Difference between revisions of "Expressing close possession without "de""
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| − | [[Expressing possession with "de"|Expressing possession]] in Chinese is accomplished with the particle [[的]] (de). But sometimes when certain (especially close) relationships are involved, it's more | + | [[Expressing possession with "de"|Expressing possession]] in Chinese is accomplished with the particle [[的]] (de). But sometimes when certain (especially close) relationships are involved, it's more natural to drop the 的 (de). |
| − | + | == Structure == | |
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
| − | Normally [[Expressing possession|possession]] is expressed | + | Normally [[Expressing possession with "de"|possession]] is expressed using the [[particle]] 的 (de). However, you can omit 的 (de) in these cases: |
| − | * A close personal relationship (family, close friends, boyfriends | + | * A close personal relationship is involved (family, close friends, boyfriends or girlfriends) |
| − | * An institutional or organizational relationship (school, work) | + | * An institutional or organizational relationship is involved (school, work) |
In these cases 的 (de) '''should be''' omitted. It doesn't sound as natural if you leave it in. | In these cases 的 (de) '''should be''' omitted. It doesn't sound as natural if you leave it in. | ||
| − | + | == Examples == | |
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
* <em>我 家</em> 很 大。<span class="pinyin"><em>Wǒ jiā</em> hěn dà.</span><span class="trans">My house is very big.</span> | * <em>我 家</em> 很 大。<span class="pinyin"><em>Wǒ jiā</em> hěn dà.</span><span class="trans">My house is very big.</span> | ||
| − | * <em>你 哥哥</em> 很 高 。<span class="pinyin"><Em> Nǐ gēge </em> hěn gāo.</span><span class="trans">Your big brother is very tall.</span> | + | * <em>你 哥哥</em> 很 高 。<span class="pinyin"><Em> Nǐ gēge</em> hěn gāo.</span><span class="trans">Your big brother is very tall.</span> |
* 这 是 <em>我 女朋友</em>。 <span class="pinyin">Zhè shì <em>wǒ nǚpéngyou</em>.</span><span class="trans">This is my girlfriend.</span> | * 这 是 <em>我 女朋友</em>。 <span class="pinyin">Zhè shì <em>wǒ nǚpéngyou</em>.</span><span class="trans">This is my girlfriend.</span> | ||
| − | * <em>她 妈妈</em> 很 漂亮。<span class="pinyin"><Em>Tā | + | * <em>她 妈妈</em> 很 漂亮。<span class="pinyin"><Em>Tā māma</em> hěn piàoliang.</span><span class="trans">Her mom is very pretty.</span> |
* <em>我们 学校</em> 很 大 。<span class="pinyin"><Em>Wǒmen xuéxiào</em> hěn dà.</span><span class="trans">Our school is big.</span> | * <em>我们 学校</em> 很 大 。<span class="pinyin"><Em>Wǒmen xuéxiào</em> hěn dà.</span><span class="trans">Our school is big.</span> | ||
* <em>他们 公司</em> 在 北京。<span class="pinyin"><Em>Tāmen gōngsī</em> zài Běijīng.</span><span class="trans">Their company is in Bejing.</span> | * <em>他们 公司</em> 在 北京。<span class="pinyin"><Em>Tāmen gōngsī</em> zài Běijīng.</span><span class="trans">Their company is in Bejing.</span> | ||
| − | * <em>你 男朋友</em> 很 帅。<span class="pinyin"><Em>Nǐ | + | * <em>你 男朋友</em> 很 帅。<span class="pinyin"><Em>Nǐ nánpéngyou</em> hěn shuài.</span><span class="trans">Your boyfriend is very handsome.</span> |
* <em>他 儿子</em> 很 有名。<span class="pinyin"><Em>Tā érzi</em> hěn yǒumíng.</span><span class="trans">His son is really famous.</span> | * <em>他 儿子</em> 很 有名。<span class="pinyin"><Em>Tā érzi</em> hěn yǒumíng.</span><span class="trans">His son is really famous.</span> | ||
* <em>我 女儿</em> 会 说 英语。<span class="pinyin"><Em>Wǒ nǚ'ér</em> huì shuō Yīngyǔ.</span><span class="trans">My daughter can speak English.</span> | * <em>我 女儿</em> 会 说 英语。<span class="pinyin"><Em>Wǒ nǚ'ér</em> huì shuō Yīngyǔ.</span><span class="trans">My daughter can speak English.</span> | ||
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=== Books === | === Books === | ||
| − | + | {{Source|HSK Standard Course 1|24}} | |
| − | + | {{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed)|76}} | |
| − | + | {{Source|Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second Edition|31}} | |
| + | {{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 1 (新实用汉语课本1)|87}} | ||
[[Category:A1 grammar points]] | [[Category:A1 grammar points]] | ||
| + | {{HSK|HSK1}}{{2021-HSK|HSK1}} | ||
{{Used for|Expressing possession}} | {{Used for|Expressing possession}} | ||
| − | {{Basic Grammar|的|A1|Pronoun + Noun|我 | + | {{Basic Grammar|的|A1|Pronoun + Noun|我 女朋友|grammar point|ASGCI0KG}} |
{{Similar|Expressing possession with "de"}} | {{Similar|Expressing possession with "de"}} | ||
{{Similar|Modifying nouns with adjective + "de"}} | {{Similar|Modifying nouns with adjective + "de"}} | ||
Latest revision as of 09:23, 20 April 2021
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Level
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Keywords
Expressing possession in Chinese is accomplished with the particle 的 (de). But sometimes when certain (especially close) relationships are involved, it's more natural to drop the 的 (de).
Structure
Pronoun + Noun
Normally possession is expressed using the particle 的 (de). However, you can omit 的 (de) in these cases:
- A close personal relationship is involved (family, close friends, boyfriends or girlfriends)
- An institutional or organizational relationship is involved (school, work)
In these cases 的 (de) should be omitted. It doesn't sound as natural if you leave it in.
Examples
- 我 家 很 大。My house is very big.
- 你 哥哥 很 高 。Your big brother is very tall.
- 这 是 我 女朋友。 This is my girlfriend.
- 她 妈妈 很 漂亮。Her mom is very pretty.
- 我们 学校 很 大 。Our school is big.
- 他们 公司 在 北京。Their company is in Bejing.
- 你 男朋友 很 帅。Your boyfriend is very handsome.
- 他 儿子 很 有名。His son is really famous.
- 我 女儿 会 说 英语。My daughter can speak English.
- 他 爸爸 是 我们 公司 的 老板。His dad is the boss of our company.
If 的 (de) was used in the above examples, it would create an unnatural sense of distance between the two.
See also
- Expressing possession with "de"
- Modifying nouns with adjective + "de"
- Modifying nouns with phrase + "de"
