Difference between revisions of "Advanced uses of "hai""
 
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Aside from its [[还|other uses]], 还 (hái) can be used to express a surprised or sarcastic tone, and can also be used with rhetorical questions.  
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This article focuses on two of the advanced usages of 还. It can be used to express a surprised or shocked tone.  
 
  
 
== Expressing a Tone of Surprise ==
 
== Expressing a Tone of Surprise ==
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=== Structure ===
 
=== Structure ===
  
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Often used with 呢, this sentence structure expresses the situation as irrational, uncommon, and unexpected.
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Often used with 呢, this sentence structure expresses that the situation as irrational, uncommon, or unexpected.
  
 
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*这个 小孩 <em>还</em> 真 聪明 ！<span class="pinyin">Zhège xiǎohái <em>hái</em> zhēn cōngmíng!</span><span class="trans">This kid is brilliant!</span>
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*这个 小孩 <em>还</em> 真 聪明 ！<span class="pinyin">Zhège xiǎohái <em>hái</em> zhēn cōngming!</span><span class="trans">This kid is brilliant!</span>
 
*<em>还</em> 留 过 学 <strong>呢</strong> ，英语 这么 差 ！<span class="pinyin"><em>Hái</em> liú guo xué <strong>ne</strong>, Yīngyǔ zhème chà!</span><span class="trans">He's even studied abroad, yet his English is so terrible!</span>
 
*<em>还</em> 留 过 学 <strong>呢</strong> ，英语 这么 差 ！<span class="pinyin"><em>Hái</em> liú guo xué <strong>ne</strong>, Yīngyǔ zhème chà!</span><span class="trans">He's even studied abroad, yet his English is so terrible!</span>
 
*都 怪 你 ，你 <em>还</em> 生气 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Dōu guài nǐ, nǐ <em>hái</em> shēngqì <strong>ne</strong>.</span><span class="trans">It's all your fault, yet you're the one who's mad.</span>
 
*都 怪 你 ，你 <em>还</em> 生气 <strong>呢</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Dōu guài nǐ, nǐ <em>hái</em> shēngqì <strong>ne</strong>.</span><span class="trans">It's all your fault, yet you're the one who's mad.</span>
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*<em>还</em> 好朋友 <strong>呢</strong> ，天天 说 我 坏话 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Hái</em> hǎo péngyou <strong>ne</strong>, tiāntiān shuō wǒ huàihuà.</span><span class="trans">What a "good friend"! Talking trash about me every day.</span>
 
*<em>还</em> 好朋友 <strong>呢</strong> ，天天 说 我 坏话 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Hái</em> hǎo péngyou <strong>ne</strong>, tiāntiān shuō wǒ huàihuà.</span><span class="trans">What a "good friend"! Talking trash about me every day.</span>
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*<em>还</em> 大 老板 <strong>呢</strong> ，一点 也 不 大方 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Hái</em> dà lǎobǎn <strong>ne</strong>, yīdiǎn yě bù dàfāng.</span><span class="trans">Some "big boss," not generous in the least.</span>
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*<em>还</em> 大 老板 <strong>呢</strong> ，一点 也 不 大方 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Hái</em> dà lǎobǎn <strong>ne</strong>, yīdiǎn yě bù dàfang.</span><span class="trans">Some "big boss," not generous in the least.</span>
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*<em>还</em> 夸 我 中文 好 <strong>呢</strong> ，我 说 的 每 句 中文 你 都 纠正 我。<span class="pinyin"><em>Hái</em> kuā wǒ zhōngwén hǎo <strong>ne</strong>, wǒ shuō de měi jù zhōngwén nǐ dōu jiūzhèng wǒ.</span><span class="trans">And you say my Chinese is good! Yet you're correcting me on every Chinese sentence I say...</span>
 
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== Used in a Rhetorical Question ==
 
== Used in a Rhetorical Question ==
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还 can change a statement into a rhetorical question when used with 吗.
  
 
=== Structure ===
 
=== Structure ===
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When used with "吗", it changes the statement into a rhetorical question. 跟"吗"连用，加强反问语气。
 
  
 
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*他 那么 有钱 ，<em>还</em> 在乎 这 点 钱 <strong>吗</strong> ？<span class="pinyin">Tā nàme yǒu qián, <em>hái</em> zàihū zhè diǎn qián <strong>ma</strong>?</span><span class="trans">He has so much money, will he care about this small amount of money?</span>
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*他 那么 有钱 ，<em>还</em> 在乎 这 点 钱 <strong>吗</strong> ？<span class="pinyin">Tā nàme yǒu qián, <em>hái</em> zàihu zhè diǎn qián <strong>ma</strong>?</span><span class="trans">He has so much money, would he really care about this small amount?</span>
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*这 种 人 你 <em>还</em> 相信 <strong>吗</strong> ？<span class="pinyin">Zhè zhǒng rén nǐ <em>hái</em> xiāngxìn <strong>ma</strong>?</span><span class="trans">Do you even believe this type of person?</span>
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*这 种 人 你 <em>还</em> 相信 <strong>吗</strong> ？<span class="pinyin">Zhè zhǒng rén nǐ <em>hái</em> xiāngxìn <strong>ma</strong>?</span><span class="trans">Would you believe this kind of person?</span>
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*过期 的 牛奶 你 <em>还</em> 喝 <strong>吗</strong> ？<span class="pinyin">Guòqí de niúnǎi nǐ <em>hái</em> hē <strong>ma</strong>?</span><span class="trans">The milk is expired, yet you're going to drink it?</span>
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*过期 的 牛奶 你 <em>还</em> 喝 <strong>吗</strong> ？<span class="pinyin">Guòqī de niúnǎi nǐ <em>hái</em> hē <strong>ma</strong>?</span><span class="trans">Would you drink expired milk?</span>
 
*今天 这么 热，你 <em>还</em> 出门 <strong>吗</strong> ？<span class="pinyin">Jīntiān zhème rè, nǐ <em>hái</em> chūmén <strong>ma</strong>?</span><span class="trans">It's so hot today, yet you're going out now?</span>
 
*今天 这么 热，你 <em>还</em> 出门 <strong>吗</strong> ？<span class="pinyin">Jīntiān zhème rè, nǐ <em>hái</em> chūmén <strong>ma</strong>?</span><span class="trans">It's so hot today, yet you're going out now?</span>
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*他 说的 话，你 <em>还</em> 听 <strong>吗</strong> ？<span class="pinyin">Tā shuō dehuà, nǐ <em>hái</em> tīng <strong>ma</strong>?</span><span class="trans>Did you listen to what he said?</span>
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*他 说 的 话，你 <em>还</em> 听 <strong>吗</strong> ？<span class="pinyin">Tā shuō de huà, nǐ <em>hái</em> tīng <strong>ma</strong>?</span><span class="trans>Are you going to listen to what he says?</span>
 
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* [[Expressing "and also" with "hai"]]
 
* [[Expressing "and also" with "hai"]]
 
* [[Continuation with "hai"]]
 
* [[Continuation with "hai"]]
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== Sources and further reading ==
 
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=== Books ===
 
  
 
[[Category:B2 grammar points]]
 
[[Category:B2 grammar points]]
 
{{Basic Grammar|还|B2|Subj. + 还 + Predicate + 呢|<em>还</em> 好朋友 <strong>呢</strong> ，天天 说 我 坏话 。|grammar point|ASG4807F}}
 
{{Basic Grammar|还|B2|Subj. + 还 + Predicate + 呢|<em>还</em> 好朋友 <strong>呢</strong> ，天天 说 我 坏话 。|grammar point|ASG4807F}}
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{{Rel char|吗}}
 
{{Used for|Expressing attitude}}
 
{{Used for|Expressing attitude}}
 
{{Used for|Expressing degree}}
 
{{Used for|Expressing degree}}
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{{Used for|Asking questions}}
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{{Used for|Asking rhetorical questions}}
 
{{Similar|Moderating positive adjectives with "hai"}}
 
{{Similar|Moderating positive adjectives with "hai"}}
 
{{Similar|Expressing "and also" with "hai"}}
 
{{Similar|Expressing "and also" with "hai"}}
 
{{Similar|Continuation with "hai"}}
 
{{Similar|Continuation with "hai"}}
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{{Similar|Expressing "not only… but also"}}
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{{Similar|Simple rhetorical questions}}
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{{Similar|}}
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{{Similar|}}
 
{{POS|Adverbs}}
 
{{POS|Adverbs}}
 
{{Translation|even}}
 
{{Translation|even}}

Latest revision as of 09:12, 18 January 2021

Aside from its other uses, 还 (hái) can be used to express a surprised or sarcastic tone, and can also be used with rhetorical questions.

Expressing a Tone of Surprise

Structure

Often used with 呢, this sentence structure expresses that the situation as irrational, uncommon, or unexpected.

Subj. + 还 + Predicate (+ 呢)

Examples

  • 这个 小孩 还 真 聪明 ！Zhège xiǎohái hái zhēn cōngming!This kid is brilliant!
  • 还 留 过 学 呢 ，英语 这么 差 ！Hái liú guo xué ne, Yīngyǔ zhème chà!He's even studied abroad, yet his English is so terrible!
  • 都 怪 你 ，你 还 生气 呢 。Dōu guài nǐ, nǐ hái shēngqì ne.It's all your fault, yet you're the one who's mad.

Expressing a Tone of Sarcasm

Structure

It can also be used to express astonishment, dissatisfaction, or sarcasm.

Subj. + 还 + Noun Phrase (+ 呢)

Examples

  • 还 好朋友 呢 ，天天 说 我 坏话 。Hái hǎo péngyou ne, tiāntiān shuō wǒ huàihuà.What a "good friend"! Talking trash about me every day.
  • 还 大 老板 呢 ，一点 也 不 大方 。Hái dà lǎobǎn ne, yīdiǎn yě bù dàfang.Some "big boss," not generous in the least.
  • 还 夸 我 中文 好 呢 ，我 说 的 每 句 中文 你 都 纠正 我。Hái kuā wǒ zhōngwén hǎo ne, wǒ shuō de měi jù zhōngwén nǐ dōu jiūzhèng wǒ.And you say my Chinese is good! Yet you're correcting me on every Chinese sentence I say...

Used in a Rhetorical Question

还 can change a statement into a rhetorical question when used with 吗.

Structure

Subj. + 还 + [Verb Phrase] + 吗 ?

Examples

  • 他 那么 有钱 ，还 在乎 这 点 钱 吗 ？Tā nàme yǒu qián, hái zàihu zhè diǎn qián ma?He has so much money, would he really care about this small amount?
  • 这 种 人 你 还 相信 吗 ？Zhè zhǒng rén nǐ hái xiāngxìn ma?Would you believe this kind of person?
  • 过期 的 牛奶 你 还 喝 吗 ？Guòqī de niúnǎi nǐ hái hē ma?Would you drink expired milk?
  • 今天 这么 热，你 还 出门 吗 ？Jīntiān zhème rè, nǐ hái chūmén ma?It's so hot today, yet you're going out now?
  • 他 说 的 话，你 还 听 吗 ？Tā shuō de huà, nǐ hái tīng ma?Are you going to listen to what he says?

See also

HSK5
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