Advanced uses of "bei"
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Contents
Using 被 with 给
Structure
Receiver + 被 + Doer + 给 + Verb Phrase＋了
Examples
- 他 被 警察 给 抓 了。He got caught by the police.
- 这 个 老外 的 钱包 被 小偷 给 偷 了。This foreigner's wallet got stolen by a thief.
- 他 的 家 被 大火 给 烧 了。His home got burned by the fire.
- 我 的 iPad 被 老师 给 拿 走了。My iPad was taken away from me by my teacher.
- 我们 都 被 他 的 样子 给 吓 坏了。We all got so scared by the way he looks.
Using 被 with 所
这种句型非常书面语，是从古代汉语"为…所…"演化来的，"为…所…"更加正式。这种格式里，"被"后面一定要有宾语，动词多是双音节的，而且动词后通常没有其他句子成分。这种句式的作用在于强调the doer。
Structure
Receiver + 被 + Doer + 所 + Verb Phrase
Examples
- 我 深深 地 被 他 的 话 所 打动 了。I got deeply touched by what he said.
- 他 深深 地被 她 的 美 所 吸引 了。He got deeply attracted by her beauty.
- 他 做 的 事情 经常 不 被 家人 所 理解。What he does is often not understood by his family.
- 这 种 政策 是 不 被 人们 所 接受 的。This kind of policy is not accepted by the pubic.
- 这 种 行为 是 不 被 学校 所 允许 的。This kind of behavior is not allowed by the school.
Modern usage of 被
In recent years, special uses of 被 have popped up online. These uses occur with verbs which don't normally ever use 被, in order to emphasize a lack of control over the action, often including some kind of foul play or underlying statistical falsification.[1][2]
Examples included
- 被 和谐 to be harmonized)
- 被 自杀 to be suicided)
- 被 就业 to be employed)
- 被 代表 to be represented)
- 被 潜规则 to be (forced to) follow the potential rules)
Other ways to form the passive
被 is not the only way to form the passive in Mandarin Chinese. The prepositions 让 and 叫 are also used in passive constructions, which are more common. "让、叫"也多用于对主语来说不愉快或者受损害的事情. 用"让、叫"表示被动意义的句式跟"被"字句基本一样, 只是介词"让、叫"后面的宾语一定要出现。如果想增强被动意义，也可以在动词前面加"给"。
Structure
Receiver + 让 / 叫 + Doer + Verb Phrase＋了
Examples
- 他 让 人 打 了。He got beaten by someone.
- 你 叫 那 个 人 给 骗 了。You got fooled that guy.
- 那 本 书 让 人 借 走 了。Someone borrowed that book.
- 你 让 老板 给 炒 鱿鱼 了？You got fired by your boss?
- 宝宝 刚才 叫 他 给 吓 哭 了。The baby got scared by him and he just cried.
See also
References
- ↑ Suicided: the adversative passive as a form of active resistance (Victor Mair on Language Log)
- ↑ Forced disappearance: Linguistic considerations (Wikipedia)
