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  • Have
    Create Translation
    23 bytes (2 words) - 03:07, 18 March 2013

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  • Expressing "have to" with "budebu"
    ... 我们 不得不 爬楼梯 。Diàntī yòu huài le, wǒmen bùdébù pá lóutī.The elevator is broken again. We have to take the stairs. 你 真 会 说话 ，这一点 我们 不得不 佩服 。Nǐ zhēn huì ...
    3 KB (492 words) - 09:16, 14 January 2021
  • Expressing "have to" with budebu
    REDIRECT Expressing "have to" with "budebu"
    48 bytes (6 words) - 08:41, 9 November 2020
  • Have
    Create Translation
    23 bytes (2 words) - 03:07, 18 March 2013
  • Negation of "you" with "mei"
    ... 的 老师 现在 没有 男朋友。 Wǒ de lǎoshī xiànzài méiyǒu nánpéngyou.My teacher doesn't have a boyfriend now. 他们 都 没有 电脑 吗？Tāmen dōu méiyǒu diànnǎo ma?Do they all ...
    5 KB (791 words) - 09:20, 20 April 2021
  • Beginner Guide to Chinese Grammar
    ... camera," 有 (yǒu) can indicate this type of possession. 我 有 钱。Wǒ yǒu qián.I have money. 他 有 两 个 女儿 。Tā yǒu liǎng gè nǚér.He has two daughters. 你 ...
    15 KB (2,464 words) - 16:44, 19 April 2020
  • Learner FAQ
    ... 5,000 characters for the amount of characters one needs to know to have a decent amount of fluency in reading things like novels and newspapers, and ...
    7 KB (1,084 words) - 09:05, 26 November 2013
  • Expressing possession with "you"
    ... has two companies. 你 有 一百 块 钱 吗？Nǐ yǒu yī bǎi kuài qián ma?Do you have 100 kuài RMB? 你 的 老师 有 iPad 吗？Nǐ de lǎoshī yǒu iPad ma?Does your teacher ...
    3 KB (458 words) - 09:20, 20 April 2021
  • Chinese word order
    ... a student. He isn't either. 我 没 去过 美国。他 也 没 去过。I have not gone to the USA. He also hasn't gone. Mnemonic Trick One way to remember the word ...
    15 KB (1,942 words) - 03:56, 22 November 2020
  • Editor instructions
    ... interns at AllSet Learning, please consult with other members of the team and have them come up with example sentences. If you come up with your own ...
    14 KB (2,421 words) - 01:27, 22 July 2015
  • Expressing experiences with "guo"
    ... about this question before. 我 没 学 过 这 个 词 。 Wǒ méi xué guo zhège cí.I have never studied this word before. 妈妈 没 买 过 很 贵 的 衣服。 Māma méi mǎi guo ...
    5 KB (706 words) - 08:56, 21 April 2021
  • Expressing "if it were not for" with "yaobushi"
    ... 早就 见面 了。Yàobùshì nǐ zhème máng, wǒmen zǎojiù jiànmiàn le.If you hadn't been so busy, we'd have met long ago. 要不是 你 刚才 说 错 话，他 是 不 会 生气 的。Yàobùshì nǐ ...
    3 KB (514 words) - 09:22, 14 January 2021
  • Expressing "must" with "dei"
    ... 时间 不 早 了，我 得 回家 了。Shíjiān bù zǎo le, wǒ děi huíjiā le.It's getting late. I have to go home. 他 是 你 弟弟 ，你 得 帮 他 。Tā shì nǐ dìdi, nǐ děi bāng tā.He is ...
    4 KB (546 words) - 07:38, 22 April 2019
  • Expressing ongoing duration with double "le"
    ... 洗澡 洗 了 差不多 一 个 小时 了。Nǐ xǐzǎo xǐ le chàbuduō yī gè xiǎoshí le.You have been showering for almost an hour. 妈妈 看电视 看 了 一 晚上 了。 Māma kàn diànshì kàn le ...
    5 KB (734 words) - 08:01, 4 March 2019
  • Expressing good luck with "haihao"
    ... 到 了 。Háihǎo wǒmen dǎchē lái de, bùrán jiù chídào le.Luckily, we came by taxi. Otherwise we would have been late. 还好 我 妈 没 看到 ，不然 她 肯定 要 生气 。Háihǎo wǒ ...
    4 KB (614 words) - 08:49, 24 April 2019
  • Expressing "no" (noun) "to" (verb) with "wu... ke..."
    ... fángzi, wǒ xiànzài wú chǔ kě qù.My lease is up, but I haven't found a new place yet, so I have nowhere to go. 很 多 30岁 以上 的 女演员 说 自己 无 戏 可 拍。Hěn duō ...
    4 KB (657 words) - 08:35, 16 December 2020
  • Separable verb
    ... 见 你 。Here, 见 is the verb and 你 is the object.Wǒ méiyǒu shíjiān jiàn nǐ.I don't have time to meet you. 我 没有 时间 见面 你 。面 is the object, so adding 你 after ...
    16 KB (2,510 words) - 02:18, 14 March 2019
  • Comparing "bu" and "mei"
    ... Obj. Examples 我 不 有 钱。Wǒ bù yǒu qián. 我 没有 钱。Wǒ méiyǒu qián.I don't have money. 他 不 有 女朋友。Tā bù yǒu nǚpéngyou. 他 没有 女朋友。Tā méiyǒu nǚpéngyou.He ...
    17 KB (2,625 words) - 02:55, 31 December 2021
  • Comparing "kending" "queding" and “yiding"
    ... 了 三 个 人，还 差 一 个。Yǐjīng quèdìng le sān gè rén, hái chà yī gè.Three people have already been confirmed, and one more is needed. 你 确定 他 是 我们 要 找 的 人 吗 ...
    9 KB (1,327 words) - 02:48, 18 December 2020
  • Affirmative-negative question
    ... form, similar to how in English we can say, "Do you have money or not?" or "Have you or have you not been to the park?" This sentence pattern feels a ...
    9 KB (1,407 words) - 08:55, 21 April 2021
  • Part of speech
    ... is because Mandarin words rarely have these telltale morphological markers. Yes ... speech, it's difficult if you don't have a full grasp of the functions ...
    7 KB (1,166 words) - 03:42, 29 November 2013
  • Using "ba" sentences
    ... you form questions with 把 sentences though. Remember that you have to have a definite object, and you have to describe what was done to that object. A ...
    15 KB (2,034 words) - 02:55, 31 December 2021
  • Style guide
    ... In particular, <li> and <tr>. If you need to style these individually, you have to insert an HTML list or table, still wrapped in the appropriate div ...
    14 KB (2,278 words) - 03:18, 8 July 2021
  • Using "guo" with "le"
    ... has already eaten (a meal). 我 已经 刷 过 牙 了。 Wǒ yǐjīng shuā guo yá le.I have already brushed my teeth. 他 已经 洗 过 澡 了。 Tā yǐjīng xǐ guo zǎo le.He has ...
    7 KB (1,068 words) - 08:57, 21 April 2021
  • Expressing "never" with "conglai"
    ... 你 从来 没有 想 过 这 个 问题 吗？Nǐ cónglái méiyǒu xiǎng guo zhège wèntí ma? Have you never thought about this question? 她 从来 没 见 过 她 妈妈。Tā cónglái méi jiàn guo ...
    5 KB (793 words) - 04:52, 9 March 2019
  • Expressing "thanks to" with "duokui"
    ... hěn yánzhòng.It was a good thing you took her to the hospital, otherwise her condition could have gotten really serious. 多亏 了 你 的 建议 ，不然 我 真 不 知道 怎 ...
    5 KB (784 words) - 03:18, 4 January 2021
  • Comparing "zai" and "you"
    ... . 明天 又 要 开会，真 烦 人 。 Míngtiān yòu yào kāi huì, zhēn fán rén.We're having another meeting tomorrow. So annoying 你 又 要 辞职 了 ？ 为什么 ？ Nǐ yòu yào cízhí ...
    10 KB (1,603 words) - 07:24, 19 January 2021
  • Comparing "yizhi" and "yixiang"
    ... you. 雨 一直 在 下，我 没 办法 出去。Yǔ yīzhí zàixià, wǒ méi bànfǎ chūqù.It's constantly raining, I have no way to go out. 一直 往前 走，你 会 看到 地铁站 在你 右边。Yīzhí wǎng ...
    4 KB (706 words) - 10:05, 23 December 2020
  • Declaring the only option with "zhihao"
    ... line. 他 没有 时间 去 ，只好 我 去 。Tā méiyǒu shíjiān qù, zhǐhǎo wǒ qù.He doesn't have time to go, so I have to go. 老板 不 给 我 涨 工资 ，我 只好 去 干私活 。Lǎobǎn bù gěi wǒ ...
    3 KB (521 words) - 09:27, 14 January 2021
  • Simple rhetorical questions
    ... it on the table? A: 我们 什么 时候 开会？Wǒmen shénme shíhou kāi huì?When are we having the meeting? B:不 是 已经 告诉 你 了 吗 ？Bù shì yǐjīng gàosu nǐ le ma?Haven't I ...
    7 KB (1,110 words) - 08:57, 21 April 2021
  • Ba-test
    ... you form questions with 把 sentences though. Remember that you have to have a definite object, and you have to describe what was done to that object. A ...
    12 KB (1,773 words) - 03:08, 29 December 2021
  • Expressing "only if" with "zhiyou"
    ... guò le, nǐ cái néng shuō hǎo bu hǎochī.You can only tell if it's good or not if you have eaten it before. 只有 学习 了 拼音，你 才 能 更 好 地 学 汉字。Zhǐyǒu xuéxí ...
    5 KB (844 words) - 03:02, 29 December 2020
  • Expressing "small quantity" with "jiu"
    ... Noun Examples 这里 就 一 个 厕所 ？Zhèlǐ jiù yī gè cèsuǒ?Does this place only have one bathroom? 你们 家 就 一 个 孩子 吗 ？Nǐmen jiā jiù yī gè háizi ma?Does ...
    5 KB (805 words) - 08:14, 26 November 2018
  • Tricky uses of "dao"
    ... get in contact? 你 知道 他 的 联系 方式 吗 ？Nǐ zhīdào tā de liánxì fāngshì ma?Do you have his contact information? 我 想 跟 你 联系 ，但是 一直 联系 不 到 你 。Wǒ xiǎng gēn nǐ ...
    9 KB (1,342 words) - 07:27, 17 December 2020
  • Taiwanese "you"
    ... Subj. + 有 + Verb + 过 + Obj. Examples 我 有 去 过 中国 。Wǒ yǒu qù guò Zhōngguó.I have been to China. 我 有 学 过 这 个 词 。Wǒ yǒu xué guò zhège cí.I ...
    7 KB (987 words) - 02:07, 18 December 2020
  • Adjective
    ... only has one, the 的 is required, (e.g. 好看的画). If both have two characters, the 的 is optional just as it is with single character adjectives. These ...
    4 KB (492 words) - 04:05, 25 April 2017
  • Using "bei" sentences
    ... to be used with 被 needs to have an object (this will become the new ... 走 了 吗 ？Nàxiē shū bèi jiè zǒu le ma?Have those books been borrowed? 他 被 谁 打 的 ？Tā ...
    11 KB (1,638 words) - 08:58, 18 January 2021
  • Questions with "le ma"
    ... you finishing doing homework? 这 个 电影 你 看 了 吗 ？Zhège diànyǐng nǐ kàn le ma? Have you seen this movie? 我 的 邮件 你 收到 了 吗 ？ Wǒ de yóujiàn nǐ shōudào le ...
    3 KB (470 words) - 09:23, 20 April 2021
  • Emphasizing quantity with "dou"
    ... 我 的 很 多 朋友 都 有 车。Wǒ de hěn duō péngyou dōu yǒu chē.A lot of my friends have cars. 很 多 美国人 都 喜欢 喝 咖啡 。 Hěn duō Měiguó rén dōu xǐhuan hē kāfēi.A lot ...
    7 KB (1,077 words) - 08:55, 21 April 2021
  • Big numbers in Chinese
    ... going to 一千万 (yīqiān wàn) is way easier and faster, since you don't have to count all those zeroes. The recommended shortcuts are: 一百万 frequently a ...
    7 KB (1,089 words) - 06:47, 10 April 2019
  • Expressing "since the beginning" with "yixiang"
    ... 一直 should be used : 中国 的 经济 一向 都 在 快速 发展 。It must have started developing at some point.Zhōngguó de jīngjì yīxiàng dōu zài kuàisù fāzhǎn. 中国 的 经济 一直 ...
    5 KB (706 words) - 09:32, 14 January 2021
  • Expressing "in addition" with "lingwai"
    ... 不 能 另外 安排 时间 ？Jīntiān wǒ méi kòng, néng bu néng lìngwài ānpái shíjiān?I don't have time today. Can you schedule it another time? 在 我家 开会 不 方便 ，我们 另外 ...
    5 KB (717 words) - 08:45, 3 November 2020
  • Expressing "within (it/them)" with "qizhong"
    ... 有 四 辆 汽车，其中 三 辆 都 是 宝马。Wǒ yǒu sì liàng qìchē, qízhòng sān liàng dōu shì Bǎomǎ.I have four cars. Of them, three are BMW's. 到处 都 有 孤独 的 人，我 只 是 其中 一 个 ...
    4 KB (645 words) - 07:21, 29 December 2020
  • Expressing "unless" with "chufei"
    ... . 除非 你 有 证据 ，不然 谁 会 相信 ？Chúfēi nǐ yǒu zhèngjù, bùrán shéi huì xiāngxìn?Unless you have proof, who is going to believe it? 除非 你 是 名牌 大学 毕业 的 ，否则 老板 不 ...
    6 KB (1,000 words) - 07:37, 19 January 2021
  • Softening the tone of questions with "ne"
    ... qù Miǎndiàn ne, háishì Tàiguó ne? Wǒ děi xiǎng yi xiǎng Should I go to Myanmar or Thailand? I have to think a bit 咱们 打 游戏 呢 ，还是 泡吧 呢 ，我 都 可以！Zánmen ...
    6 KB (848 words) - 09:47, 18 January 2021
  • Expressing "all along" with "yizhi"
    ... yīzhí zài zhè jiā gōngsī gōngzuò ma? Have you always worked in this company? ... Nǐmen yīzhí zhù zài yīqǐ ma? Have you always been living together? ...
    4 KB (543 words) - 09:20, 2 April 2019
  • Comparing "cai" and "jiu"
    ... 人，你 才 点 了 三 个 菜。 Wǒmen yǒu zhème duō rén, nǐ cái diǎn le sān gè cài.We have so many people and you only ordered three dishes. 我 买 了 这么 多 东西，才 花 了 五 ...
    9 KB (1,300 words) - 09:28, 17 December 2020
  • Comparing "hui," "neng," "keyi"
    ... means "know how to," 能 means "to be able to," and 可以 means "to have permission to." This is a useful way of thinking about them, but in reality their ...
    11 KB (1,719 words) - 08:55, 21 April 2021
  • Using "ji" to mean "several"
    ... 我 每 天 都 要 喝 几 杯 咖啡。Wǒ měi tiān dōu yào hē jǐ bēi kāfēi.Every day I have to drink a couple cups of coffee. 老板 今天 开 了 几 个 重要 的 会。Lǎobǎn jīntiān kāi ...
    6 KB (1,035 words) - 08:54, 21 April 2021
  • Advanced uses of "zong"
    ... come back. 咱们 总 得 想 个 办法 啊。Zánmen zǒng děi xiǎng ge bànfǎ a.We're going to have to come up with some kind of solution. 不管 发生 了 什么，人 总 要 吃饭 吧。Bùguǎn ...
    5 KB (696 words) - 03:00, 27 January 2022
  • The "shi... de" patterns: an overview
    ... know what noun you are referring to. Having the 的 take the place of the ... In the example above, you might have noticed something funny with the object of ...
    10 KB (1,582 words) - 08:55, 21 April 2021
  • Advanced "le" after an object
    ... 你 到 了 家 给 我 打 电话 。future actionNǐ dào le jiā gěi wǒ dǎ diànhuà.After you have arrived home, call me. 我 下 了 课 去 找 你 。future actionWǒ xià le kè qù zhǎo ...
    12 KB (1,968 words) - 09:45, 18 January 2021
  • Noun
    ... be counted with measure word s in Chinese. Notes 名词 Nouns have four main characteristics: The majority of the time, they are modified by a ...
    3 KB (412 words) - 09:20, 22 January 2017
  • To-do
    ... 受 (there is an article in B2 “as a passive marker," but maybe there are other uses of this that we don't have) 有讲究&讲究 哪有 当记者哪有你说的那么容易。 给我 + Verb 给 ...
    9 KB (703 words) - 06:31, 26 November 2020
  • Result complement
    ... 窗户 吧，今天 不 冷 了。 - Result complements in 把 sentences You might have noticed that quite a few of the example sentences in this article are Ba ...
    11 KB (1,346 words) - 09:48, 27 February 2019
  • Degree complement
    ... all. 找 不 到 孩子 ，妈妈 急 坏了 。Zhǎo bu dào háizi, māma jí huàile.Having not found the child, the mother was an anxious wreck. Note that 死 can also act as a ...
    12 KB (1,800 words) - 08:57, 21 April 2021
  • The "shi... de" construction for emphasizing details
    ... 用 Skype 开 会 的 。Wǒmen píngshí shì yòng Skype kāi huì de.We usually have meetings by Skype. For the most part, you should be fine regularly putting 的 at ...
    16 KB (2,467 words) - 09:23, 20 April 2021
  • Inability with "mei banfa"
    ... 有 wifi，我 没 办法 上网。Zhèlǐ méiyǒu wifi，wǒ méi bànfǎ shàngwǎng.There is no wifi here, so I have no way of going online. 他 很 笨，我 没 办法 跟 他 一起 工作。Tā hěn bèn ...
    3 KB (536 words) - 08:16, 10 April 2019
  • Conceding with "ba"
    ... Xíng ba, dànshì bù néng dài nǚhái.All right, but you can't bring girls. Now B is having a friend cancel plans on him. Not a good day for B A:我 今天 不 太 ...
    4 KB (661 words) - 08:54, 21 April 2021
  • Measure words in quantity questions
    ... here? 你 带 了 几 件 衣服？ Nǐ dài le jǐ jiàn yīfu?How many pieces of clothing have you brought? 老板 每 天 工作 几 个 小时 ？ Lǎobǎn měi tiān gōngzuò jǐ gè xiǎoshí ...
    4 KB (529 words) - 09:23, 20 April 2021
  • Adjectives with "name" and "zheme"
    ... In Chinese, 那么 (nàme) and 这么 (zhème) serve the same function. Structure All you have to do to use this grammar structure is put the 那么 or 这么 in ...
    4 KB (608 words) - 07:55, 14 May 2019
  • Cause and effect with "yinwei" and "suoyi"
    ... 你 打 电话。Wǒ tài máng le, suǒyǐ méiyǒu shíjiān gěi nǐ dǎ diànhuà.I was too busy, so I didn't have time to give you a call. 我们 公司 有 很 多 外国人，所以 我们 要 说 英文 ...
    7 KB (1,024 words) - 08:57, 21 April 2021
  • Expressing "in addition" with "haiyou"
    ... , bù néng dài chǒngwù.You need to pay the deposit before using the room. Also, you're not allowed to have pets here. 先生 ，这里 不能 抽烟 。还有 ，请 你们 声音 小 一点 ...
    4 KB (634 words) - 02:37, 17 December 2020
  • Expressing "if… then…" with "yaoshi"
    ... 了 。Yàobùshì dǔchē, wǒ zǎo jiù dào le.If it weren't for the traffic jam, I would have gotten here much sooner. 要 不 是 亲眼 看到 ，我 也 不 相信 。Yàobùshì qīnyǎn ...
    6 KB (818 words) - 08:07, 17 December 2020
  • Listing things with "a"
    ... shuō pāizhào a, kàn shìpín a, tīng gē a, dōu kěyǐ.Cell phones have many features like taking photos, watching videos, and listening to music. They can ...
    4 KB (668 words) - 02:37, 29 December 2020
  • Passive verbs with "shou"
    ... respected. 我 受 人 嘱托 来 给 你 送 一些 钱。Wǒ shòu rén zhǔtuō lái nǐ sòng yīxiē qián.I have been asked to deliver some money to you. 你 的 手机 昨晚 一直 打不通，我 想 应该 ...
    5 KB (783 words) - 06:16, 29 December 2020
  • Expressing "even if…" with "jishi"
    ... 钱 ，我 也 要 嫁给 他 。Jíshǐ tā méi qián, wǒ yě yào jià gěi tā.Even if he doesn't have money, I'm still going to marry him. 即使 你 很 有钱 ，也 买不到 幸福 。Jíshǐ nǐ hěn ...
    4 KB (647 words) - 07:35, 17 December 2020
  • Modal particle "ne"
    ... back yet. 我们 的 工作 还 有 很多 呢。Wǒmen de gōngzuò hái yǒu hěn duō ne.We still have a lot of work. 我们 一起 吃饭 吧，时间 还 有 很多 呢。Wǒmen yīqǐ chīfàn ba, shíjiān ...
    3 KB (497 words) - 08:57, 21 April 2021
  • Opportune timing with "chen"
    ... 现在 有 假期 ，我们 可以 去 旅游 。Chèn wǒ xiànzài yǒu jiàqī, wǒmen kěyǐ qù lǚyóu.While I have vacation days, we can go traveling. 趁 孩子 睡着 的 时候，我 洗 了 很 多 衣服。Chèn ...
    3 KB (502 words) - 09:40, 14 January 2021
  • Comparing "yihou" "ranhou" "houlai"
    ... tā le Tā chūguó yǐhòu nǐmen jiàn guo miàn ma?Sure. I haven't seen her in so long Have you seen each other since she went abroad? A: 见 过 一次 ，后来 再也 没见 ...
    8 KB (1,192 words) - 07:39, 19 January 2021
  • Comparing "guanyu" and "duiyu"
    ... Duìyú zhège wèntí, nǐmen hái yǒu shénme yìjiàn?As for this issue, what other thoughts do you all have? Example Dialog A: 我们 今天 的 会议 内容 是 讨论 一下 ...
    6 KB (881 words) - 02:44, 17 December 2020
  • Old Main Page 1
    ... to support this project.'' Some of the key reference materials for this wiki have been: http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0520066103/ref=as_li_ss_il ...
    10 KB (1,326 words) - 09:10, 20 October 2016
  • Idiomatic phrases with "zai"
    ... ，你 比 我 有经验 。Zài guǎnlǐ fāngmiàn, nǐ bǐ wǒ yǒu jīngyàn.When it comes to management, you have more experience than I do. 中西方 文化 在 很多 方面 都 有 共同点 。Zhōng ...
    6 KB (832 words) - 09:47, 9 November 2020
  • Distinguishing word
    ... can. If you're not aware that some words are "special," you'll likely have difficulty making natural sentences, and you won't know why. It really all ...
    3 KB (337 words) - 09:25, 28 November 2018
  • Saying "a lot" with "youdeshi"
    ... 家 有的是 ，这些 都 送给 你 。Zhèyàng de bǐ wǒ jiā yǒudeshì, zhèxiē dōu sòng gěi nǐ.I have tons of this kind of pen at home. Here, just take these. 这样 的 资源 网上 有的 ...
    3 KB (542 words) - 09:47, 14 January 2021
  • Placement of "le" with objects
    ... it? 我们 来 这儿 以前 吃 了 饭 了。We did have our dinner before we came here . 他 问了 经理 了， 经 ... . 你 请 了 几 个 朋友？How many friends have you invited? 老师 问 了 五 个 问题 ...
    6 KB (698 words) - 04:10, 25 April 2017
  • Advanced potential complements
    ... he be able to walk that far? 今晚 我 有 事 ，去 不 了 。Jīn wǎn wǒ yǒushì, qù buliǎo.I have things to do tonight. I won't be able to go. 这 件 衣服 太 小 了 ，我 穿 不 了 ...
    8 KB (1,173 words) - 02:44, 29 December 2020
  • Expressing "the other" with "lingwai"
    ... plans to stay in Beijing for five days. Three of the days are for going out and having fun. The other two days for visiting friends. 我们 公司 和 另外 两 家 ...
    4 KB (632 words) - 08:02, 22 April 2019
  • Expressing "why" with "hebi"
    ... 何必"直接加名词性成分。如： 何必 下周 ？这 周 我 就 有 时间 。Why next week?(Why wait?) I have time this week. 何必 总经理 ？经理 也 可以 做 代表 。Why the general manager? The manager can ...
    3 KB (263 words) - 07:10, 15 May 2018
  • A2 Grammar Course
    ... instructions on how to prepare and get the most out of your lesson. You will have ''up to 60 days'' to use all 10 lessons, but we recommend at least 2 ...
    6 KB (920 words) - 15:47, 15 October 2018
  • Polite requests with "qing"
    ... 。Qǐng bùyào chídào.Please do not be late. 请 尝 一 尝 。Qǐng cháng yī cháng.Please have a taste. 请 你 说 得 慢 一点 。Qǐng nǐ shuō de màn yīdiǎn.Please speak ...
    4 KB (567 words) - 09:21, 20 April 2021
  • Main Page
    ... Pinyin Popup Plugins All of our A1 and A2 grammar points have pinyin throughout, but if you want pinyin for ''all'' the Chinese characters ...
    11 KB (1,514 words) - 12:21, 20 February 2024
  • Contact
    ... 0/ Creative Commons license ), so you have nothing to lose by contributing. In ... / AllSet Learning's interns have also made significant contributions ...
    1 KB (160 words) - 16:57, 28 March 2015
  • Pronoun
    ... pronouns (who, what). Pronouns can go anywhere that a noun goes, but you have to be sure to use the right kind. If you are talking about a person ...
    2 KB (303 words) - 04:18, 30 May 2016
  • Causative verbs
    ... 不 听话 ，你 叫 我 怎么办 ？Tā bù tīnghuà, nǐ jiào wǒ zěnmebàn?He won't listen. What would you have me do? 他 偷偷 约 别的 女孩 ，你 叫 我 怎么 想 ？Tā tōutōu yuē bié de nǚhái ...
    5 KB (721 words) - 03:19, 11 March 2019
  • Rhetorical questions
    ... jìnqù ma? Nǐ yǒu piào ma? (Nǐ méi piào.)You want to come in? Do you even have a ticket?(You don't have a ticket.) 他 要 来 我 家？我 认识 他 吗？（我 不 认识 他。）Tā ...
    6 KB (926 words) - 03:06, 17 December 2020
  • Direction complement
    ... direction of a verb. Verbs often already have some inherent movement implied, but by ... direction complements, have additional idiomatic meanings ...
    14 KB (2,058 words) - 03:11, 29 December 2020
  • Basic sentence order
    ... order is very similar to English word order. These similarities definitely have their limits, though; don't expect the two languages' word orders to ...
    6 KB (1,007 words) - 09:20, 20 April 2021
  • Connecting nouns with "shi"
    ... shì bu shì Zhōngguó rén? Are you Chinese? 你 到 了，是 吗 ？Nǐ dào le, shì ma? You have arrived, yeah? 你 有 两 个 孩子，是 吗 ？Nǐ yǒu liǎng gè háizi, shì ma? You ...
    5 KB (823 words) - 09:20, 20 April 2021
  • Structure of numbers
    ... One to One Hundred Structure for the First Ten You just have to memorize these ten; nothing tricky there. Numeral Character Pinyin 1 一 yī ...
    10 KB (1,641 words) - 09:22, 20 April 2021
  • Measure word "ge"
    ... 是 个 老外。Tā shì gè lǎowài.He is a foreigner. 我 有 个 儿子。Wǒ yǒu gè érzi.I have a son. 她 是 个 好 老师。Tā shì gè hǎo lǎoshī.She is a good teacher. 你 想 吃 个 ...
    4 KB (576 words) - 09:21, 20 April 2021
  • How to do something with "zenme"
    ... subject can often be omitted from general "how to" questions, and there doesn't always have to be an object. Examples 你们 怎么 学 中文？Nǐmen zěnme ...
    4 KB (552 words) - 09:23, 20 April 2021
  • Expressing existence with "you"
    Grammar Box The verb 有 (yǒu), which means "to have," can also be used to express existence. This is similar to saying "there is" or "there are" in ...
    3 KB (462 words) - 09:21, 20 April 2021
  • Suggestions with "ba"
    ... .Gěi wǒ liǎng gè ba.Give me two. 喝 水 吧。This is a suggestion.Hē shuǐ ba.Have some water. 我们 去 香港 吧。This is a great suggestion Wǒmen qù Xiānggǎng ba ...
    3 KB (485 words) - 09:22, 20 April 2021
  • Reduplication of verbs
    ... 现在 有时间 吗？我们 聊一聊 吧。Nǐ xiànzài yǒu shíjiān ma? Wǒmen liáo yī liáo ba.Do you have a second? Let's chat for a bit. 你 想 尝 一 尝 我 做 的 菜 吗？Nǐ xiǎng cháng yī ...
    5 KB (743 words) - 08:53, 21 April 2021
  • Indicating location with "zai" before verbs
    ... 你 想 在 哪儿 开 生日 派对？Nǐ xiǎng zài nǎr kāi shēngrì pàiduì? Where do you want to have the birthday party? 他 喜欢 在 厕所 里 抽烟。In addition to "在" you need a "里 ...
    4 KB (694 words) - 09:22, 20 April 2021
  • Using "dao" to mean "to go to"
    ... Wǒ gāng dào jiā.I just got home. 你 到 机场 了 吗？ Nǐ dào jīchǎng le ma?Have you arrived at the airport? 我 已经 到 火车站 了。 Wǒ yǐjīng dào huǒchēzhàn le.I've ...
    5 KB (882 words) - 08:53, 21 April 2021
  • After a specific time with "yihou"
    ... 午饭 以后 ， 我们 要 开会。Chī wán wǔfàn yǐhòu, wǒmen yào kāihuì.We are going to have a meeting after we finish lunch. 几年 以后 ，我们 公司 会 更 大。Jǐ nián yǐhòu, wǒmen ...
    4 KB (623 words) - 09:20, 20 April 2021
  • Continuation with "hai"
    ... ? Míngtiān bù shì yǒu kǎoshì ma?You're still playing video games? Don't you have an exam tomorrow? Usage of 还是 Here 还是 (háishì)--not literally ...
    5 KB (814 words) - 08:54, 21 April 2021
  • Measure words for counting
    ... classifiers in linguistics which are common in East Asian languages. Measure words have a number of important uses, but one of the first ways you'll ...
    5 KB (781 words) - 08:54, 21 April 2021
  • Reduplication of adjectives
    ... a blast. 来 ，喝 点 酒 ，高兴 高兴 。Lái, hē diǎn jiǔ, gāoxìng gāoxìng.Come on, have a little wine and enjoy yourself. 到 这里 来 凉快 凉快 。Dào zhèlǐ lái liángkuai ...
    8 KB (1,168 words) - 07:40, 13 November 2020
  • Expressing earliness with "jiu"
    ... 我们 九点 上课 ，他 八点 就 来 了 。Wǒmen jiǔ diǎn shàngkè, tā bā diǎn jiù lái le.We have class at nine, but he came in at eight. 飞机 十点 起飞 ，他 六点 就 到 机场 了 。Fēijī ...
    6 KB (930 words) - 08:58, 21 April 2021
  • Expressing "had better" with "haishi"
    ... One of the ways to use 还是 (háishì) is to have it mean "you had better," after having compared two options. Usually there's even a bit of deliberation ...
    4 KB (539 words) - 07:55, 26 November 2018
  • Basic comparisons with "bu bi"
    ... 不比 (bù bǐ) for negative comparisons when you already have Basic comparisons with "meiyou" 没有 (méiyǒu) for comparisons . The answer is that they're ...
    4 KB (635 words) - 08:25, 17 December 2020
  • Result complements "-dao" and "-jian"
    ... Did you see that handsome guy? 我 看 见 了 。 We didn't say what "I" saw; you have to infer it from the context.Wǒ kànjiàn le. 我 看 到 了 。 Wǒ kàndào le.I ...
    5 KB (764 words) - 08:57, 21 April 2021
  • Result complement "-wan" for finishing
    ... 完 了 吗 ？ Nǐ chī wán le ma?Are you done eating? 我 看 完 了 。Wǒ kàn wán le.I have finished watching it. 卖 完 了 。Mài wán le.It's sold out. 我们 打扫 完 了 。Wǒmen ...
    5 KB (737 words) - 08:56, 21 April 2021
  • Result complements
    ... 洗 得 干净 洗 不 干净 - Used in 把 Sentences Although we have avoided Ba sentence 把 sentences in this article for the sake of simplicity, you ...
    10 KB (1,437 words) - 08:55, 21 April 2021
  • Change of state with "le"
    ... .Tā dāng jīnglǐ le.He became a manager. 你 有 女朋友 了 ？He didn't have one before.Nǐ yǒu nǚpéngyou le?You have a girlfriend now? 我 男朋友 找到 新 工作 了 。A big ...
    6 KB (967 words) - 04:08, 12 March 2019
  • Acknowledgments
    ... Michael Moore User:WikiSysop John Pasden Although many AllSet Learning employees have worked on the wiki over the years, both part-time and ...
    5 KB (672 words) - 09:37, 20 June 2019
  • Topic-comment sentences
    ... 部 电影 ，看 过 的 人 都 喜欢 。Nà bù diànyǐng, kàn guo de rén dōu xǐhuan.All the people that have watched that movie like it. 这个 新 项目 ，公司 打算 让 我 来 负责 。Zhège xīn ...
    3 KB (509 words) - 08:46, 24 April 2019
  • Using "dui" with verbs
    ... in..."). In this case, 对 means "in," "on," "about," etc., and the object doesn't have to be a person. The short list below will give a few more verbs ...
    5 KB (736 words) - 08:53, 21 April 2021
  • Expressing "in addition" with "zaishuo"
    ... yě méiyǒu wèilái.I don't want to do this anymore. I work overtime every day. Besides, I don't even have a future here. 明天 去 买 吧 ，今天 太 累 了 。再说 ，超市 也 快 ...
    5 KB (690 words) - 01:35, 12 July 2021
  • Expressing "ever since" with "yilai"
    ... 来，房价 一直 在 涨 。Shí nián lái, fángjià yīzhí zài zhǎng.For the past decade, housing prices have been continuously going up. 几 年 来 ，我们 公司 的 收入 一直 在 增加 。Jǐ ...
    5 KB (791 words) - 09:42, 12 April 2019
  • Expressing "over and over again" with "zaisan"
    ... 要求。Wǒmen zàisān kǎolǜ guo hòu, juédìng mǎnzú nǐ de zhège yāoqiú.After having considered it many times, we decided to satisfy this requirement of yours ...
    4 KB (598 words) - 02:28, 29 December 2020
  • Bu and mei(you)
    ... 没 (rather than 不) is always used to negate 有, the verb meaning "to have." The phrase "不有" exists only in non-standard Chinese dialects, in obscure set ...
    2 KB (309 words) - 14:33, 17 February 2016
  • Expressing "as long as" with "zhiyao"
    ... qù Běijīng, wǒ jiù méiyǒu yìjiàn.As long as your mother agrees with you going to Beijing, I have no issue with it. 只要 不 堵车， 我们 就 能 准时 到 。 Zhǐyào bù ...
    4 KB (608 words) - 03:48, 8 February 2022
  • Expressing "let alone" with "geng buyong shuo"
    ... 不用说 工作日 了。Lián zhōumò dōu yào jiābān, gèng bùyòng shuō gōngzuòrì le.I have to work overtime even on weekends, not to mention work days. 这里 连 我 都 住 不 ...
    4 KB (702 words) - 04:23, 18 January 2021
  • Expressing "all along" with "yuanlai"
    ... 我 ！ 我 怎么 那么 傻 ？ Yuánlái nǐ zài piàn wǒ Wǒ zěnme nàme shǎ?You have been tricking me all along. How could I be so stupid? The more formal expression 原来 ...
    4 KB (567 words) - 04:52, 9 March 2019
  • Short-term Spoken Chinese: Elementary (汉语口语速成基础篇
    ... Points by Chapter Lesson 1 "动词 + 出来" (verb + 出来) "非…不可"(must, have to) "仍然" (still) "再也" (never again) "渐渐"(gradually) Lesson 2 "显然 ...
    3 KB (259 words) - 06:33, 7 November 2011
  • Auxiliary verb "yao" and its multiple meanings
    ... . Examples 星期五 我们 要 开会。Xīngqīwǔ wǒmen yào kāihuì.We are going to have a meeting on Friday. 12 点 我 要 去 吃饭。Shí'èr diǎn wǒ yào qù chīfàn.I ...
    7 KB (1,096 words) - 08:57, 21 April 2021
  • Potential complement "-bu dong" for not understanding
    ... that can't be understood. Note that this is about ''potential'': the subject doesn't have the ''ability'' to understand. Subj. + Verb + 不懂 The 不懂 (bù ...
    5 KB (693 words) - 08:56, 21 April 2021
  • Expressing actions in progress (full form)
    ... shàng Hànyǔ kè ne. 我们 上 着 汉语 课 呢 。Wǒmen shàng zhe Hànyǔ kè ne.We're having a Chinese lesson now. 老板 在 开会，不 方便 接 电话 。Lǎobǎn zài kāihuì, bù fāngbiàn ...
    5 KB (724 words) - 06:41, 23 May 2019
  • Old Main Page 0
    ... project.'' Some of the key reference materials for this wiki have been: Mandarin Chinese: A Functional Reference Grammar http://www.amazon.com ...
    6 KB (774 words) - 05:56, 27 January 2014
  • Expressing the self-evident with "ma"
    ... tǐng yǒuqián de ma.He is pretty rich. 不 想 去 就 不要 去 嘛 。Clearly you don't have to.Bù xiǎng qù jiù bùyào qù ma.If you don't wanna go, don't go. 你 别 太 谦 ...
    3 KB (526 words) - 03:23, 16 December 2020
  • Particle
    ... the end of a phrase, modifying the entire thing. Finally, particles always have a neutral tone. Functions Particles in Chinese can do all sorts of ...
    2 KB (275 words) - 03:38, 30 May 2016
  • Expressing completion with "le"
    ... 他们 到 了 。Tāmen dào le.They have arrived. 我 买 了 。Wǒ mǎi le.I've bought ... of things happened in the past? Do you have to put a 了 (le) after each ...
    8 KB (1,185 words) - 09:22, 20 April 2021
  • Yes-no questions with "ma"
    ... 没 有 工作 吗 ？Negative verb in the questionNǐ méiyǒu gōngzuò ma?Do you not have a job? B: 对 。对 (duì) affirms the negative verb.Duì.No, I don't. Now let's ...
    9 KB (1,438 words) - 09:20, 20 April 2021
  • Comparing "li" and "cong"
    ... 离 我们 的 婚礼 还有 两个 星期 。Lí wǒmen de hūnlǐ háiyǒu liǎng gè xīngqī.We still have two weeks until our wedding. 离 毕业 还有 几 个 月 。Lí bìyè háiyǒu jǐ gè yuè.I am ...
    6 KB (825 words) - 04:36, 30 November 2018
  • Events in quick succession with "yi... jiu..."
    ... 要 去 吃 午饭 。È sǐ le, wǒ yī xiàkè jiù yào qù chī wǔfàn.I'm starving. I'm going to have lunch as soon as class is over. 你 能 不 能 一 下班 就 去 接 孩子 ？Nǐ néng bu ...
    5 KB (681 words) - 04:53, 9 March 2019
  • Expressing purpose with "weile"
    ... case, 为了 mean "for." Note that 为了 and 因为 both have the character 为 in them, and they have sort of similar meanings. You will also see 因为 following 是 ...
    5 KB (714 words) - 09:30, 17 December 2020
  • Expressing "no wonder"
    ... it here because if you ever run into and think that 难怪 can only ever have one meaning, it can totally throw you for a loop. A few examples: 这 也 难 ...
    5 KB (799 words) - 03:27, 22 November 2020
  • Expressing "as much as possible" with "jinliang"
    ... Sunday. 我们 要 尽量 满足 客户 的 需求 。 Wǒmen yào jǐnliàng mǎnzú kèhù de xūqiú.We have to try our best to meet the client's needs. 老板 生气 了 ， 你 和 他 说话 要 尽 ...
    4 KB (612 words) - 09:41, 14 January 2021
  • Comparing "youdian" and "yidian"
    ... 有点, you can use 不 or 没 before the adjective, however the adjective should have a positive connotation, like 高兴 (gāoxìng), 舒服 (shūfu), 喜欢 (xǐhuan), etc ...
    7 KB (1,036 words) - 07:52, 14 May 2019
  • Comparing "pingshi" and "pingchang"
    ... (after all, they do start with 平), and they have similar meanings of "often" or "usually," but they have slightly different uses. Both 平时 and 平常 ...
    3 KB (491 words) - 02:19, 18 January 2021
  • Comparing "gang" and "gangcai"
    ... What just happened is really upsetting. 刚 and 刚才 with 了 You may have noticed that something interesting is going on with regards to 了 in the ...
    11 KB (1,707 words) - 00:21, 14 April 2023
  • Comparing "fan'er" and “xiangfan"
    ... 表现 形式 相反。Zhè liǎng zhǒng yìshù de biǎoxiàn xíngshì xiāngfǎn.These two art pieces have completely different forms. 我们 的 看法 是 相反 的。Wǒmen de kànfǎ shì ...
    5 KB (700 words) - 07:01, 11 December 2020
  • Expressing "about to happen" with "le"
    ... 友 快 要 过 生日 了。 Wǒ nǚpéngyou kuài yào guò shēngrì le.My girlfriend is about to have her birthday. 快 下车 了 ，你 再 等 一会儿 。Kuài xiàchē le, nǐ zài děng yīhuìr ...
    5 KB (842 words) - 08:56, 21 April 2021
  • Emphasis with "jiushi"
    ... tīng lǎoshī de huà.The student just wouldn't listen to his teacher. As you may have noticed, many of these uses of 就 or 就是 carry a flippant, stubborn ...
    5 KB (686 words) - 08:53, 21 April 2021
  • Complement "-zhao"
    ... . I didn't buy things that you need. 我 终于 见着 你 了。Wǒ zhōngyú jiànzháo nǐ le.I have finally met you. 最近 太 忙 了，他 累着 了。Zuìjìn tài máng le, tā lèizháo le ...
    4 KB (624 words) - 02:50, 29 December 2020
  • Expressing "not even one"
    ... 外国 朋友 都 没有 。 Lái Shànghǎi yǐqián, tā yī gè wàiguó péngyou dōu méiyǒu.He didn't have a single foreign friend before coming to Shanghai. 她 一 瓶 可乐 也 没 喝 ...
    4 KB (610 words) - 06:25, 12 April 2024
  • Conditions with "yao" and "jiu"
    ... (command sentences). Therefore, 要⋯⋯就⋯⋯ sentences typically do not have a subject, but they can have a topic. This grammar form is similar to the ...
    3 KB (554 words) - 06:38, 27 December 2021
  • Expressing "on the basis of" with "ping"
    ... nǐ hǎo, wǒ jiù kěyǐ shuō wǒ bǐ nǐ cōngming.From the fact that I have studied Chinese for a shorter time but speak it better than you, I can say that ...
    5 KB (849 words) - 08:02, 18 December 2020
  • Expressing "a full" with "zuzu"
    ... to emphasize how big, small, long, etc. something is perceived to be. We have all heard expressions like "he was a full 300 pounds," or "he was all ...
    1 KB (139 words) - 04:10, 25 April 2017
  • Expressing something is "not worth doing" with "buxie"
    ... the action. Structure In this structure, you can say 不屑 or 不屑于. Both have the same meaning, though 不屑于 is a bit more literary. Subject + 不屑(于 ...
    1 KB (148 words) - 05:49, 26 November 2013
  • Expressing "always previously" with "xianglai"
    ... /Verb Phrase Examples 我 父母 向来 不 喜欢 我 跟 你们 一起 出去 玩儿。My parents have always disliked me going out to play with you guys. 我 向来 努力，所以 我 每 一 次 考试 ...
    2 KB (225 words) - 09:14, 26 November 2013
  • Expressing that something has already happened with "laizhe"
    ... 说什么来着." Examples 我 说 什么 来着！你 一 吃 火锅 就 拉 肚子！I told you so You have a diarrhea every time you eat hotpot 我 说 什么 来着！这 个 东西 肯定 是 假的！I told you ...
    3 KB (397 words) - 03:47, 21 November 2017
  • Expressing "any" with "renhe"
    ... 还是 没有 任何 变化 。 Zhème duō nián guòqù le, tā háishì méiyǒu rènhé biànhuà.So many years have passed, and he hasn't changed a bit. 这 种 情况 在 任何 时候 都 不能 发生 ...
    4 KB (542 words) - 00:20, 14 April 2023
  • Using "er" to explain contrasting ideas
    ... 来 玩 的 。Wǒmen shì lái bànshì de, ér bù shì lái wán de.We're here to do work, not to have fun. 以后 后悔 的 人 不 是 我，而 是 你 自己。Yǐhòu hòuhuǐ de rén bù shì wǒ ...
    6 KB (837 words) - 03:46, 18 January 2022
  • Expressing "can't do without" with "shaobuliao"
    ... 吵架 了。Kàn tā de yàngzi, shǎobuliǎo shì gēn nǚpéngyǒu chǎojià le.Look at him. He must have argued with his girlfriend. 这么 闷热 ，少不了 是 要 下 暴雨 。Zhème mēnrè ...
    4 KB (572 words) - 07:45, 14 January 2021
  • Comparing "zhijian" and “zhongjian"
    ... of " between " and " among ." Both have a few particular uses, though. ... èrshí fēnzhōng de xiūxi shíjiān.I have two exams tomorrow morning. There ...
    6 KB (947 words) - 03:10, 13 August 2019
  • Expressing "already" with "yijing"
    ... -five years old. 我 学习 中文 已经 一 年 了 。Wǒ xuéxí Zhōngwén yǐjīng yī nián le.I have already been studying Chinese for a year. 他 在 洗手间 里 已经 半 个 小时 了 。 Tā ...
    7 KB (1,043 words) - 08:54, 21 April 2021
  • The Country of the Blind:《盲人国》
    ... whom a disease eliminated their vision many generations before and no longer have a concept of sight. Chen Fangyuan quickly finds that these people ...
    5 KB (660 words) - 06:38, 8 January 2014
  • Main Page 2
    ... create this grammar wiki, AllSet Learning and its editor partners have made extensive use of various high-quality Chinese grammar reference materials ...
    12 KB (1,626 words) - 09:06, 20 October 2016
  • Old Main Page 2
    ... create this grammar wiki, AllSet Learning and its editor partners have made extensive use of various high-quality Chinese grammar reference materials ...
    12 KB (1,626 words) - 09:09, 20 October 2016
  • New Main Page RC2
    ... create this grammar wiki, AllSet Learning and its editor partners have made extensive use of various high-quality Chinese grammar reference materials ...
    12 KB (1,626 words) - 09:09, 20 October 2016
  • Comparing "yao" and "xiang"
    ... 你 想要 几 个 孩子 ？Nǐ xiǎngyào jǐ gè háizi? How many kids do you want to have? 我 老婆 总是 想要 最 贵 的 包。Wǒ lǎopo zǒngshì xiǎngyào zuì guì de bāo.My wife ...
    10 KB (1,565 words) - 08:57, 21 April 2021
  • Expressing "not anymore" with "le"
    ... phone has run out of power. 他 没有 家 了。Tā méiyǒu jiā le.He doesn't have a home anymore. Adding 已经 for Emphasis Use of the word 已经 (yǐjīng) to ...
    6 KB (800 words) - 09:20, 20 April 2021
  • Expressing "already" with just "le"
    ... about using my car? B:谢谢，我们 有 车 了。Xièxie, wǒmen yǒu chē le.Thanks. We (already) have a car. A:你 要 不 要 告诉 他？Nǐ yào bu yào gàosu tā? Are you going to ...
    4 KB (540 words) - 08:56, 21 April 2021
  • Expressing "again" in the past with "you"
    ... 大餐 了 ！Lǎobǎn qǐngkè, yòu kěyǐ chī dàcān le The boss is going to treat us. We can have a big meal again 快 过年 了 ，我们 又 能 拿 红包 了 ！Kuài guònián le, wǒmen ...
    5 KB (771 words) - 01:53, 10 November 2020
  • Reviewing options with "ba"
    ... 堵车 。Zǎo diǎn qù ba, yào děng; wǎn diǎn qù ba, huì dǔchē. If we go early, we'll have to wait. If we go later, there will be bad traffic. 穿 得 多 一点 吧 ，会 ...
    4 KB (706 words) - 17:21, 6 December 2018
  • Foreword
    ... the cutting edge of a growing arsenal of digital and web resources that have made this front-loaded Sisyphean nightmare a thing of the past. This very ...
    4 KB (701 words) - 09:03, 22 November 2018
  • After or before a specific time
    ... ， 我们 要 开会。 Chī wán wǔfàn yǐhòu, wǒmen yào kāihuì.After finishing lunch, we are going to have a meeting. 你 到 家 以后 给 我 打电话。 Nǐ dào jiā yǐhòu gěi wǒ dǎ ...
    6 KB (866 words) - 03:52, 24 May 2017
  • Expressing "only" with "zhi"
    ... one older brother. 我们 只 有 十块 钱。Wǒmen zhǐ yǒu shí kuài qián.We only have ten RMB. 我们 公司 只 有 两个员工。Wǒmen gōngsī zhǐ yǒu liǎng gè yuángōng.Our company ...
    3 KB (408 words) - 09:35, 2 April 2019
  • Advanced uses of "ba"
    ... dropped. Examples 我 一直 把 他 看作 我 哥哥。Wǒ yīzhí bǎ tā kàn zuò wǒ gēge.I have always seen him as my older brother. 他 把 我家 当作 了 他 自己 家 。Tā bǎ wǒ ...
    12 KB (1,686 words) - 04:01, 18 January 2021
  • Expressing concern with "kongpa"
    ... ://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L11Ulml2rJE&list=PL94A5E422FB99CDDD&index=17 "Have to and Don't have to" Books Source HSK Standard Course 4下 76 ...
    4 KB (661 words) - 08:57, 17 December 2020
  • Comparing "bici" and "duifang"
    ... Tāmen kěyǐ zhàogu bǐcǐ, nǐ bùyào dānxīn.They can take care of each other, you don't have to worry. 你们 两 个 应该 原谅 对方。 Nǐmen liǎng gè yīnggāi yuánliàng ...
    6 KB (884 words) - 03:23, 17 December 2020
  • Expressing "feel free" with "jinguan"
    ... 大家 有 话 尽管 说 。 Dàjiā yǒu huà jǐnguǎn shuō.Feel free to speak up if you have anything to say. 有 什么 问题 尽管 问 。 Yǒu shénme wèntí jǐnguǎn wèn.Feel free to ...
    3 KB (504 words) - 09:26, 14 January 2021
  • Comparing "duiyu" and "zhiyu"
    ... Use 至于 to Emphasize Degree Structure As an adverb, it expresses "having reached a certain degree." After it you can add words or phrases ...
    5 KB (710 words) - 09:33, 14 January 2021
  • Expressing "age difference" with "da and xiao"
    ... to. For example, children under 10, people your same age, people older than you, all have different ways of asking for age. A few examples: 小朋友 ，你 几岁 ...
    4 KB (678 words) - 07:14, 16 October 2018
  • Expressing "through" with "tongguo"
    ... 座 桥 。Cóng wǒ jiā dào nàr yào tōngguò liǎng zuò qiáo.To get there from my house, you have to cross two bridges. 通过 那个 红色 的 大门 ，左拐 就 到 了 。Tōngguò nàge ...
    4 KB (565 words) - 07:39, 13 March 2019
  • Expressing "double negation"
    ... 语 的 。Wǒmen gōngsī de yuángōng méiyǒu yī gè bù huì shuō Yīngyǔ de.Our company doesn't have a single employee who can't speak English. 他 的 女朋友 没有 一 个 不 ...
    4 KB (625 words) - 08:46, 24 April 2019
  • Expressing "each other" with "bici"
    ... 了 彼此 的 进步 。Guòqù yī nián, wǒmen jiànzhèng le bǐcǐ de jìnbù. Over the past year, we have witnessed each other's progress. 大家 都 很 辛苦 ，我们 需要 尊重 彼此 的 努力 ...
    5 KB (704 words) - 09:38, 14 January 2021
  • Expressing "if not..., then..." using "meiyou……jiu……"
    ... "if not..., then..." Simply think of it as "if you don't have something, then you can't have or do something." Structure (如果) 没有 noun + 就 ...
    413 bytes (49 words) - 09:54, 20 July 2018
  • HSK Levels and CEFR Levels
    ... correspond to the six CEFR levels. European Chinese language teachers have reported that the correspondence, in practice, is somewhat different, with ...
    2 KB (256 words) - 10:00, 13 June 2019
  • Expressing "moreover" with "bingqie"
    ... le suǒyǒu de rén, bìngqiě hái zhǔnbèi le suǒyǒu de cáiliào.I have informed everyone. Moreover, I have prepared all of the materials. 这种 现象 很 常见 并 ...
    5 KB (769 words) - 09:45, 17 December 2020
  • Expressing a last chance with "zaibu... jiu..."
    ... 了。Nǐ zài bù xuéxí, xià gè yuè jiù méiyǒu shēnghuófèi le.If you don't study, you won't have an allowance to live on next month. 你 再 不 打 电话，你 就 失去 这个 ...
    5 KB (740 words) - 03:21, 17 December 2020
  • Introduction-B2
    ... a few too many B2 grammar points to fit in a 400-page tome. We have compiled a list of the "runners-up" on our " B2 book omissions " page on the ...
    2 KB (414 words) - 08:52, 18 January 2021
  • Grammar by Word
    ... such as Spanish. In Spanish, you obsess over tenses; in Chinese you don't have tenses. Instead, in Chinese, you obsess over 了, which may be an ...
    746 bytes (118 words) - 07:05, 28 February 2011
  • Conjunction
    ... elements to connect them in some way. Unlike English, Chinese conjunctions need to have something next to them, so they cannot just be at the end of ...
    3 KB (402 words) - 03:23, 30 May 2016
  • Reading Tools
    ... not only are they the best modern browsers, but they also have the best choices for powerful extensions (also called plugins). Browser Extensions ...
    3 KB (427 words) - 02:41, 16 July 2021
  • Complement
    ... more versatile than that Summary of complement types Because Chinese complements have no exact counterpart in English, they can be a little bit ...
    11 KB (1,569 words) - 07:22, 22 November 2018
  • Aspect
    ... le), 过 (guo), and 着 (zhe). A New Mindset Because Chinese does not have tenses, the question, "''how do you form the past tense in Chinese?''" is ...
    2 KB (226 words) - 07:09, 20 February 2020
  • Location word
    ... two-character location nouns. These can be adverbs (adverbial adjuncts - can have more than one in a phrase). Single character location noun usually ...
    2 KB (322 words) - 07:41, 22 November 2018
  • Time noun
    ... 时 Time nouns can also be adverbs (adverbial adjuncts to be precise - can have more than one in a phrase). Other types of nouns can't be adverbs. 然 ...
    1 KB (140 words) - 08:12, 22 November 2018
  • Personal pronoun
    ... them. When making reflexive sentences (sentences with himself, myself, etc.), you have to add 自己 (zìjǐ) after the personal pronoun. This is sort of ...
    1 KB (215 words) - 07:43, 22 November 2018
  • Proper nouns and common nouns
    ... combination. Some nouns this is optional, e.g. 小时 Some nouns can't have a measure word e.g. 年 Repeating single-character nouns to mean "every ...
    1 KB (161 words) - 09:23, 22 January 2017
  • Grammar points by level
    ... , corresponding to levels beginner through advanced. These levels also have equivalents in the http://www.actfl.org/ ACTFL (American) standards ...
    2 KB (297 words) - 15:20, 3 October 2018
  • State complement
    ... 非常 漂亮 。The teacher dressed very nicely today. 孩子们 玩 得 很 开心 。The kids are having lots of fun. 我 昨天 睡 得 不 太 好 。I didn't sleep very well yesterday. 哪个 ...
    6 KB (754 words) - 08:58, 21 April 2021
  • Measure word
    ... 根 一根香肠 两根香蕉 头 一头猪 两头牛 Examples 我 有 一 只 小 狗。I have one small dog. 我 给 了 小 狗 一 个 半 面包。I gave the small dog one and a half pieces of ...
    5 KB (643 words) - 04:51, 9 March 2019
  • Simple "noun + adjective" sentences
    ... reasonable response. But in the case of these "Noun + Adj." sentences, you just have to think of this usage of 很 (hěn) as an exception. It's just part ...
    5 KB (780 words) - 09:21, 20 April 2021
  • Expressing "excessively" with "tai"
    ... something is, so these uses are totally ''not'' complaints. The English translations have to get a little more creative to express the same feeling in ...
    4 KB (606 words) - 09:21, 20 April 2021
  • Placement of question words
    ... 多少 duōshaohow many / how much Rules In English, question words have to be placed at the beginning of the sentence. This involves changing the ...
    19 KB (3,096 words) - 09:20, 20 April 2021
  • Tag questions with "bu"
    ... ? 你 有 新 女朋友 了 ， 是 不 是 ？ Nǐ yǒu xīn nǚpéngyou le, shì bu shì?You have a new girlfriend, right? 九 点 开会 ， 是 不 是 ？ Jiǔ diǎn kāihuì, shì bu shì?We are ...
    3 KB (491 words) - 08:57, 21 April 2021
  • Using the verb "jiao"
    ... name or just your first name. Examples 我 叫 Tom。Note: it even works if you don't have a Chinese name Wǒ jiào Tom.My name is Tom. 他 叫 李小龙。Note ...
    3 KB (489 words) - 09:21, 20 April 2021
  • Using the verb "xing"
    Grammar Box The verb 姓 (xìng) literally means "to be surnamed" or "to have the surname." It may seem awkward at first that there's a verb just for ...
    3 KB (542 words) - 08:55, 21 April 2021
  • Using the verb "qu"
    Grammar Box You can use 去 (qù) whenever you have somewhere to go. It's pretty easy to get a handle on this verb; the only trick is getting used to ...
    4 KB (636 words) - 09:24, 20 April 2021
  • Standard negation with "bu"
    ... 不有时间。Wǒ bù yǒu shíjiān. 我 没有时间。Wǒ méiyǒu shíjiān.I don't have time. Negating Adjectives As it turns out, the structure with an adjective is ...
    4 KB (672 words) - 09:23, 20 April 2021
  • Expressing existence in a place with "zai"
    ... The verb 在 (zài) is used to express existence in a place. English does not have a verb exclusively for this purpose, and instead uses "to be" with a ...
    3 KB (474 words) - 09:24, 20 April 2021
  • Actions in a row
    ... 京 开 会。Lǎobǎn xià zhōu qù Běijīng kāi huì.Next week the boss will go to Beijing to have a meeting. 中国人 都 要 回家 过 年。Zhōngguó rén dōu yào huíjiā guònián ...
    4 KB (615 words) - 08:57, 21 April 2021
  • Structure of days of the week
    ... 星期日 (Xīngqīrì). One other implication of this system that you may not have noticed: "day one" is Monday. In Chinese culture, the first day of the week ...
    4 KB (668 words) - 09:23, 20 April 2021
  • The "also" adverb "ye"
    ... 不 知道。 Wǒ yě bù zhīdào.I don't know either. 他 也 没 有。 Tā yě méiyǒu.He doesn't have it either. 你 也 不 想 来 我 家 吗？ Nǐ yě bù xiǎng lái wǒ jiā ma?You don't ...
    10 KB (1,502 words) - 09:21, 20 April 2021
  • The "all" adverb "dou"
    ... ) as if it were any other number greater than one. Chinese also doesn't have a special pattern like "neither / nor" for the negative case. Just use 都 ...
    4 KB (598 words) - 09:22, 20 April 2021
  • Expressing "should" with "yinggai"
    ... 应该 喝 热水。 Gǎnmào de shíhou yīnggāi hē rè shuǐ.You should drink hot water when you have a cold. 明天 你 应该 八 点 半 来 公司。 Míngtiān nǐ yīnggāi bādiǎn bàn lái ...
    3 KB (490 words) - 06:10, 3 April 2024
  • Verbs preceded by "gei"
    ... above is the best one to learn first, some verbs frequently use 给 but have the 给 coming after the verb, rather than before. It's best to think of ...
    4 KB (615 words) - 08:54, 21 April 2021
  • Expressing "with" with "gen"
    ... ? 你 有没有 跟 Obama 见 过 面？Nǐ yǒu méiyǒu gēn Obama jiàn guo miàn?Have you ever met Obama? Later on you'll learn more about separable verb why this is the ...
    8 KB (1,216 words) - 09:52, 2 April 2019
  • Expressing "together" with "yiqi"
    ... mom. 你们 有没有 一起 玩 过 这 个 游戏？Nǐmen yǒu méiyǒu yīqǐ wán guo zhège yóuxì? Have you all ever played this game together? 他 想 和 他太太 一起 学 中文。Tā xiǎng hé tā ...
    3 KB (524 words) - 08:55, 21 April 2021
  • Using "ye" and "dou" together
    ... first followed by 都 (dōu) to express that these multiple things have something in common. Positive Form Structure When using 也 (yě) and ...
    4 KB (606 words) - 09:18, 26 November 2018
  • Expressing actions in progress with "zai"
    ... 时间 见 你。Lǎobǎn zài kāihuì, méiyǒu shíjiān jiàn nǐ.The boss is currently in a meeting. He doesn't have time to see you. 我 现在 在 上班，不方便 离开。Wǒ xiànzài zài ...
    4 KB (591 words) - 09:23, 20 April 2021
  • Using "lai" as a dummy verb
    ... Subj. + 来 The point of calling 来 a "dummy verb" is that it does't have the original meaning of "to come." It just takes the place of whatever the verb ...
    3 KB (571 words) - 17:14, 6 December 2018
  • Expressing "before" in general with "yiqian"
    ... . 他们 以前 没有 钱，可是 很 快乐。Tāmen yǐqián méiyǒu qián, kěshì hěn kuàilè.They didn't have much money before, but they were happy. 我男朋友 以前 在 美国 工作，现在 在 中 ...
    3 KB (519 words) - 04:14, 19 October 2017
  • In the future in general with "yihou"
    ... 以后 我们 会 有 一些 新 的 同事。Yǐhòu wǒmen huì yǒu yīxiē xīn de tóngshì.We will have some new co-workers in the future. 以后 你 可以 住 在 这里。Yǐhòu nǐ kěyǐ zhù zài ...
    4 KB (612 words) - 07:18, 22 April 2019
  • Before a specific time with "yiqian"
    ... zǒngtǒng yǐqián, Obama méiyǒu bái tóufa.Before he became the president, Obama didn't have white hair. Note that this use of 以前 (yǐqián) can also be ...
    4 KB (575 words) - 09:20, 20 April 2021
  • Expressing duration of inaction
    Grammar Box Saying how long you have ''not'' done something is not difficult, but the word order is different from the Expressing duration with ...
    5 KB (737 words) - 08:24, 17 April 2019
  • Sentence-final interjection "a"
    ... ？ Kàn shénme a? Méi jiàn guo piàoliang gūniang a?What are you looking at? Have you never seen a pretty girl before? See also Questions with ne ...
    4 KB (555 words) - 09:21, 20 April 2021
  • Moderating positive adjectives with "hai"
    ... . If expectations were already low to begin with, 还可以 (hái kěyǐ) can have the sense of "pretty darn good;" it all depends on context and tone of ...
    4 KB (558 words) - 08:57, 21 April 2021
  • Two words for "but"
    ... 很 好，但是 我 没 钱 买。iPhone hěn hǎo, dànshì wǒ méi qián mǎi.The iPhone is great, but I don't have the money to buy it. 你们 可以 在 这里 看书，可是 不 可以 说话。Nǐ kěyǐ zài ...
    4 KB (621 words) - 04:48, 9 March 2019
  • The filler word "neige"
    ... you bought. 那个 ⋯⋯ 我 要 去 开会 了。Nèige... wǒ yào qù kāihuì le.Ummm... I have to attend a meeting. 昨天 那个 ⋯⋯ 那个 ⋯⋯ 小笼包 真 好吃。Zuótiān nèige... nèige ...
    4 KB (568 words) - 08:54, 21 April 2021
  • Measure words with "this" and "that"
    ... _%22ge%22 个 (gè) for everything, but pretty soon you're going to have to start using other measure words in these simple phrases. Structure If ...
    3 KB (446 words) - 08:57, 21 April 2021
  • Expressing "every" with "mei"
    ... . 我们 每 周 都 要 开会。Wǒmen měi zhōu dōu yào kāihuì.Every week we need to have a meeting. 他们 每 个 周末 都 去 公园。Tāmen měi gè zhōumò dōu qù gōngyuán.Every ...
    4 KB (574 words) - 08:54, 21 April 2021
  • Basic comparisons with "meiyou"
    ... as something else. (Yes, that's the same 没有 (méiyǒu) that means "not have," used here in a different way.) Basic Usage As well as with Basic ...
    4 KB (661 words) - 09:07, 20 June 2019
  • Superlative "zui"
    ... Adjectives Structure The structure is: 最 + Adj. And now you have the superlative form of the adjective. Unlike in English, this structure ...
    6 KB (866 words) - 08:57, 21 April 2021
  • Expressing "rather" with "bijiao"
    ... . 大 城市 的 工作 压力 比较 大 。Dà chéngshì de gōngzuò yālì bǐjiào dà.Jobs in big cities have quite a lot of pressure. 你 上班 坐 地铁 比较 方便 吧 ？Nǐ shàngbān zuò dìtiě ...
    3 KB (517 words) - 08:37, 17 April 2019
  • Simultaneous tasks with "yibian"
    ... . Note that you must be actively doing both actions. That is, they have to be intentional. If you want to say something happened while another thing ...
    4 KB (669 words) - 08:20, 4 March 2019
  • Doing something more with "duo"
    ... 的 时候 要 多 喝 水 。Gǎnmào de shíhou yào duō hē shuǐ.Drink more water when you have a cold. 医生 让 我 多 运动 。Yīshēng ràng wǒ duō yùndòng.The doctor told me to ...
    4 KB (611 words) - 17:24, 6 December 2018
  • Aspect particle "zhe"
    ... actions in progress using the adverb 在 in front of verbs ). You may have heard that the Chinese particle 着 added onto the end of verbs is similar ...
    9 KB (1,348 words) - 08:56, 21 April 2021
  • Expressing "although" with "suiran" and "danshi"
    ... 有 工作 经验 。Nǐ suīrán xuélì gāo, kěshì méiyǒu gōngzuò jīngyàn.Although you're well-educated, you don't have work experience. 奶奶 虽然 八十 多 岁 了 ，但是 她 精神 很 好 ...
    5 KB (709 words) - 08:57, 21 April 2021
  • Expressing "even" with "lian" and "dou"
    ... surprising pieces of information. The tricky part about using it is that you have to remember to use ''both'' parts of the pattern (rather than just ...
    6 KB (990 words) - 08:38, 11 November 2020
  • Expressing "except" and "in addition" with "chule… yiwai"
    ... 好 ？Chúle yùndòng yǐwài, nǐ hái yǒu shénme àihào?In addition to sports, what other hobbies do you have? 除了 猫 和 狗 ，我 还 养 过 兔子 。Chúle māo hé gǒu, wǒ hái ...
    5 KB (704 words) - 08:23, 4 March 2019
  • Expressing "every" with question words
    ... (dōu) to make words and phrases like "everywhere" or "everyone." You may have learned this same pattern for Expressing "everything" with "shenme dou ...
    6 KB (862 words) - 04:53, 9 March 2019
  • Expressing "every time" with "mei" and "dou"
    ... 你 怎么 每次 吃 火锅 都 拉肚子 ？Nǐ zěnme měicì chī huǒguō dōu lādùzi?How come you have diarrhea every time you eat hotpot? 他 每次 迟到 都 说 因为 堵车 。Tā měicì chídào dōu ...
    4 KB (645 words) - 08:53, 21 April 2021
  • Expressing "if" with "ruguo... dehua"
    ... yǒu rén bāng tā dehuà, tā jiù bù huì chūshì le.If someone had helped him, he would't have had this accident. 如果 你们 不 来 的话 ，一定 会 后悔 的 。Rúguǒ nǐmen bù ...
    5 KB (654 words) - 07:35, 27 November 2020
  • Sequencing with "xian" and "zai"
    ... a job first, and then move. Colloquial Usage with 再说 You may have learned that "In addition" with "zaishuo" 再说 can mean "in addition." Well ...
    5 KB (834 words) - 04:48, 9 March 2019
  • Conceding a point with "shi"
    ... usually indicating that the speaker is conceding a point, ''but'' they still have some reservations about the topic at hand. Don't worry, the examples ...
    4 KB (617 words) - 01:10, 3 March 2021
  • Sequencing past events with "houlai"
    ... to note is that 后来 can only be used with two events '''that have already occurred'''. Structure Past Event 1 ，后来 ， Past Event 2 Examples ...
    4 KB (586 words) - 09:49, 17 April 2019
  • A softer "but" with "buguo"
    ... 过 他 没有 口音 。Tā shì dōngběi rén, bùguò tā méiyǒu kǒuyīn.He's from the northeast, but he doesn't have the accent. 他 说 得 不错 ，不过 不 认识 汉字 。Tā shuō de bùcuò ...
    4 KB (565 words) - 04:47, 9 March 2019
  • Measure words for verbs
    ... after the verb. You should also know that, like nouns, some verbs have special measure words to go with them. The basic verbal measure word, however ...
    3 KB (548 words) - 08:56, 21 April 2021
  • Providing two options with double "huozhe"
    ... jìhuà, wǒmen huòzhě qù Shānxī huòzhě qù Yúnnán, nǐ juéde ne?As for travel, I have two plans in mind. We can either go to Shanxi or Yunnan. What do you ...
    4 KB (637 words) - 13:39, 2 December 2020
  • Expressing "towards" with "xiang"
    ... 向 indicates an action that is performed towards a reference point but doesn't have any actual motion towards that point. 向 + Direction / Person + Verb ...
    3 KB (515 words) - 07:35, 19 April 2019
  • Expressing "then…" with "name"
    ... , nà nǐ yǒu bié de bànfǎ ma?You said this idea is not going to work. So do you have any other ideas? 大家 都 到 了 ，那么 我们 开始 吧 。Dàjiā dōu dào le, nàme ...
    4 KB (559 words) - 07:41, 4 March 2019
  • Expressing "even" with "shenzhi"
    ... 都 没有。Tā tài máng le, shènzhì chī zhōngfàn de shíjiān dōu méiyǒu.He's too busy. He doesn't even have time to eat lunch. 他 从来 不 聊 工作 的 事，甚至 跟 他 老婆 也 不 ...
    5 KB (727 words) - 07:21, 29 December 2020
  • Expressing "if… then…" with "jiaru"
    ... 天。Jiǎrú zhè huà shì zhēn de, wǒmen yě yào kǎolǜ liǎng tiān.If that is true, we still have to think about it for a couple of days. 假如 一定 要 去 的话，她 就 去 ...
    3 KB (453 words) - 07:42, 17 December 2020
  • Expressing "on the contrary" with "fan'er"
    ... 努力 了。Shībài le zhème duō cì, tā bùdàn méi fàngqì, fǎn'ér gèng nǔlì le.Having failed so many times, he not only didn't give up, but rather worked even ...
    6 KB (900 words) - 06:46, 11 December 2020
  • Adjectival complement "de hen"
    ... 去 。 Wǒ xiànzài shíjiān duō de hěn, nǐ qù nǎr wǒ dōu kěyǐ péi nǐ qù.I have loads of free time right now. I can go with you wherever you want to go. 不 ...
    4 KB (616 words) - 02:37, 17 December 2020
  • Adjectival complement "de budeliao"
    ... to the wise: don't confuse 得不得了 (de bùdéliǎo) with Expressing "have to" with "budebu" 不得不 (bùdébù) . See also Adjectival complement "de hen ...
    4 KB (644 words) - 07:35, 17 December 2020
  • Challenging an adjective with "shenme"
    ... dà a, sì gè rén zhùzài yīqǐ, fángjiān tài xiǎo le.You call this big? If you have four people living here together it's too small. 高 什么 啊，上海 还有 更 高的 ...
    4 KB (665 words) - 10:13, 23 December 2020
  • Ending a non-exhaustive list with "shenme de"
    ... Yǎng gǒu hěn máfan, nǐ yào wèi tā, gěi tā xǐzǎo, gēn tā wán shénme de.Having a dog is too much trouble. You need to feed it, give it a bath, play with ...
    4 KB (654 words) - 04:49, 9 March 2019
  • Expressing fractions with "fenzhi"
    ... 国 人 有 护照 。Chàbuduō sān fēn zhī yī de Měiguó rén yǒu hùzhào.About one third of Americans have passports. 我们 学校 四 分 之 三 的 老师 都 是 男 老师 。Wǒmen xuéxiào sì ...
    4 KB (650 words) - 08:40, 24 April 2019
  • Expressing "anyway" with "fanzheng"
    ... de.Anyway, we can just use a credit card. It’s no big deal to have no cash. See Also "No matter" with "wulun" "No matter" with "buguan ...
    4 KB (636 words) - 04:05, 29 December 2020
  • Expressing "along with…" with "suizhe"
    ... + Noun + Verb Phrase Examples 随着 is one of those words that can have a wide range of translations, all highly dependent upon the context. 树枝 随 ...
    5 KB (632 words) - 08:59, 17 December 2020
  • Expressing "among" with "dangzhong"
    ... yào chǔlǐ hěn duō shìqing.I'm in the process of moving, and every day I have many things to deal with. When used to express "among," 当中 is a little ...
    4 KB (586 words) - 07:03, 11 December 2020
  • Expressing "with regards to" with "zhiyu"
    ... nǐ yào zìjǐ nǔlì le.That's all I can do for you. As for what to do later, you're going to have to work hard on your own. 我 过年 一定 会 回家 的，至于 她 回 不 回去 ...
    5 KB (693 words) - 09:54, 17 December 2020
  • Limiting scope with "jiu"
    ... to my family, there are lots of demands on me. For example, we have to be home before twelve o'clock in the evening. See also "With Regards ...
    5 KB (729 words) - 07:39, 19 January 2021

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