Passive verbs with "shou"

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One can explain 受 (shòu) in two ways, the first of which is as a passive marker, converting the verb placed after it into the passive. Here it plays a role very similar to 被. As in the first example, something or someone can be placed between 受 and the verb, 受学生的欢迎.

受 as a passive marker

Structure

受 + ([Someone / Something]) + Verb

Examples

  • 张老师的课 很 学生 的 欢迎Zhāng Lǎoshī de kè hěn shòu xuéshēng de huānyíng.Teacher Zhang's lessons are welcomed by the students.
  • 一个人 不一定 要 变得 很 有钱 或者 很 成功 才 会 尊重Yīgè rén bù yīdìng yào biàn de hěn yǒu qián huòzhě hěn chénggōng cái huì shòu rén zūnzhòng.People don't have to be rich or successful to receive respect from other people.
  • 中国 政府 很 少 老百姓 的 批评Zhōngguó zhèngfǔ hěn shǎo shòu lǎobǎixìng de pīpíng.China's government is rarely criticized by common people.
  • 冷 空气 的 影响,今天 上海 特别 冷。Shòu lěng kōngqì de yǐngxiǎng, jīntiān Shànghǎi tèbié lěng.Affected by the cold air, today Shanghai is especially cold.
  • 你 的 手机 昨晚 一直 打不通,我 想 应该 是 信号 干扰Nǐ de shǒujī zuó wǎn yīzhí dǎ bùtōng, wǒ xiǎng yīnggāi shì shòu xìn hào gānrǎo.I think your cell phone couldn't get through last night because of the signal interference.

It must be noted that if 受 is explained as a passive marker, then in the above examples 欢迎, 尊重, 批评 and 尊重 must all be treated as verbs rather than nouns, despite many of them appearing immediately after 的.

An alternative way to explain 受, is as an active verb itself, meaning "to obtain" or "to receive" when dealing with positive aspects, or "to suffer" when dealing with negative aspects. This explanation may be more accessible to native English speakers. However whichever grammatical explanation one uses, the meaning essentially remains the same.

受 as a verb

Structure

受 + (到/过) + ([Something / Someone]) + Noun / Verb

Examples

  • 张老师的课 受到 了 很多 学生 的 欢迎Zhāng Lǎoshī de kè shòudào le hěn duō xuéshēng de huānyíng.Teacher Zhang's lessons "receive" many students' welcome.
  • 一个人 不一定 要 变得 很 有钱 或者 很 成功 才 会 尊重Yīgè rén bù yīdìng yào biàn de hěn yǒu qián huòzhě hěn chénggōng cái huì shòu rén zūnzhòng.People don't have to be rich or successful to receive respect from other people.
  • 冷 空气 的 影响,今天 上海 特别 冷。Shòu lěng kōngqì de yǐngxiǎng, jīntiān Shànghǎi tèbié lěng."Suffering" the cold air's effect, today Shanghai is especially cold.
  • 我 父母 都 没 受过 很好 的 教育Wǒ fùmǔ dōu méi shòuguò hěn hǎo de jiàoyù.Neither of my parents has "received" any good education.
  • 我 在 美国 的 第一年 , 受到 很多 朋友 的 帮助Wǒ zài Měiguó de dì yī nián, shòudào le hěn duō péngyou de bāngzhù.The first year I was in the USA, I “received” a lot of help from many friends.
  • 因为 期末 考试 没 考 好,他 受到 了 老师 的 批评Yīnwèi qīmò kǎoshì méi kǎo hǎo, tā shòudào le lǎoshī de pīpíng.He received the teacher's criticism because he didn't do well in the final exam.
  • 拐卖 孩子 的 人 应该 受到 法律 的 严惩Guǎimài háizi de rén yīnggāi shòudào fǎlǜ de yánchéng.People who traffic kids should receive severe punishment from the law.

It must be noted that on the occasions when 受 is followed immediately by 到 or 过,it is preferable to consider 受 as a verb.

See also

Sources and further reading

Books

Dictionaries

HSK5