Difference between revisions of "Expressing "for" with "gei""
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{{Grammar Box}} | {{Grammar Box}} | ||
| − | The preposition 给 (gěi) can mean "for," as in, "everything I do, I do it ''for'' you." You can also think of it | + | The preposition 给 (gěi) can mean "for," as in, "everything I do, I do it ''for'' you." You can also think of it as meaning "give," like to give a service or to give something to someone. In this case, the default position of the character is before the verb, although it sometimes comes after, depending on the verb. |
== Structure == | == Structure == | ||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| − | Subj. + 给 + Recipient + Verb | + | Subj. + 给 + Recipient + [Verb Phrase] |
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | Note that the "recipient" in the pattern above is usually a person | + | Note that the "recipient" in the pattern above is usually a person but isn't necessarily a person. It could be an animal, company, or any number of other types of recipients. |
== Examples == | == Examples == | ||
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<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | * | + | *<em>给</em> 客人 <strong>倒茶</strong> 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Gěi</em> kèrén <strong>dàochá</strong>.</span><span class="trans">Pour tea for the guests.</span> |
| − | * | + | *妈妈 在 <em>给</em> 孩子 们 <strong>做饭</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Māma zài <em>gěi</em> háizi men <strong>zuòfàn</strong>.</span><span class="trans">Mom cooks for the kids.</span> |
| − | *<em>给</em> | + | *我 儿子 喜欢 <em>给</em> 小狗 <strong>洗澡</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ érzi xǐhuan <em>gěi</em> xiǎogǒu <strong>xǐzǎo</strong>.</span><span class="trans">My son likes giving our dog a bath.</span> |
| − | * | + | *请 <em>给</em> 我 <strong>拿</strong> 一 双 筷子 。<span class="pinyin">Qǐng <em>gěi</em> wǒ <strong>ná</strong> yī shuāng kuàizi.</span><span class="trans">Please get a pair of chopsticks for me.</span> |
| − | * | + | *可以 <em>给</em> 我 <strong>买</strong> 一 杯 咖啡 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Kěyǐ <em>gěi</em> wǒ <strong>mǎi</strong> yī bēi kāfēi ma?</span><span class="trans">Could you buy me a cup of coffee?</span> |
| − | * | + | *可以 <em>给</em> 我 <strong>拿 一下</strong> 行李 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Kěyǐ <em>gěi</em> wǒ <strong>ná yīxià</strong> xíngli ma?</span><span class="trans">Can you take my luggage for me?</span> |
| − | * | + | *这个 周末 我们 <em>给</em> 儿子 <strong>开 生日 派对</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Zhège zhōumò wǒmen <em>gěi</em> érzi <strong>kāi shēngrì pàiduì</strong>.</span><span class="trans">We're going to hold a birthday party for our son this weekend.</span> |
| − | *我 没 带 钥匙 ，你 能 <em>给</em> 我 开 一下 门 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Wǒ méi dài yàoshi, nǐ néng <em>gěi</em> wǒ kāi yīxià mén ma?</span><span class="trans">I | + | *我 没 带 钥匙 ，你 能 <em>给</em> 我 <strong>开 一下 门</strong> 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Wǒ méi dài yàoshi, nǐ néng <em>gěi</em> wǒ <strong>kāi yīxià mén</strong> ma?</span><span class="trans">I didn't bring the key. Could you open the door for me?</span> |
| − | * | + | *你 想 <em>给</em> 我 <strong>打扫</strong> 房间 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ xiǎng <em>gěi</em> wǒ <strong>dǎsǎo</strong> fángjiān ma?</span><span class="trans">Would you like to clean the room for me? </span> |
| − | * | + | *如果 你 来 中国 玩 ，我 <em>给</em> 你 <strong>当 导游</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Rúguǒ nǐ lái Zhōngguó wán, wǒ <em>gěi</em> nǐ <strong>dāng dǎoyóu</strong>.</span><span class="trans">If you come visit China, I'll be your tour guide.</span> |
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | ==See also== | + | == See also == |
* [[Expressing "with" with "gen"]] | * [[Expressing "with" with "gen"]] | ||
| Line 36: | Line 36: | ||
* [[Using "dui"]] | * [[Using "dui"]] | ||
* [[Expressing "for" with "wei"]] | * [[Expressing "for" with "wei"]] | ||
| − | |||
== Sources and further reading == | == Sources and further reading == | ||
| Line 42: | Line 41: | ||
=== Books === | === Books === | ||
| − | + | {{Source|现代汉语虚词例释|196}} | |
=== Dictionaries === | === Dictionaries === | ||
| − | + | ||
| + | {{Source|现代汉语词典（第5版）|464}} | ||
[[Category:B1 grammar points]] | [[Category:B1 grammar points]] | ||
| − | {{Basic Grammar|给|B1|Subj. + 给 + Recipient + Verb | + | {{HSK|HSK2}}{{2021-HSK|HSK2}} |
| + | {{Basic Grammar|给|B1|Subj. + 给 + Recipient + Verb Phrase|妈妈 在 <em>给</em> 孩子 们 做饭 。|grammar point|ASGLHAV3}} | ||
{{Similar|Using "dui"}} | {{Similar|Using "dui"}} | ||
{{Similar|Verbs followed by "gei"}} | {{Similar|Verbs followed by "gei"}} | ||
{{Similar|Verbs preceded by "gei"}} | {{Similar|Verbs preceded by "gei"}} | ||
| + | {{Similar|Expressing "for" with "wei"}} | ||
| + | {{Similar|Comparing "gei" and "wei"}} | ||
{{Used for|Expressing Purpose}} | {{Used for|Expressing Purpose}} | ||
{{POS|Prepositions}} | {{POS|Prepositions}} | ||
{{Translation|for}} | {{Translation|for}} | ||
Latest revision as of 08:55, 21 April 2021
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Level
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Similar to
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Used for
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Keywords
The preposition 给 (gěi) can mean "for," as in, "everything I do, I do it for you." You can also think of it as meaning "give," like to give a service or to give something to someone. In this case, the default position of the character is before the verb, although it sometimes comes after, depending on the verb.
Structure
The meaning of 给 is very similar to 为 (wèi) in Chinese, but 给 is more informal than 为, and there are many cases where it's simply based on convention and general practice to decide to use one or the other.
Subj. + 给 + Recipient + [Verb Phrase]
Note that the "recipient" in the pattern above is usually a person but isn't necessarily a person. It could be an animal, company, or any number of other types of recipients.
Examples
- 给 客人 倒茶 。Pour tea for the guests.
- 妈妈 在 给 孩子 们 做饭 。Mom cooks for the kids.
- 我 儿子 喜欢 给 小狗 洗澡 。My son likes giving our dog a bath.
- 请 给 我 拿 一 双 筷子 。Please get a pair of chopsticks for me.
- 可以 给 我 买 一 杯 咖啡 吗 ？Could you buy me a cup of coffee?
- 可以 给 我 拿 一下 行李 吗 ？Can you take my luggage for me?
- 这个 周末 我们 给 儿子 开 生日 派对 。We're going to hold a birthday party for our son this weekend.
- 我 没 带 钥匙 ，你 能 给 我 开 一下 门 吗 ？I didn't bring the key. Could you open the door for me?
- 你 想 给 我 打扫 房间 吗 ？Would you like to clean the room for me?
- 如果 你 来 中国 玩 ，我 给 你 当 导游 。If you come visit China, I'll be your tour guide.
See also
Sources and further reading
Books
- 现代汉语虚词例释 (pp. 196) 卓越汉语－公司实战篇 →buy
Dictionaries
- 现代汉语词典（第5版） (pp. 464) 卓越汉语－公司实战篇 →buy
