Difference between revisions of "Complement "-zhao""
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| − | *宝宝 刚 <strong>睡</strong><em>着</em>。<span class="pinyin"> | + | *宝宝 刚 <strong>睡</strong><em>着</em>。<span class="pinyin">Bǎobao gāng <strong>shuì</strong><em>zháo</em>.</span><span class="trans">The baby just fell asleep.</span> |
*你 的 手机 <strong>找</strong><em>着</em> 了 吗？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ de shǒujī <strong>zhǎo</strong><em>zháo</em> le ma?</span><span class="trans">Did you find your cell phone?</span> | *你 的 手机 <strong>找</strong><em>着</em> 了 吗？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ de shǒujī <strong>zhǎo</strong><em>zháo</em> le ma?</span><span class="trans">Did you find your cell phone?</span> | ||
| − | *超市 关门 了 ，你 要 的 东西 我 没 <strong>买</strong><em>着</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Chāoshì guānmén le, nǐ yào de | + | *超市 关门 了 ，你 要 的 东西 我 没 <strong>买</strong><em>着</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Chāoshì guānmén le, nǐ yào de dōngxi wǒ méi <strong>mǎi</strong><em>zháo</em>.</span><span class="trans">The supermarket is closed. I didn't buy things that you need.</span> |
*我 终于 <strong>见</strong><em>着</em> 你 了。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ zhōngyú <strong>jiàn</strong><em>zháo</em> nǐ le.</span><span class="trans">I have finally met you.</span> | *我 终于 <strong>见</strong><em>着</em> 你 了。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ zhōngyú <strong>jiàn</strong><em>zháo</em> nǐ le.</span><span class="trans">I have finally met you.</span> | ||
*最近 太 忙 了，他 <strong>累</strong><em>着</em> 了。<span class="pinyin">Zuìjìn tài máng le, tā <strong>lèi</strong><em>zháo</em> le.</span><span class="trans">I've been so busy lately, he's tired.</span> | *最近 太 忙 了，他 <strong>累</strong><em>着</em> 了。<span class="pinyin">Zuìjìn tài máng le, tā <strong>lèi</strong><em>zháo</em> le.</span><span class="trans">I've been so busy lately, he's tired.</span> | ||
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*我 的 手机 <strong>找</strong> <em>不 着</em> 了。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ de shǒujī <strong>zhǎo</strong> <em>buzháo</em> le.</span><span class="trans">I can't find my cell phone.</span> | *我 的 手机 <strong>找</strong> <em>不 着</em> 了。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ de shǒujī <strong>zhǎo</strong> <em>buzháo</em> le.</span><span class="trans">I can't find my cell phone.</span> | ||
*这么 晚 了，<strong>买</strong> <em>得 着</em> 吗？<span class="pinyin">Zhème wǎn le, <strong>mǎi</strong> <em>dezháo</em> ma?</span><span class="trans">It's so late already, can we buy it?</span> | *这么 晚 了，<strong>买</strong> <em>得 着</em> 吗？<span class="pinyin">Zhème wǎn le, <strong>mǎi</strong> <em>dezháo</em> ma?</span><span class="trans">It's so late already, can we buy it?</span> | ||
| − | *我 在 国外 <strong>吃</strong> <em>不 着</em> 地道 的 中国 菜 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ zài guówài <strong>chī</strong> <em>buzháo</em> | + | *我 在 国外 <strong>吃</strong> <em>不 着</em> 地道 的 中国 菜 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ zài guówài <strong>chī</strong> <em>buzháo</em> dìdao de Zhōngguó cài.</span><span class="trans">Outside of China, I can't get authentic Chinese food.</span> |
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Latest revision as of 02:50, 29 December 2020
When used as a resultative complement, -着 (zháo) expresses that the action has reached its purpose or has had an outcome. It can also be used as a potential complement, meaning "able to."
Contents
Resultative Complement -着
Structure
All you have to do is put -着 after the verb. Remember that it should be something that you can reach or achieve. It could be a purpose, or it can be producing an outcome or an influence.
Verb + 着
Remember: that 着 is pronounced "zháo and not "zhe"!
Examples
- 宝宝 刚 睡着。The baby just fell asleep.
- 你 的 手机 找着 了 吗？Did you find your cell phone?
- 超市 关门 了 ，你 要 的 东西 我 没 买着 。The supermarket is closed. I didn't buy things that you need.
- 我 终于 见着 你 了。I have finally met you.
- 最近 太 忙 了，他 累着 了。I've been so busy lately, he's tired.
You might be wondering: "why the heck would I use this instead of 到?" Hey, excellent question... we like the way you think! But native speakers do use 着 fairly often (especially in the north), so it's something you need to know. Also, 睡着 (shuì zháo), meaning "fall asleep," is an exception in that it is incorrect to say *睡到 to mean "fall asleep."
Potential Complements -得着 and -不着
Structure
Verb + 得着 / 不着
When used with 得 or 不, 着 functions as a potential complement, and denotes that one's one's ability is up (or not) to the task in question.
Examples
- 现在 买 不 着 这样 的 衣服 了。You can't buy such clothes now.
- 晚上 我 睡 不 着 的 时候 就 看书。At night when can't get to sleep, I read a book.
- 我 的 手机 找 不 着 了。I can't find my cell phone.
- 这么 晚 了，买 得 着 吗？It's so late already, can we buy it?
- 我 在 国外 吃 不 着 地道 的 中国 菜 。Outside of China, I can't get authentic Chinese food.
