Difference between revisions of "Expressing "just" with "gang""
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| − | {{Grammar Box}} | + | {{Grammar Box}} |
| − | + | For events that happened in the immediate past, in English we use the word "just." For example, if you pass a turn you were supposed to make, you might say, "I ''just'' passed it!" In Chinese, "just" can be expressed with 刚 (gāng) or 刚刚 (gānggāng). | |
| − | == | + | == Expressing "Just" Happened == |
=== Structure === | === Structure === | ||
| − | 刚 expresses that | + | 刚 (gāng) expresses an action that happened not long ago. 刚刚 (gānggāng) is used the same way, with the same meaning. |
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| − | + | Subj. + 刚 + Verb | |
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | or | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| + | Subj. + 刚刚 + Verb | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
| Line 16: | Line 22: | ||
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | * | + | *我们 <em>刚</em> 知道。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen <em>gāng</em> zhīdào.</span><span class="trans">We just found out.</span> |
| − | + | *她们 <em>刚</em> 走。<span class="pinyin">Tāmen <em>gāng</em> zǒu.</span><span class="trans">They just left.</span> | |
| − | * | + | *老板 <em>刚刚</em> 到 办公室。<span class="pinyin"> Lǎobǎn <em>gānggāng</em> dào bàngōngshì.</span><span class="trans">The boss just arrived at the office.</span> |
| − | + | *我 老婆 <em>刚</em> 生 完 孩子。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ lǎopo <em>gāng</em> shēng wán háizi.</span><span class="trans">My wife just finished giving birth to our baby.</span> | |
| − | * | + | *你 <em>刚刚</em> 下班 吗？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>gānggāng</em> xiàbān ma? </span><span class="trans">Did you just get off work?</span> |
| − | + | ||
| − | * | ||
| − | |||
| − | * | ||
| − | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | == | + | == "Just" Within a Specific Time Period == |
| + | |||
| + | This more complicated use of 刚 (gāng) is not nearly as essential as the one above, but you may find it useful to specify just ''when'' the event "just" occurred, specifically. | ||
=== Structure === | === Structure === | ||
| − | 刚 can also express "from the time an action happens until the present time" | + | 刚 (gāng) can also express "from the time an action happens until the present time." |
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| − | + | Subj. + 刚 + Verb (+ Obj.) + Duration | |
</div> | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Note that although we need to say "ago" in English, in this pattern there's no need for a word that means "ago." | ||
=== Examples === | === Examples === | ||
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | * 我 <em>刚</em> | + | |
| − | + | *我 <em>刚</em> 认识 她 <strong> 十 天</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>gāng</em> rènshi tā <strong>shí tiān</strong>.</span><span class="trans">I just met her ten days ago.</span> | |
| − | * | + | *他 <em>刚</em> 来 中国 <strong>两 个 月</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>gāng</em> lái Zhōngguó <strong>liǎng gè yuè</strong>.</span><span class="trans">He just got to China two months ago.</span> |
| − | + | *我 弟弟 <em>刚</em> 工作 <strong>半年</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ dìdi <em>gāng</em> gōngzuò <strong> bàn nián </strong>.</span><span class="trans">My younger brother just started working half a year ago.</span> | |
| − | * | + | *她 <em>刚</em> 结婚 <strong> 三 个 月 </strong>。 <span class="pinyin">Tā <em>gāng</em> jiéhūn <strong>sān gè yuè</strong>.</span><span class="trans">She just got married three months ago.</span> |
| − | + | *我 的 车 <em>刚</em> 买 <strong>两 天</strong>，开 的时候 小心 点。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ de chē <em>gāng</em> mǎi <strong>liǎng tiān</strong>, kāi de shíhou xiǎoxīn diǎn.</span><span class="trans">I just bought the car two days ago. Be careful when you drive.</span> | |
| − | * | ||
| − | |||
| − | * | ||
| − | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| Line 65: | Line 65: | ||
=== Books === | === Books === | ||
| − | + | {{Source|HSK Standard Course 4上|6}} | |
| − | + | {{Source|现代汉语八百词（增订本）|216}} | |
| + | {{Source|卓越汉语－公司实战篇|239}} | ||
| + | {{Source|Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second Edition|81}} | ||
[[Category:A2 grammar points]] | [[Category:A2 grammar points]] | ||
| − | {{Basic Grammar|刚|A2| | + | {{HSK|HSK4}} |
| + | {{Basic Grammar|刚|A2|Subj. + 刚 + Verb|他 <em>刚</em> 走。|grammar point|ASGQJJYO}} | ||
| + | {{Rel char|刚刚}} | ||
{{Similar|"Just now" with "gangcai"}} | {{Similar|"Just now" with "gangcai"}} | ||
{{Similar|Comparing "gang" and "gangcai"}} | {{Similar|Comparing "gang" and "gangcai"}} | ||
Latest revision as of 04:45, 9 March 2019
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Level
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Similar to
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Used for
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Keywords
For events that happened in the immediate past, in English we use the word "just." For example, if you pass a turn you were supposed to make, you might say, "I just passed it!" In Chinese, "just" can be expressed with 刚 (gāng) or 刚刚 (gānggāng).
Contents
Expressing "Just" Happened
Structure
刚 (gāng) expresses an action that happened not long ago. 刚刚 (gānggāng) is used the same way, with the same meaning.
Subj. + 刚 + Verb
or
Subj. + 刚刚 + Verb
Examples
- 我们 刚 知道。We just found out.
- 她们 刚 走。They just left.
- 老板 刚刚 到 办公室。The boss just arrived at the office.
- 我 老婆 刚 生 完 孩子。My wife just finished giving birth to our baby.
- 你 刚刚 下班 吗？Did you just get off work?
"Just" Within a Specific Time Period
This more complicated use of 刚 (gāng) is not nearly as essential as the one above, but you may find it useful to specify just when the event "just" occurred, specifically.
Structure
刚 (gāng) can also express "from the time an action happens until the present time."
Subj. + 刚 + Verb (+ Obj.) + Duration
Note that although we need to say "ago" in English, in this pattern there's no need for a word that means "ago."
Examples
- 我 刚 认识 她 十 天。I just met her ten days ago.
- 他 刚 来 中国 两 个 月。He just got to China two months ago.
- 我 弟弟 刚 工作 半年。My younger brother just started working half a year ago.
- 她 刚 结婚 三 个 月 。 She just got married three months ago.
- 我 的 车 刚 买 两 天，开 的时候 小心 点。I just bought the car two days ago. Be careful when you drive.
See also
Sources and further reading
Books
- HSK Standard Course 4上 (pp. 6) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- 现代汉语八百词（增订本） (pp. 216) [ →buy]
- 卓越汉语－公司实战篇 (pp. 239) 卓越汉语－公司实战篇 →buy
- Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second Edition (pp. 81) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
