Difference between revisions of "Advanced uses of "hai""
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{{Grammar Box}} | {{Grammar Box}} | ||
| + | Aside from its [[还|other uses]], 还 (hái) can be used to express a surprised or sarcastic tone, and can also be used with rhetorical questions. | ||
| − | + | == Expressing a Tone of Surprise == | |
| − | + | === Structure === | |
| − | == 还 | + | Often used with 呢, this sentence structure expresses that the situation as irrational, uncommon, or unexpected. |
| + | |||
| + | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| + | Subj. + 还 + Predicate (+ 呢) | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Examples === | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="liju"> | ||
| + | |||
| + | *这个 小孩 <em>还</em> 真 聪明 ！<span class="pinyin">Zhège xiǎohái <em>hái</em> zhēn cōngming!</span><span class="trans">This kid is brilliant!</span> | ||
| + | *<em>还</em> 留 过 学 <strong>呢</strong> ，英语 这么 差 ！<span class="pinyin"><em>Hái</em> liú guo xué <strong>ne</strong>, Yīngyǔ zhème chà!</span><span class="trans">He's even studied abroad, yet his English is so terrible!</span> | ||
| + | *都 怪 你 ，你 <em>还</em> 生气 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Dōu guài nǐ, nǐ <em>hái</em> shēngqì <strong>ne</strong>.</span><span class="trans">It's all your fault, yet you're the one who's mad.</span> | ||
| + | |||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Expressing a Tone of Sarcasm == | ||
=== Structure === | === Structure === | ||
| − | + | It can also be used to express astonishment, dissatisfaction, or sarcasm. | |
| + | |||
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| − | Subj. + 还 + | + | Subj. + 还 + Noun Phrase (+ 呢) |
</div> | </div> | ||
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<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | * | + | *<em>还</em> 好朋友 <strong>呢</strong> ，天天 说 我 坏话 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Hái</em> hǎo péngyou <strong>ne</strong>, tiāntiān shuō wǒ huàihuà.</span><span class="trans">What a "good friend"! Talking trash about me every day.</span> |
| − | *<em>还</em> | + | *<em>还</em> 大 老板 <strong>呢</strong> ，一点 也 不 大方 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Hái</em> dà lǎobǎn <strong>ne</strong>, yīdiǎn yě bù dàfang.</span><span class="trans">Some "big boss," not generous in the least.</span> |
| − | * | + | *<em>还</em> 夸 我 中文 好 <strong>呢</strong> ，我 说 的 每 句 中文 你 都 纠正 我。<span class="pinyin"><em>Hái</em> kuā wǒ zhōngwén hǎo <strong>ne</strong>, wǒ shuō de měi jù zhōngwén nǐ dōu jiūzhèng wǒ.</span><span class="trans">And you say my Chinese is good! Yet you're correcting me on every Chinese sentence I say...</span> |
| − | + | </div> | |
| − | |||
| − | + | == Used in a Rhetorical Question == | |
| − | + | 还 can change a statement into a rhetorical question when used with 吗. | |
=== Structure === | === Structure === | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
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<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | *他 那么 | + | *他 那么 有钱 ，<em>还</em> 在乎 这 点 钱 <strong>吗</strong> ？<span class="pinyin">Tā nàme yǒu qián, <em>hái</em> zàihu zhè diǎn qián <strong>ma</strong>?</span><span class="trans">He has so much money, would he really care about this small amount?</span> |
| − | *这 种 人 你 <em>还</em> 相信 ？<span class="pinyin">Zhè zhǒng rén nǐ <em>hái</em> xiāngxìn?</span><span class="trans"> | + | *这 种 人 你 <em>还</em> 相信 <strong>吗</strong> ？<span class="pinyin">Zhè zhǒng rén nǐ <em>hái</em> xiāngxìn <strong>ma</strong>?</span><span class="trans">Would you believe this kind of person?</span> |
| − | *过期 的 牛奶 你 <em>还</em> 喝 ？<span class="pinyin">Guòqī de niúnǎi nǐ <em>hái</em> hē?</span><span class="trans">?</span> | + | *过期 的 牛奶 你 <em>还</em> 喝 <strong>吗</strong> ？<span class="pinyin">Guòqī de niúnǎi nǐ <em>hái</em> hē <strong>ma</strong>?</span><span class="trans">Would you drink expired milk?</span> |
| − | *今天 这么 热，你 <em>还</em> 出门 ？<span class="pinyin">Jīntiān zhème rè, nǐ <em>hái</em> chūmén?</span><span class="trans">?</span> | + | *今天 这么 热，你 <em>还</em> 出门 <strong>吗</strong> ？<span class="pinyin">Jīntiān zhème rè, nǐ <em>hái</em> chūmén <strong>ma</strong>?</span><span class="trans">It's so hot today, yet you're going out now?</span> |
| − | + | *他 说 的 话，你 <em>还</em> 听 <strong>吗</strong> ？<span class="pinyin">Tā shuō de huà, nǐ <em>hái</em> tīng <strong>ma</strong>?</span><span class="trans>Are you going to listen to what he says?</span> | |
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | == See | + | == See also == |
* [[Moderating positive adjectives with "hai"]] | * [[Moderating positive adjectives with "hai"]] | ||
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[[Category:B2 grammar points]] | [[Category:B2 grammar points]] | ||
| − | {{Basic Grammar|还|B2|Subj. + 还 + | + | {{Basic Grammar|还|B2|Subj. + 还 + Predicate + 呢|<em>还</em> 好朋友 <strong>呢</strong> ，天天 说 我 坏话 。|grammar point|ASG4807F}} |
| + | {{Rel char|吗}} | ||
{{Used for|Expressing attitude}} | {{Used for|Expressing attitude}} | ||
{{Used for|Expressing degree}} | {{Used for|Expressing degree}} | ||
| + | {{Used for|Asking questions}} | ||
| + | {{Used for|Asking rhetorical questions}} | ||
{{Similar|Moderating positive adjectives with "hai"}} | {{Similar|Moderating positive adjectives with "hai"}} | ||
{{Similar|Expressing "and also" with "hai"}} | {{Similar|Expressing "and also" with "hai"}} | ||
{{Similar|Continuation with "hai"}} | {{Similar|Continuation with "hai"}} | ||
| + | {{Similar|Expressing "not only… but also"}} | ||
| + | {{Similar|Simple rhetorical questions}} | ||
| + | {{Similar|}} | ||
| + | {{Similar|}} | ||
{{POS|Adverbs}} | {{POS|Adverbs}} | ||
{{Translation|even}} | {{Translation|even}} | ||
Latest revision as of 09:12, 18 January 2021
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Used for
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Keywords
Aside from its other uses, 还 (hái) can be used to express a surprised or sarcastic tone, and can also be used with rhetorical questions.
Contents
Expressing a Tone of Surprise
Structure
Often used with 呢, this sentence structure expresses that the situation as irrational, uncommon, or unexpected.
Subj. + 还 + Predicate (+ 呢)
Examples
- 这个 小孩 还 真 聪明 ！This kid is brilliant!
- 还 留 过 学 呢 ，英语 这么 差 ！He's even studied abroad, yet his English is so terrible!
- 都 怪 你 ，你 还 生气 呢 。It's all your fault, yet you're the one who's mad.
Expressing a Tone of Sarcasm
Structure
It can also be used to express astonishment, dissatisfaction, or sarcasm.
Subj. + 还 + Noun Phrase (+ 呢)
Examples
- 还 好朋友 呢 ，天天 说 我 坏话 。What a "good friend"! Talking trash about me every day.
- 还 大 老板 呢 ，一点 也 不 大方 。Some "big boss," not generous in the least.
- 还 夸 我 中文 好 呢 ，我 说 的 每 句 中文 你 都 纠正 我。And you say my Chinese is good! Yet you're correcting me on every Chinese sentence I say...
Used in a Rhetorical Question
还 can change a statement into a rhetorical question when used with 吗.
Structure
Subj. + 还 + [Verb Phrase] + 吗 ?
Examples
- 他 那么 有钱 ，还 在乎 这 点 钱 吗 ？He has so much money, would he really care about this small amount?
- 这 种 人 你 还 相信 吗 ？Would you believe this kind of person?
- 过期 的 牛奶 你 还 喝 吗 ？Would you drink expired milk?
- 今天 这么 热，你 还 出门 吗 ？It's so hot today, yet you're going out now?
- 他 说 的 话，你 还 听 吗 ？Are you going to listen to what he says?
