Emphasizing the doer of an action with "you"
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Level
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Similar to
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Used for
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Keywords
由 (yóu) is used to emphasize who is the doer or initiator of an action, a bit like in English where we might say: "Andy is the one who...."
Structure
Topic + 由 + Person + Verb
Examples
- 这 件 事 由 我 负责。I am responsible for this.
- 这 件 事 是 由 她 引起 的。The incident was caused by her.
- 这次 的 广告 是 由 他 一个人 拍摄 的。The advertisement was shot by him alone.
- 你 想 怎么样 生活,完全 由 你 自己 规划。How you want to live your life is entirely up to you.
- 你 去过 上海,那这次 就 由 你 做 导游。You have been to Shanghai before, so you will be the tour guide this time.
- 这 个 国家 的 粮食 主要 由 加拿大 进口。Canada is the main importer of food in this country.
- 这 件 事 由 我 说了 算。This is a matter for me to decide.
- 这个 规定 是 由 政府 发布 的。This is a regulation issued by the government.
- 这 是 由 他 决定 的,你 就别 干涉 了。This is for him to decide, don't meddle.
- 太 悲剧 了,会议 由 王总 主持,肯定 会 很 无聊!Oh no. This meeting is being led by the head manager. It's definitely going to be boring.
Note that 由 not a passive marker.