Result complements
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Level
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Similar to
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Used for
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Keywords
结果补语十分常见，一些口语中常用的形容词和单音节动词都可以做结果补语。
Contents
Using Adjectives
好 (hǎo): It implies that something is complete or done well. Forming a result complement with 好 has a very similar meaning to forming one with 完. It expresses that the action has been completed successfully.
错 (cuò): It's used to express making mistakes. To express that an action resulted in an error, you can use a result complement with 错. This covers what is often expressed with the adverb "incorrectly" in English.
其他常见的做补语的形容词：晚、饱、坏、破、清楚、明白、干净。
Structure
When using result complements, it's very common to make the object a topic. This means the object is said first and the subject is often omitted:
Verb + Adj. + 了
否定形式一般用"没"，表示假设或意愿时，可以用"不"：
没 + Verb + Adj.
Examples
- 我们 吃 好 了 。We finished eating.
- 作业 做 好 了 吗 ？Did you finish doing your homework?
- 这 个 字 写 错 了。You wrote this character wrong.
- 我 没 记 错 。I didn't remember wrongly.
- 你们 来 晚 了 。You came late.
- 你 没 吃 饱 吗 ？Are you not full?
- 弟弟 玩 坏 了 哥哥 的 玩具 。 .
- 宝宝 的 头 是 怎么 撞 破 的 ？.
- 杯子 是 谁 摔 坏 的 ？.
- 大家 都 听 清楚 了 吗 ？ Does everyone hear this clearly?
- 房间 打扫 干净 了 吗 ？Is your room all cleaned up?
- 衣服 没 洗 干净 。 .
Using One-syllable Verb
除了一些单音节形容词和双音节形容词可以做结果补语，少量单音节动词也可以做结果补语。如"见、懂、走、掉"等，这类动词非常有限。
要注意的是："掉"有"离开、分离"的意义，跟"掉"搭配的动词也必须有"离开、分离"的意义。
Examples
- 老师 拿 走 了 我 的 iPad 。 The teacher took away my iPad.
- 小偷 偷 走 了 我 的钱包 。 The thief stole my wallet.
- 不要 了，扔掉 吧 。I don't want it any more. Throw it away.
- 太 热 了 ，外套 脱 掉 吧 。 It‘s too hot. Let's take off our jackets.
- 我 刚刚 卖 掉 了 我 的 旧 手机 。I just sold my old cell phone.
See also
All result complements work particularly well in a 把 sentence.
Sources and further reading
Books
- Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed) (pp. 43- 4) →buy
- Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1 (pp. 233-4) →buy
