Result complements

结果补语十分常见,一些口语中常用的形容词和单音节动词都可以做结果补语。

Using Adjectives

好 (hǎo): It implies that something is complete or done well. Forming a result complement with 好 has a very similar meaning to forming one with 完. It expresses that the action has been completed successfully.

错 (cuò): It's used to express making mistakes. To express that an action resulted in an error, you can use a result complement with 错. This covers what is often expressed with the adverb "incorrectly" in English.

其他常见的做补语的形容词:晚、饱、坏、破、清楚、明白、干净。

Structure

When using result complements, it's very common to make the object a topic. This means the object is said first and the subject is often omitted:

Verb + Adj. + 了

否定形式一般用"没",表示假设或意愿时,可以用"不":

没 + Verb + Adj.

Examples

  • 我们 吃 了 。Wǒmen chī hǎo le.We finished eating.
  • 作业 做 了 吗 ?Zuòyè zuò hǎo le ma ? Did you finish doing your homework?
  • 这 个 字 写 了。Zhège zì xiě cuò le.You wrote this character wrong.
  • 我 没 记 Wǒ méi jì cuò.I didn't remember wrongly.
  • 你们 来 了 。Nǐmen lái wǎn le.You came late.
  • 你 没 吃 吗 ?Nǐ méi chī bǎo ma?Are you not full?
  • 弟弟 玩 了 哥哥 的 玩具 。 Dìdi wán huài le gēge de wánjù..
  • 宝宝 的 头 是 怎么 撞 的 ?Bǎobǎo de tóu shì zěnme zhuàng de?.
  • 杯子 是 谁 摔 的 ?Bēizi shì shéi shuāi huài de?.
  • 大家 都 听 清楚 了 吗 ? Dàjiā dōu tīng qīngchu le ma?Does everyone hear this clearly?
  • 房间 打扫 干净 了 吗 ?Fángjiān nǐ dǎsǎo gānjìng le ma?Is your room all cleaned up?
  • 衣服 没 洗 干净Yīfu méi gānjìng. .

Using One-syllable Verb

除了一些单音节形容词和双音节形容词可以做结果补语,少量单音节动词也可以做结果补语。如"见、懂、走、掉"等,这类动词非常有限。

要注意的是:"掉"有"离开、分离"的意义,跟"掉"搭配的动词也必须有"离开、分离"的意义。

Examples

  • 老师 拿 了 我 的 iPad 。 Lǎoshī ná zǒu le wǒ de iPad.The teacher took away my iPad.
  • 小偷 偷 了 我 的钱包 。 Xiǎotōu tōu zǒu le wǒ de qiánbāo.The thief stole my wallet.
  • 不要 了,扔 吧 。Bù yào le, rēng diào bā. .
  • 太 热 了 ,外套 脱 吧 。 Tài rè le, wàitào tuō diào bā.It‘s too hot. Let's take off our jackets.
  • 我 刚刚 卖 了 我 的 旧 手机 。Wǒ gānggāng mài diào le wǒ de jiù shǒujī. .
  • 这 件 事 我 已经 忘 了 。 Zhè jiàn shì wǒ yǐjīng wàng diào le. .

See also

All result complements work particularly well in a 把 sentence.

Sources and further reading

Books