">I've never liked or disliked Shanghai.</span> | ||
| − | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | == 对 | + | == 对 Is More Versatile within a Sentence== |
| − | 对 can be placed before the subject, | + | Both 对 and 对于 can be placed before or after the subject in a sentence. Unlike 对, however, 对于 cannot be placed after the adverb in the middle of a sentence. |
=== Examples === | === Examples === | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
| − | All of the above examples mean " | + | All of the above examples mean "we are all interested in this problem." |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | == | + | == 对 Can be Used as a Verb == |
| − | + | === As a Verb Meaning "to face" === | |
| + | When 对 is used as a verb, it expresses "to face" or "to point at." It is often used in verb phrases like 对着, 对上, 对不上. | ||
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| Line 88: | Line 81: | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | == | + | == Common Mistakes == |
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
<ul> | <ul> | ||
| − | <li class="x"> | + | <li class="x">我们 都 <em>对于</em> 这个 问题 很 感兴趣。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen dōu <em>duìyú</em> zhège wèntí hěn gǎn xìngqù.</span></li> |
| − | <li class="o"> | + | <li class="o">我们 都 <em>对</em> 这个 问题 很 感兴趣。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen dōu <em>duì</em> zhège wèntí hěn gǎn xìngqù.</span></li> |
| − | <li class="x">他 <em>对于</em> 工作 很 认真。</li> | + | <li class="x">他 <em>对于</em> 工作 很 认真。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>duìyú</em> gōngzuò hěn rènzhēn.</span></li> |
<li class="o">他 <em>对</em> 工作 很 认真。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>duì</em> gōngzuò hěn rènzhēn.</span></li> | <li class="o">他 <em>对</em> 工作 很 认真。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>duì</em> gōngzuò hěn rènzhēn.</span></li> | ||
</ul> | </ul> | ||
Revision as of 10:27, 5 December 2020
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Keywords
对 (duì) and 对于 (duìyú) can be confusing because they overlap quite a bit in usage, but they are not entirely interchangeable.
Contents
对 and 对于 Are Equivalent When Used as a Preposition
When 对 and 对于 are used as prepositions, they are basically the same. As a matter of fact, when used this way 对 is just the simplification of 对于! 对于 sounds a bit more formal.
Structure
对／对于 + Object + Verb
Examples
In the following example sentences, 对 and 对于 mean the same thing.
- 对(于) 这 种 事情，你 有 什么 看法？As for this kind of thing, what's your perspective?
- 我 对(于) 上海 从来 没 喜欢 过 也 没 讨厌 过。I've never liked or disliked Shanghai.
对 Is More Versatile within a Sentence
Both 对 and 对于 can be placed before or after the subject in a sentence. Unlike 对, however, 对于 cannot be placed after the adverb in the middle of a sentence.
Examples
- 对 这 个 问题，我们 都 很 感兴趣。
- 对于 这 个 问题，我们 都 很 感兴趣。
- 我们 对 这 个 问题 都 很 感兴趣。
- 我们 对于 这 个 问题 都 很 感兴趣。
- 我们 都 对 这 个 问题 很 感兴趣。
- 我们 都 对于 这 个 问题 很 感兴趣。
All of the above examples mean "we are all interested in this problem."
对 Can be Used as a Verb
As a Verb Meaning "to face"
When 对 is used as a verb, it expresses "to face" or "to point at." It is often used in verb phrases like 对着, 对上, 对不上.
Subj. + 对着／对上／对不上
Examples
- 枪口 不 要 对着 人。Don't point the gun at people.
- 我 喜欢 对着 镜子 笑。I like to laugh at the mirror.
- 这 两 本 账 对不上。These two accounts don't match up.
As a verb meaning "to treat"
对 as a verb can also mean to 对待, meaning "to treat." When the verb is like this, 对 can be used for people or abstract things.
A + 对 + B + Adj.
Examples
- 我 的 男 朋友 对 我 很 好。My boyfriend treats me very well.
- 他 对 工作 很 认真。He treats his work very seriously.
Common Mistakes
- 我们 都 对于 这个 问题 很 感兴趣。
- 我们 都 对 这个 问题 很 感兴趣。
- 他 对于 工作 很 认真。
- 他 对 工作 很 认真。
Example Dialog
- A: 对于 这 件 事，你 怎么 看？What do you think about this?
- B: 我 对 她 很 了解，她 不 会 这么 做 的。I understand her completely. She can't do it like this.
Sources and further reading
Books
- 对外汉语教学语法释疑201例 (pp. 81) [ →buy]
- 现代汉语八百词（增订本） (pp. 463) [ →buy]
- 卓越汉语－公司实战篇 (pp. 134) 卓越汉语－公司实战篇 →buy
Dictionaries
- 现代汉语词典（第5版） (pp. 343, 344) 卓越汉语－公司实战篇 →buy
