Difference between revisions of "Expressing comparable degree with "you""

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{{Grammar Box}}  
 
{{Grammar Box}}  
  
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有(yǒu), besides just meaning "to have", can also be used in comparisons. In English, we can sometimes say "She has her mother's cuteness" or "I have my father's height", though they sound a bit awkward. In Chinese, however, it's pretty common. You can use 有 to express degree in a simple statement, though it is usually used in a question.
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[[有]] (yǒu), besides just meaning "to [[have]]," can also be used in comparisons. It's what you use instead of [[比]] (bǐ) if something is "as [Adj.] as" something else.
  
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One important this to note is that this 有 has the meaning of expressing a certain nature, characteristic, number or degree. Therefore, it's important to remember to use this grammar pattern with those types of adjectives!
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== Basic Pattern ==
  
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== Basic structure ==
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The structure literally means, "A has B's [Adj.]." The meaning is "A is as [Adj.] as B." This pattern is often used in questions. Think of the jealous girl asking, "is she as pretty as me?" or the insecure weightlifter bro asking, "is he as jacked as me?" Note that for this kind of question, B is usually the one that the speaker prefers.
  
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The structure is very straightforward. It simply means "A has B's (adjective)." The meaning is like saying "A is the same (adjective) as B."
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=== Structure ===
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
 +
A + 有 + B + Adj. + 吗 ？
 +
</div>
  
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A 有 B + Adjective + 吗？
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This comparison pattern is generally only used in questions, not statements.
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</div>
 
  
 
=== Examples ===
 
=== Examples ===
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
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* 他 <em>有</em> 我 帅 吗？<span class="trans">Is he as handsome as me?</span>
 
−
* 她 <em>有</em> 我 可爱 吗？<span class="trans">Is she as cute as me?</span>
 
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* 红酒 <em>有</em> 白酒 好喝 吗？<span class="trans">Is red wine as tasty to drink as white wine?</span>
 
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* 你 的 儿子 <em>有</em> 我 的 调皮 吗？<span class="trans">Is your son as naughty as mine?</span>
 
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* 你 的 中文 <em>有</em> John 好 吗？<span class="trans">Is your Chinese as good as John's?</span>
 
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* 上海 的 房子 <em>有</em> 纽约 的 贵 吗？<span class="trans">Are the apartments in Shanghai as expensive as the ones in New York?</span>
 
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* 你 做 的 饭 <em>有</em> 我 做 的 好吃 吗？<span class="trans">Can you cook food as well as I can?</span>
 
−
* 你 的 衣服 <em>有</em> 我 的 多 吗？<span class="trans">Do you have as many clothes as I do?</span>
 
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* 泰国 <em>有</em> 巴厘岛 好玩 吗？<span class="trans">Is Thailand as fun as Bali?</span>
 
−
* 伦敦 的 人口 <em>有</em> 上海 多 吗？<span class="trans">Is London's population as much as Shanghai's?</span>
 
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</div>
 
  
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Notice that all these example sentences are questions. Typically this form is used in questions, although they can be used in simple statements, like:
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*他 <em>有</em> 我 帅 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>yǒu</em> wǒ shuài ma?</span><span class="trans">Is he as handsome as me?</span>
 +
*你 <em>有</em> 老板 忙 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>yǒu</em> lǎobǎn máng ma?</span><span class="trans">Are you as busy as the boss?</span>
 +
*他 <em>有</em> 姚明 高 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>yǒu</em> Yáo Míng gāo ma?</span><span class="trans">Is he as tall as YaoMing?</span>
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*纽约 人口 <em>有</em> 上海 人口 多 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Niǔyuē rénkǒu <em>yǒu</em> Shànghǎi rénkǒu duō ma?</span><span class="trans">Is the population of New York city as big as that of Shanghai?</span>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
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* 他 <em>有</em> 我 高。<span class="trans">He is as tall as me.</span>
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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== Structure with 那么 ==
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== Pattern Including a Verb ==
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If a verb is included in this pattern to talk about an action, it's probably going to involve a [[degree complement]] using this structure below: 
  
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This form is often used with 那么, which in this case means "as much". This is sort of like saying "You are as much tall as your brother", though that sentence is not very standard (and possibly grammatically incorrect).
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=== Structure ===
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
−
 
+
A + 有 + B + Verb + 得 + Adj. + 吗 ？
−
A 有 B + 那么 + Adjective + 吗？
 
−
 
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
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* 他 <em>有</em> 我 那么 帅 吗？<span class="trans">Is he as handsome as me?</span>
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−
* 她 <em>有</em> 我 那么 可爱 吗？<span class="trans">Is she as cute as me?</span>
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*他 <em>有</em> 我 做 <strong>得</strong> 好 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>yǒu</em> wǒ zuò <strong>de</strong> hǎo ma?</span><span class="trans">Can he do it as well as I do?</span>
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* 红酒 <em>有</em> 白酒 那么 好喝 吗？<span class="trans">Is red wine as good to drink as white wine?</span>
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*你 <em>有</em> Bolt 跑 <strong>得</strong> 快 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>yǒu</em> Bolt pǎo <strong>de</strong> kuài ma?</span><span class="trans">Can you run as fast as Bolt does?</span>
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* 你 的 儿子 <em>有</em> 我 的 那么 调皮 吗？<span class="trans">Is your son as naughty as mine?</span>
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* 你 的 中文 <em>有</em> John 那么 好 吗？<span class="trans">Is your Chinese as good as John's?</span>
 
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* 上海 的 房子 <em>有</em> 纽约 的 那么 贵 吗？<span class="trans">Are the apartments in Shanghai just as expensive as in New York?</span>
 
−
* 你 做 的 饭 <em>有</em> 我 做 的 那么 好吃 吗？<span class="trans">Is your cooked food just as good as mine?</span>
 
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* 你 的 衣服 <em>有</em> 我 的 那么 多 吗？<span class="trans">Do you have as much clothes as I do?</span>
 
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* 泰国 <em>有</em> 巴厘岛 那么 好玩 吗？<span class="trans">Is Thailand just as fun as Bali?</span>
 
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* 伦敦 的 人口 <em>有</em> 上海 那么 多 吗？<span class="trans">Is London's population as much as Shanghai's?</span>
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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== Advanced Pattern Using 这么 / 那么 ==
  
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Make sure that you use an adjective with this form. In English we may say something like "You have your mother's eyes", but you cannot say that in Chinese.
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This form is often used with 这么 or 那么, which in this case means "as much." And it indicates that B is already very [Adj.]. When B is absent, 那么 means "so" or "that".
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 +
=== Structure ===
 +
 
 +
<div class="jiegou">
 +
A + 有 (+ B) + 这么 / 那么 + Adj. + 吗 ？
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
=== Examples ===
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
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<ul>
 
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<li class="x">你 <em>有</em> 你 妈妈 的 眼睛。<span class="trans">You (literally) have your mother's eyes. (Incorrect) </span></li>
 
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<li class="o">你 的 眼睛 <em>有</em> 你 妈妈 的 眼睛 那么 大。<span class="trans">Your eyes are as big as your mother's eyes. </span></li>
 
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</ul>
 
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</div>
 
  
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*她 <em>有</em> <strong>那么</strong> 漂亮 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>yǒu</em>  <strong>nàme</strong> piàoliang ma?</span><span class="trans">Is she really that pretty? </span>
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*这个 药 <em>有</em> <strong>这么</strong> 神奇 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Zhège yào <em>yǒu</em> <strong>zhème</strong> shénqí ma?</span><span class="trans">Is this medicine really that magical? </span>
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*他 <em>有</em> 姚明 <strong>那么</strong> 高 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>yǒu</em> Yáo Míng <strong>nàme</strong> gāo ma?</span><span class="trans">Is he really as tall as YaoMing?</span>
 +
*你 <em>有</em> Bill Gates <strong>那么</strong> 有钱 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>yǒu</em> Bill  Gates <strong>nàme</strong> yǒuqián ma?</span><span class="trans">Are you as rich as Bill Gates?</span>
  
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The negative form of this grammar pattern is with [[Basic comparisons with "meiyou"| 没有]].
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</div>
  
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==See also==
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== See also ==
  
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* [[Basic comparisons with "meiyou" ]]
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* [[Basic comparisons with "meiyou"]]
 
* [[Basic comparisons with "bi"]]
 
* [[Basic comparisons with "bi"]]
 
* [[Basic comparisons with "bu bi"]]
 
* [[Basic comparisons with "bu bi"]]
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=== Books ===
 
=== Books ===
  
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* [[New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3)]] (pp. 33-4) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/756191251X/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=756191251X →buy]
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{{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3)|33-4}}
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+
{{Source|现代汉语八百词|631}}
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* [[现代汉语八百词]] (p.631) [http://www.amazon.cn/mn/detailApp?_encoding=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&asin=B001198GSW&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B001198GSW →buy]
 
  
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[[Category:A2 grammar points]]
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[[Category:B1 grammar points]]
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{{Basic Grammar|有|A2|A 有 B + Adjective + 吗？|他 <em>有</em> 我 帅 吗？|grammar point|ASG5DG95}}
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{{HSK|HSK3}}
 +
{{Basic Grammar|有|B1|Noun 1 有 Noun 2 + Adj. + 吗？|他 <em>有</em> 我 帅 吗 ？|grammar point|ASG5DG95}}
 
{{Rel char|没有}}
 
{{Rel char|没有}}
 +
{{Similar|Basic comparisons with "bi"}}
 +
{{Similar|Basic comparisons with "yiyang"}}
 +
{{Similar|Basic comparisons with "meiyou"}}
 +
{{Similar|Basic comparisons with "bu bi"}}
 +
{{Similar|Expressing "even more" with "geng" or "hai"}}
 +
{{Similar|Expressing "compared with" with "gen"}}
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{{Similar|Comparisons with "buru"}}
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{{Similar|Comparing specifically with "xiang"}}
 
{{Used for|Describing things}}
 
{{Used for|Describing things}}
 
{{Used for|Describing people}}
 
{{Used for|Describing people}}
 
{{Used for|Comparing}}
 
{{Used for|Comparing}}
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{{POS|Verbs}}
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{{Structure|Sentence Patterns}}
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{{Translation|have}}
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{{Subprop|Comparison Patterns}}

Latest revision as of 08:28, 22 April 2019

有 (yǒu), besides just meaning "to have," can also be used in comparisons. It's what you use instead of 比 (bǐ) if something is "as [Adj.] as" something else.

Basic Pattern

The structure literally means, "A has B's [Adj.]." The meaning is "A is as [Adj.] as B." This pattern is often used in questions. Think of the jealous girl asking, "is she as pretty as me?" or the insecure weightlifter bro asking, "is he as jacked as me?" Note that for this kind of question, B is usually the one that the speaker prefers.

Structure

A + 有 + B + Adj. + 吗 ？

This comparison pattern is generally only used in questions, not statements.

Examples

  • 他 有 我 帅 吗 ？Tā yǒu wǒ shuài ma?Is he as handsome as me?
  • 你 有 老板 忙 吗 ？Nǐ yǒu lǎobǎn máng ma?Are you as busy as the boss?
  • 他 有 姚明 高 吗 ？Tā yǒu Yáo Míng gāo ma?Is he as tall as YaoMing?
  • 纽约 人口 有 上海 人口 多 吗 ？Niǔyuē rénkǒu yǒu Shànghǎi rénkǒu duō ma?Is the population of New York city as big as that of Shanghai?

Pattern Including a Verb

If a verb is included in this pattern to talk about an action, it's probably going to involve a degree complement using this structure below:

Structure

A + 有 + B + Verb + 得 + Adj. + 吗 ？

Examples

  • 他 有 我 做 得 好 吗 ？Tā yǒu wǒ zuò de hǎo ma?Can he do it as well as I do?
  • 你 有 Bolt 跑 得 快 吗 ？Nǐ yǒu Bolt pǎo de kuài ma?Can you run as fast as Bolt does?

Advanced Pattern Using 这么 / 那么

This form is often used with 这么 or 那么, which in this case means "as much." And it indicates that B is already very [Adj.]. When B is absent, 那么 means "so" or "that".

Structure

A + 有 (+ B) + 这么 / 那么 + Adj. + 吗 ？

Examples

  • 她 有 那么 漂亮 吗 ？Tā yǒu nàme piàoliang ma?Is she really that pretty?
  • 这个 药 有 这么 神奇 吗 ？Zhège yào yǒu zhème shénqí ma?Is this medicine really that magical?
  • 他 有 姚明 那么 高 吗 ？Tā yǒu Yáo Míng nàme gāo ma?Is he really as tall as YaoMing?
  • 你 有 Bill Gates 那么 有钱 吗 ？Nǐ yǒu Bill Gates nàme yǒuqián ma?Are you as rich as Bill Gates?

See also

Sources and further reading

Books


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