Difference between revisions of "Expressing "must" with "dei""
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{{Grammar Box}} | {{Grammar Box}} | ||
| − | + | The auxiliary verb 得 (děi) means "must." Yes, it's annoying that the same character can also be pronounced "de," but at least when you use 得 (děi), there's no [[Auxiliary verb "yao" and its multiple meanings|ambiguity like with the word 要 (yào)]]. | |
== Structure == | == Structure == | ||
| − | Normally when you see 得 it's a particle and is pronounced "de." However, it can also be an [[auxiliary verb]]. In this case it's pronounced | + | Normally, when you see 得, it's a particle and is pronounced "de." However, it can also be an [[auxiliary verb]]. In this case it's pronounced "děi" and means "must." |
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | *我们 <em>得</em> 走 了 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen <em>děi</em> zǒu le.</span><span class="trans">We have to leave.</span> | + | *我们 <em>得</em> 走 了 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen <em>děi</em> zǒu le.</span><span class="trans">We have to leave now.</span> |
*时间 不 早 了，我 <em>得</em> 回家 了。<span class="pinyin">Shíjiān bù zǎo le, wǒ <em>děi</em> huíjiā le.</span><span class="trans">It's getting late. I have to go home.</span> | *时间 不 早 了，我 <em>得</em> 回家 了。<span class="pinyin">Shíjiān bù zǎo le, wǒ <em>děi</em> huíjiā le.</span><span class="trans">It's getting late. I have to go home.</span> | ||
| − | *他 是 你 弟弟 ，你 <em>得</em> 帮 他 。<span class="pinyin">Tā shì nǐ dìdi, nǐ <em> | + | *他 是 你 弟弟 ，你 <em>得</em> 帮 他 。<span class="pinyin">Tā shì nǐ dìdi, nǐ <em>děi</em> bāng tā.</span><span class="trans">He is your younger brother. You must help him.</span> |
| − | * | + | *不好意思 ，你 <em>得</em> 马上 离开 。<span class="pinyin">Bù hǎoyìsi, nǐ <em>děi</em> mǎshàng líkāi.</span><span class="trans">Excuse me, but you have to leave here right now.</span> |
*在 学校 就 <em>得</em> 听 老师 的 话 。<span class="pinyin">Zài xuéxiào jiù <em>děi</em> tīng lǎoshī de huà.</span><span class="trans">You have to listen to the teacher at school.</span> | *在 学校 就 <em>得</em> 听 老师 的 话 。<span class="pinyin">Zài xuéxiào jiù <em>děi</em> tīng lǎoshī de huà.</span><span class="trans">You have to listen to the teacher at school.</span> | ||
| − | *你 <em>得</em> 先 付钱 再 | + | *你 <em>得</em> 先 付钱 再 进去 。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>děi</em> xiān fù qián zài jìnqù.</span><span class="trans">You need to pay before you go in.</span> |
*是 你 的 错 ，你 <em>得</em> 道歉 。<span class="pinyin">Shì nǐ de cuò, nǐ <em>děi</em> dàoqiàn.</span><span class="trans">It's your fault. You must apologize.</span> | *是 你 的 错 ，你 <em>得</em> 道歉 。<span class="pinyin">Shì nǐ de cuò, nǐ <em>děi</em> dàoqiàn.</span><span class="trans">It's your fault. You must apologize.</span> | ||
*他 没有 经验 ，你 <em>得</em> 教教 他 。<span class="pinyin">Tā méiyǒu jīngyàn, nǐ <em>děi</em> jiāojiao tā.</span><span class="trans">He doesn't have experience. You must teach him.</span> | *他 没有 经验 ，你 <em>得</em> 教教 他 。<span class="pinyin">Tā méiyǒu jīngyàn, nǐ <em>děi</em> jiāojiao tā.</span><span class="trans">He doesn't have experience. You must teach him.</span> | ||
*明天 去 面试 ，你 <em>得</em> 穿 得 正式 一点 。<span class="pinyin">Míngtiān qù miànshì, nǐ <em>děi</em> chuān de zhèngshì yīdiǎn.</span><span class="trans">You must wear something more formal for tomorrow's job interview.</span> | *明天 去 面试 ，你 <em>得</em> 穿 得 正式 一点 。<span class="pinyin">Míngtiān qù miànshì, nǐ <em>děi</em> chuān de zhèngshì yīdiǎn.</span><span class="trans">You must wear something more formal for tomorrow's job interview.</span> | ||
| − | *你 病 得 太 厉害 了，<em>得</em>去 看 医生。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ bìng de tài lìhai le, <em>děi</em> qù kàn yīshēng.</span><span class="trans">You are | + | *你 病 得 太 厉害 了，<em>得</em> 去 看 医生。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ bìng de tài lìhai le, <em>děi</em> qù kàn yīshēng.</span><span class="trans">You are really sick. You must go see a doctor.</span> |
</div> | </div> | ||
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[[Category:B1 grammar points]] | [[Category:B1 grammar points]] | ||
| − | + | {{HSK|HSK4}} | |
{{Basic Grammar|得|B1|得 + Verb|我们 <em>得</em> 走 了 。|grammar point|ASGPXLP9}} | {{Basic Grammar|得|B1|得 + Verb|我们 <em>得</em> 走 了 。|grammar point|ASGPXLP9}} | ||
{{Used for|Expressing obligations}} | {{Used for|Expressing obligations}} | ||
{{Used for|Giving commands}} | {{Used for|Giving commands}} | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
{{Similar|"Yinggai" for should}} | {{Similar|"Yinggai" for should}} | ||
| + | {{Similar|Expressing "don't need to" with "buyong"}} | ||
{{Similar|Expressing "have to" with budebu}} | {{Similar|Expressing "have to" with budebu}} | ||
{{Similar|Expressing “must" with "feidei"}} | {{Similar|Expressing “must" with "feidei"}} | ||
| Line 62: | Line 59: | ||
{{Translation|must}} | {{Translation|must}} | ||
{{Translation|need}} | {{Translation|need}} | ||
| + | {{POS|Verbs}} | ||
| + | {{Subprop|Auxiliary verbs}} | ||
Latest revision as of 07:38, 22 April 2019
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Level
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Similar to
- Wanting to do something with "yao" (A1)
- Expressing "should" with "yinggai" (A2)
- Expressing "would like to" with "xiang" (A2)
- Expressing "don't need to" with "buyong" (B1)
- Expressing "had better" with "zuihao" (B1)
- Declaring the only option with "zhihao" (B2)
- Expressing "have to" with "budebu" (B2)
- Adding emphasis with "fei....buke" (C1)
- Expressing “must" with "feidei" (C1)
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Used for
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Keywords
The auxiliary verb 得 (děi) means "must." Yes, it's annoying that the same character can also be pronounced "de," but at least when you use 得 (děi), there's no ambiguity like with the word 要 (yào).
Structure
Normally, when you see 得, it's a particle and is pronounced "de." However, it can also be an auxiliary verb. In this case it's pronounced "děi" and means "must."
Subj. + 得 + [Verb Phrase]
Examples
- 我们 得 走 了 。We have to leave now.
- 时间 不 早 了，我 得 回家 了。It's getting late. I have to go home.
- 他 是 你 弟弟 ，你 得 帮 他 。He is your younger brother. You must help him.
- 不好意思 ，你 得 马上 离开 。Excuse me, but you have to leave here right now.
- 在 学校 就 得 听 老师 的 话 。You have to listen to the teacher at school.
- 你 得 先 付钱 再 进去 。You need to pay before you go in.
- 是 你 的 错 ，你 得 道歉 。It's your fault. You must apologize.
- 他 没有 经验 ，你 得 教教 他 。He doesn't have experience. You must teach him.
- 明天 去 面试 ，你 得 穿 得 正式 一点 。You must wear something more formal for tomorrow's job interview.
- 你 病 得 太 厉害 了，得 去 看 医生。You are really sick. You must go see a doctor.
See also
- "Would like to" with xiang
- Wanting to do something with yao
- Auxiliary verb
- Auxiliary verb "hui" for "will"
Sources and further reading
Videos
- Yoyo Chinese: "Have to and Don't have to"
Books
- Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed) (pp. 164-5) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- 40 Lessons for Basic Chinese Course (基础汉语40课下册） (pp. 301) [ →buy]
