Negation of past actions with "meiyou"

Use 没有 (méiyǒu) to negate past actions (to say that someone didn't do something, or something didn't happen).

Structure

Usually verbs can be negated with 不, but that construction is used for habitual or present actions. If the verb is about an action in the past, though, 没有 should be used:

Subject + 没有 + Verb

Examples

• 我 没有 去 酒吧。I didn't go to a bar.
• 他们 没有 说话。They didn't speak.
• 我 没有 喝 你的 啤酒。I didn't drink your beer.
• 她 没有 看到 你。I didn't see you.
• 我 没有 吃 早饭。I didn't eat breakfast.
• 昨天 我 没有 睡觉。Yesterday I didn't sleep.
• 我 没有 买 水果。I haven't bought fruit.
• 我 太太 没有 做 饭。My wife didn't cook dinner.
• 宝宝 没有 哭。The baby didn't cry.
• 你 没有 生病。You didn't get sick.
• 我 没有 学习 中文。I didn't study Chinese.

Note that you can shorten 没有 to just 没:

• 我 没 去 酒吧。I didn't go to bar.
• 他们 没 说话。They didn't speak.
• 我 没 喝 你的 啤酒。I didn't drink your beer.
• 她 没 看到 你。I didn't see you.
• 我 没 吃 早饭。I didn't eat breakfast.
• 昨天 我 没 睡觉。Yesterday I didn't sleep.
• 我 没 买 水果。I haven't bought fruit.
• 我 太太 没 做 饭。My wife didn't cook dinner.
• 宝宝 没 哭。The baby didn't cry.
• 你 没 生病。You have not been sick.
• 我 没 学习 中文。I haven't studied Chinese.

Remember that 了 is not used with 没有. 了 marks completed actions, whilst 没有 is used for actions that didn't happen. These two don't work together. This is a very common mistake for Chinese beginners, so be sure to be cautious of it.

See also

• Negation of "you"
• Standard negation with bu

Sources and further reading

Books

• Practicing HSK Grammar (语法精讲精炼) (pp. 32) →buy
• 现代汉语八百词（增订本） (pp. 383) →buy
• Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed) (pp. 138-9) →buy

Videos

• Yoyo Chinese: Negation with 没