Difference between revisions of "Complement "-zhao""
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{{Grammar Box}} | {{Grammar Box}} | ||
| − | When used as a resultative complement, 着 (zháo) expresses that the action has reached its purpose or has had an outcome. It can also be used as a potential complement, meaning "able to." | + | When used as a resultative complement, -着 (zháo) expresses that the action has reached its purpose or has had an outcome. It can also be used as a potential complement, meaning "able to." |
| − | ==Resultative Complement== | + | ==Resultative Complement -着== |
===Structure=== | ===Structure=== | ||
| − | All you have to do is put 着 after the verb. Remember that it should be something that you can reach or achieve. It could be a purpose, or it can be producing an outcome or an influence. | + | All you have to do is put -着 after the verb. Remember that it should be something that you can reach or achieve. It could be a purpose, or it can be producing an outcome or an influence. |
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
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<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | * | + | *宝宝 刚 <strong>睡</strong><em>着</em>。<span class="pinyin">Bǎobao gāng <strong>shuì</strong><em>zháo</em>.</span><span class="trans">The baby just fell asleep.</span> |
| − | * | + | *你 的 手机 <strong>找</strong><em>着</em> 了 吗？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ de shǒujī <strong>zhǎo</strong><em>zháo</em> le ma?</span><span class="trans">Did you find your cell phone?</span> |
| − | * | + | *超市 关门 了 ，你 要 的 东西 我 没 <strong>买</strong><em>着</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Chāoshì guānmén le, nǐ yào de dōngxi wǒ méi <strong>mǎi</strong><em>zháo</em>.</span><span class="trans">The supermarket is closed. I didn't buy things that you need.</span> |
| − | * | + | *我 终于 <strong>见</strong><em>着</em> 你 了。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ zhōngyú <strong>jiàn</strong><em>zháo</em> nǐ le.</span><span class="trans">I have finally met you.</span> |
| − | * | + | *最近 太 忙 了，他 <strong>累</strong><em>着</em> 了。<span class="pinyin">Zuìjìn tài máng le, tā <strong>lèi</strong><em>zháo</em> le.</span><span class="trans">I've been so busy lately, he's tired.</span> |
| − | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | You might be wondering: "''why the heck would I use this instead of [[Result complements "-dao" and "-jian"|到]]?''" | + | You might be wondering: "''why the heck would I use this instead of [[Result complements "-dao" and "-jian"|到]]?''" Hey, excellent question... we like the way you think! But native speakers ''do'' use 着 fairly often (especially in the north), so it's something you need to know. Also, 睡着 (shuì zháo), meaning "fall asleep," is an exception in that it is ''incorrect'' to say *睡到 to mean "fall asleep." |
| − | ==Potential | + | ==Potential Complements -得着 and -不着== |
===Structure=== | ===Structure=== | ||
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<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| − | Verb + | + | Verb + 得着 / 不着 |
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | When used with 得 or 不, 着 functions as a [[potential complement]], and denotes that one's one's ability is up (or not) to the task in question. | + | When used with 得 or 不, 着 functions as a [[potential complement]], and denotes that one's one's ability is up (or not) to the task in question. |
===Examples=== | ===Examples=== | ||
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | *现在 <em> | + | *现在 <strong>买</strong> <em>不 着</em> 这样 的 衣服 了。<span class="pinyin">Xiànzài <strong>mǎi</strong> <em>buzháo</em> zhèyàng de yīfu le.</span><span class="trans">You can't buy such clothes now.</span> |
| − | *晚上 我 <em> | + | *晚上 我 <strong>睡</strong> <em>不 着</em> 的 时候 就 看书。<span class="pinyin">Wǎnshang wǒ <strong>shuì</strong> <em>buzháo</em> de shíhou jiù kànshū.</span><span class="trans">At night when can't get to sleep, I read a book.</span> |
| − | *我 的 手机 <em> | + | *我 的 手机 <strong>找</strong> <em>不 着</em> 了。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ de shǒujī <strong>zhǎo</strong> <em>buzháo</em> le.</span><span class="trans">I can't find my cell phone.</span> |
| − | *这么 晚 了，<em> | + | *这么 晚 了，<strong>买</strong> <em>得 着</em> 吗？<span class="pinyin">Zhème wǎn le, <strong>mǎi</strong> <em>dezháo</em> ma?</span><span class="trans">It's so late already, can we buy it?</span> |
| − | *我 在 国外 <em> | + | *我 在 国外 <strong>吃</strong> <em>不 着</em> 地道 的 中国 菜 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ zài guówài <strong>chī</strong> <em>buzháo</em> dìdao de Zhōngguó cài.</span><span class="trans">Outside of China, I can't get authentic Chinese food.</span> |
</div> | </div> | ||
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[[Category: Result complement]] | [[Category: Result complement]] | ||
{{Basic Grammar|着|B2|Verb + 着|宝宝 刚 睡 <em>着</em>。|grammar point|ASGM5ZAB}} | {{Basic Grammar|着|B2|Verb + 着|宝宝 刚 睡 <em>着</em>。|grammar point|ASGM5ZAB}} | ||
| + | {{Rel char|不着}} | ||
{{Similar|Resultative Complement "kai"}} | {{Similar|Resultative Complement "kai"}} | ||
{{Similar|Resultative Complement "huai"}} | {{Similar|Resultative Complement "huai"}} | ||
Latest revision as of 02:50, 29 December 2020
When used as a resultative complement, -着 (zháo) expresses that the action has reached its purpose or has had an outcome. It can also be used as a potential complement, meaning "able to."
Contents
Resultative Complement -着
Structure
All you have to do is put -着 after the verb. Remember that it should be something that you can reach or achieve. It could be a purpose, or it can be producing an outcome or an influence.
Verb + 着
Remember: that 着 is pronounced "zháo and not "zhe"!
Examples
- 宝宝 刚 睡着。The baby just fell asleep.
- 你 的 手机 找着 了 吗？Did you find your cell phone?
- 超市 关门 了 ，你 要 的 东西 我 没 买着 。The supermarket is closed. I didn't buy things that you need.
- 我 终于 见着 你 了。I have finally met you.
- 最近 太 忙 了，他 累着 了。I've been so busy lately, he's tired.
You might be wondering: "why the heck would I use this instead of 到?" Hey, excellent question... we like the way you think! But native speakers do use 着 fairly often (especially in the north), so it's something you need to know. Also, 睡着 (shuì zháo), meaning "fall asleep," is an exception in that it is incorrect to say *睡到 to mean "fall asleep."
Potential Complements -得着 and -不着
Structure
Verb + 得着 / 不着
When used with 得 or 不, 着 functions as a potential complement, and denotes that one's one's ability is up (or not) to the task in question.
Examples
- 现在 买 不 着 这样 的 衣服 了。You can't buy such clothes now.
- 晚上 我 睡 不 着 的 时候 就 看书。At night when can't get to sleep, I read a book.
- 我 的 手机 找 不 着 了。I can't find my cell phone.
- 这么 晚 了，买 得 着 吗？It's so late already, can we buy it?
- 我 在 国外 吃 不 着 地道 的 中国 菜 。Outside of China, I can't get authentic Chinese food.
