Difference between revisions of "Using "dui" with verbs"

(Created page with "When using 对 (duì) as a preposition, it is used to indicate "to" or "towards" a object or target. As with all prepositions, some care should be taken when using this particle,...")
 
m (Text replacement - "{{HSK|HSK2}}" to "{{HSK|HSK2}}{{2021-HSK|HSK2}}")
 
(117 intermediate revisions by 20 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
When using 对 (duì) as a preposition, it is used to indicate "to" or "towards" a object or target. As with all prepositions, some care should be taken when using this particle, as 对 is much different from when it is used as a verb, indicating that something is correct.
+
{{Grammar Box}}
  
−
Here are some examples utilizing this very useful particle:
+
When using 对 (duì) as a [[preposition]], it means "to" or "towards" an object or target. As with all prepositions, you've got to watch out when using this word, as usage of 对 in Chinese doesn't always totally "make sense" or correspond to English at all.
 +
 
 +
== Basic Usage ==
 +
 
 +
=== Structure ===
 +
 
 +
<div class="jiegou">
 +
Subj. + 对 + Person + Verb
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
Note that you shouldn't be plugging in just any old verb here; the ones that work with 对 are limited.
 +
 
 +
=== Examples ===
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
−
*他应该对他父母孝心。
+
*宝宝 <em>对</em> <strong>我</strong> 笑 了 。<span class="pinyin">Bǎobao <em>duì</em> <strong>wǒ</strong> xiào le.</span><span class="trans">The baby smiled at me.</span>
−
*她对我很可气。
+
*小狗 在 <em>对</em> <strong>你</strong> 叫 。<span class="pinyin">Xiǎogǒu zài <em>duì</em> <strong>nǐ</strong> jiào.</span><span class="trans">The dog is barking at you.</span>
−
*为什么你对别人很糟糕？
+
*你 不 应该 这样 <em>对</em> <strong>父母</strong> 说话 。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ bù yīnggāi zhèyàng <em>duì</em> <strong>fùmǔ</strong> shuōhuà.</span><span class="trans">You shouldn't talk to your parents this way.</span>
 +
*他 总是 <em>对</em> <strong>老师</strong> 撒谎 。<span class="pinyin">Tā zǒngshì <em>duì</em> <strong>lǎoshī</strong> sāhuǎng.</span><span class="trans">He always lies to his teachers.</span>
 +
*不要 <em>对</em> <strong>孩子</strong> 发脾气 。<span class="pinyin">Bùyào <em>duì</em> <strong>háizi</strong> fā píqi.</span><span class="trans">Don't lose your temper with the child.</span>
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
 +
 +
== Colloquial Expression 对……来说 ==
 +
 +
In English we often start sentences with "to someone" or "for someone" when sharing that person's perspective. In Chinese, the pattern is:
 +
 +
<div class="jiegou">
 +
对 + Person + 来说 ，⋯⋯
 +
</div>
 +
 +
While this pattern was too common to omit from this page, it's covered in more depth as part of [[Phrases using "laishuo"|phrases using "laishuo."]]
 +
 +
== Usage with Specific Verbs ==
 +
 +
Certain verbs, especially [[psychological verb]]s, are often used with 对, which means 对 is needed if you want to add an object into the structure. I good example is 对……感兴趣 ("to be interested in..."). In this case, 对 means "in," "on," "about," etc., and the object doesn't have to be a person. The short list below will give a few more verbs frequently paired with 对.
 +
 +
=== Structures ===
 +
 +
* 对⋯⋯有兴趣 (yǒu xìngqù)  to have an interest in...
 +
* 对⋯⋯感兴趣 (gǎn xìngqù)  to feel interested in...
 +
* 对⋯⋯负责 (fùzé)  to be responsible for...
 +
* 对⋯⋯满意 (mǎnyì)  to feel satisfied with...
 +
* 对⋯⋯失望 (shīwàng) to be disappointed in/with...
 +
* 对⋯⋯好奇 (hàoqí) to be curious about...
 +
 +
=== Examples ===
 +
 +
Some example sentences:
 +
 +
<div class="liju">
 +
 +
*我 儿子 <em>对</em> 学 外语 很 <strong>感 兴趣</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ érzi <em>duì</em> xué wàiyǔ hěn <strong>gǎn xìngqù</strong>.</span><span class="trans">My son is very interested in learning foreign languages.</span>
 +
*你 应该 <em>对</em> 自己 的 工作 <strong>负责</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ yīnggāi <em>duì</em> zìjǐ de gōngzuò <strong>fùzé</strong> .</span><span class="trans">You should be responsible for your job.</span>
 +
*老板 <em>对</em> 你 不 太 <strong>满意</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn <em>duì</em> nǐ bù tài <strong>mǎnyì</strong>.</span><span class="trans">The boss is not very satisfied with you.</span>
 +
*观众 <em>对</em> 比赛 结果 非常 <strong>失望</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Guānzhòng <em>duì</em> bǐsài jiéguǒ fēicháng <strong>shīwàng</strong>.</span><span class="trans">The audience is very disappointed with the result of the game.</span>
 +
*我 的 小 女儿 <em>对</em> 所有 动物 都 很 <strong>好奇</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ de xiǎo nǚ'ér <em>duì</em> suǒyǒu dòngwù dōu hěn <strong>hàoqí</strong>.</span><span class="trans">My younger daughter is curious about all animals.</span>
 +
 +
</div>
 +
 +
== See also ==
 +
 +
*[[Using "xiang"]]
 +
*[[Using "gen"]]
 +
*[["For…" with "eryan"]]
 +
*[[Comparing "gen" and "dui"]]
  
 
== Sources and further reading ==
 
== Sources and further reading ==
Line 15: Line 73:
 
=== Books ===
 
=== Books ===
  
−
* [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0415700108?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=0415700108 Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide] (pp. 88)
+
{{Source|HSK Standard Course 2|76}}
 +
{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed)|153}}
 +
{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1|151}}
 +
{{Source|Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide|84, 88}}
 +
{{Source|Boya Chinese Elementary Starter 1 (博雅汉语初经起步篇)|198}}
 +
{{Source|Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级)|313}}
 +
{{Source|卓越汉语－公司实战篇|11-2, 134}}
 +
 
 +
[[Category:B1 grammar points]]
 +
{{HSK|HSK2}}{{2021-HSK|HSK2}}
 +
[[Category:Prepositions]]
 +
{{Used for|Describing actions}}
 +
{{Similar|"For…" with "eryan"}}
 +
{{Similar|Expressing "towards" with "xiang"}}
 +
{{Similar|Expressing "for" with "gei"}}
 +
{{Similar|Verbs followed by "gei"}}
 +
{{Similar|Comparing "gen" and "dui"}}
 +
{{Similar|Comparing "dui" and "duiyu"}}
 +
{{Similar|Verbs preceded by "gei"}}
 +
{{Similar|Giving perspective with "yaowoshuo"}}
 +
{{Translation|to}}
 +
{{Translation|towards}}
 +
{{Basic Grammar|对|B1|Subj. + 对 + Person + Verb | 宝宝 <em>对</em> 我 笑 了。|grammar point|ASG8ICO9}}
 +
{{POS|Prepositions}}

Latest revision as of 08:53, 21 April 2021

When using 对 (duì) as a preposition, it means "to" or "towards" an object or target. As with all prepositions, you've got to watch out when using this word, as usage of 对 in Chinese doesn't always totally "make sense" or correspond to English at all.

Basic Usage

Structure

Subj. + 对 + Person + Verb

Note that you shouldn't be plugging in just any old verb here; the ones that work with 对 are limited.

Examples

  • 宝宝 对 我 笑 了 。Bǎobao duì wǒ xiào le.The baby smiled at me.
  • 小狗 在 对 你 叫 。Xiǎogǒu zài duì nǐ jiào.The dog is barking at you.
  • 你 不 应该 这样 对 父母 说话 。Nǐ bù yīnggāi zhèyàng duì fùmǔ shuōhuà.You shouldn't talk to your parents this way.
  • 他 总是 对 老师 撒谎 。Tā zǒngshì duì lǎoshī sāhuǎng.He always lies to his teachers.
  • 不要 对 孩子 发脾气 。Bùyào duì háizi fā píqi.Don't lose your temper with the child.

Colloquial Expression 对……来说

In English we often start sentences with "to someone" or "for someone" when sharing that person's perspective. In Chinese, the pattern is:

对 + Person + 来说 ，⋯⋯

While this pattern was too common to omit from this page, it's covered in more depth as part of phrases using "laishuo."

Usage with Specific Verbs

Certain verbs, especially psychological verbs, are often used with 对, which means 对 is needed if you want to add an object into the structure. I good example is 对……感兴趣 ("to be interested in..."). In this case, 对 means "in," "on," "about," etc., and the object doesn't have to be a person. The short list below will give a few more verbs frequently paired with 对.

Structures

  • 对⋯⋯有兴趣 (yǒu xìngqù) to have an interest in...
  • 对⋯⋯感兴趣 (gǎn xìngqù) to feel interested in...
  • 对⋯⋯负责 (fùzé) to be responsible for...
  • 对⋯⋯满意 (mǎnyì) to feel satisfied with...
  • 对⋯⋯失望 (shīwàng) to be disappointed in/with...
  • 对⋯⋯好奇 (hàoqí) to be curious about...

Examples

Some example sentences:

  • 我 儿子 对 学 外语 很 感 兴趣 。Wǒ érzi duì xué wàiyǔ hěn gǎn xìngqù.My son is very interested in learning foreign languages.
  • 你 应该 对 自己 的 工作 负责 。Nǐ yīnggāi duì zìjǐ de gōngzuò fùzé .You should be responsible for your job.
  • 老板 对 你 不 太 满意 。Lǎobǎn duì nǐ bù tài mǎnyì.The boss is not very satisfied with you.
  • 观众 对 比赛 结果 非常 失望 。Guānzhòng duì bǐsài jiéguǒ fēicháng shīwàng.The audience is very disappointed with the result of the game.
  • 我 的 小 女儿 对 所有 动物 都 很 好奇 。Wǒ de xiǎo nǚ'ér duì suǒyǒu dòngwù dōu hěn hàoqí.My younger daughter is curious about all animals.

See also

Sources and further reading

Books

Retrieved from "https://resources.allsetlearning.com/gramwiki/?title=Using_%22dui%22_with_verbs&oldid=48967"