Difference between revisions of "Continuation with "hai""
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{{Grammar Box}} | {{Grammar Box}} | ||
| − | + | Although [[还]] (hái) has many meanings, the basic meaning of "still" to indicate a continuing action is essential to mastery of the word. | |
| − | == | + | == Affirmative Form == |
| − | === | + | === Usage of 还在 === |
| + | |||
| + | Often the [[auxiliary verb]] [[在]] (zài) will appear with 还 (hái), as it is natural to talk about ''continuous'' actions that are ''still'' happening. | ||
| − | + | ==== Structure ==== | |
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| + | Subj. + 还在 + [Verb Phrase] | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| − | + | ==== Examples ==== | |
| + | |||
| + | <div class="liju"> | ||
| + | |||
| + | * 这 件 事情 我 <em>还 在</em> 考虑 。<span class="pinyin">Zhè jiàn shìqing wǒ <em>hái zài</em> kǎolǜ.</span><span class="trans">I am still thinking over this matter.</span> | ||
| + | * 已经 中午 了 ，他 <em>还 在</em> 睡 ？<span class="pinyin">Yǐjīng zhōngwǔ le, tā <em>hái zài</em> shuì? </span><span class="trans">It's already noon and he's still sleeping?</span> | ||
| + | * 她 <em>还 在</em> 生气 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>hái zài</em> shēngqì ma? </span><span class="trans">Is she still mad?</span> | ||
| + | * 你 怎么 <em>还 在</em> 用 那个 旧 手机 ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ zěnme <em>hái zài</em> yòng nàge jiù shǒujī?</span><span class="trans">How come you're still using that old cell phone?</span> | ||
| + | * 你 <em>还 在</em> 玩 游戏 ？明天 不是 有 考试 吗 ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>hái zài</em> wán yóuxì? Míngtiān bù shì yǒu kǎoshì ma?</span><span class="trans">You're still playing video games? Don't you have an exam tomorrow?</span> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | + | === Usage of 还是 === | |
| − | === Examples === | + | Here 还是 (háishì)--not literally "still is"--indicates what happened or will happen, ''despite'' the situation. The [[是]] (shì) here doesn't have a clear meaning here independent of 还 (hái). |
| + | |||
| + | ==== Structure ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| + | ⋯⋯ ，(但是 / 可是 +) Subj. + 还是 + [Verb Phrase] | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Examples ==== | ||
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | *他 <em> | + | * 我 让 他 不要 买 ，他 <em>还是</em> 买 了 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ ràng tā bùyào mǎi, tā <em>háishì</em> mǎi le.</span><span class="trans">I told him not to buy it, but he still bought it.</span> |
| − | + | * 他 不 想 离婚 ，但是 最后 <em>还是</em> 离婚 了 。 <span class="pinyin">Tā bù xiǎng líhūn, dànshì zuìhòu <em>háishì</em> líhūn le.</span><span class="trans">He didn't want to get divorced, but in the end he still ended up getting divorced.</span> | |
| − | * | + | * 父母 不 同意 他 去 ，可是 他 <em>还是</em> 去 了。<span class="pinyin">Fùmǔ bù tóngyì tā qù, kěshì tā <em>háishì</em> qù le.</span><span class="trans">His parents didn't agree to it, but he still went.</span> |
| − | * | + | * 医生 不 让 她 喝酒 ，她 <em>还是</em> 喝 。<span class="pinyin">Yīshēng bù ràng tā hējiǔ, tā <em>háishì</em> hē.</span><span class="trans">The doctor told her to stop drinking, but she still drinks.</span> |
| − | + | * 老师 生病 了，但是 她 <em>还是</em> 来 上课 了。<span class="pinyin">Lǎoshī shēngbìng le, dànshì tā <em>háishì</em> lái shàngkè le.</span><span class="trans">The teacher is sick, but she still come to class.</span> | |
| − | |||
| − | *<em> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | * | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | == | + | == Negative Form == |
=== Structure === | === Structure === | ||
| − | When you put 不 or 没 after 还 (hái) in a question sentence, it can be used to emphasize the idea of what ''should'' be happening in a more idiomatic way. | + | When you put [[不]] or [[没]] after 还 (hái) in a question sentence, it can be used to emphasize the idea of what ''should'' be happening in a more idiomatic way. |
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| − | + | Subj. + 还 + 不 / 没 + [Verb Phrase] | |
| − | Subj. + | ||
| − | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
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<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | * | + | * 我们 等 了 半 个 小时 了 ，老师 <em>还 没</em> 到 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen děng le bàn gè xiǎoshí le. Lǎoshī <em>hái méi</em> dào.</span><span class="trans">We've been waiting for half an hour, but the teacher still hasn't arrived.</span> |
| − | * | + | * 电影 已经 开始 了 ，你 <em>还 没</em> 出门 ？<span class="pinyin">Diànyǐng yǐjīng kāishǐ le, nǐ <em>hái méi</em> chūmén?</span><span class="trans">The movie has started already, and you still haven't left the house?</span> |
| − | * | + | * 你 已经 四十 多 了 ，<em>还 不</em> 想 结婚 ？<span class="expl">implying the listener should get married now</span><span class="pinyin">Nǐ yǐjīng sìshí duō le, <em>hái bù</em> xiǎng jiéhūn?</span><span class="trans">You're in your forties, and you still don't want to get married?</span> |
| − | + | * 我 解释 了 这么 多 遍 ，你 <em>还 不</em> 懂 ？<span class="pinyin">Wǒ jiěshì le zhème duō biàn, nǐ <em>hái bù</em> dǒng?</span><span class="trans">I've explained it so many times, and you still don't get it?</span> | |
| − | + | * 我 对 你 这么 好 ，你 <em>还 不</em> 高兴 ？<span class="expl">implying the listener shouldn't be so upset</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ duì nǐ zhème hǎo, nǐ <em>hái bù</em> gāoxìng?</span><span class="trans">I treat you so well, but you're still not happy?</span> | |
| − | |||
| − | * 这么 | ||
| − | * 你 <em>还 不</em> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
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=== Books === | === Books === | ||
| − | + | {{Source|HSK Standard Course 2|52}} | |
| − | + | {{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed)|122}} | |
| − | + | {{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1|157}} | |
| + | {{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3)|103}} | ||
[[Category:B1 grammar points]] | [[Category:B1 grammar points]] | ||
| − | {{Basic Grammar| | + | {{HSK|HSK2}}{{2021-HSK|HSK2}} |
| + | {{Basic Grammar|还|B1|Subj. + 还 + Verb Phrase / Adj.|你 <em>还在</em> 看 书 ？|grammar point|ASGIRILI}} | ||
{{Used for|Adding more explanation}} | {{Used for|Adding more explanation}} | ||
| + | {{Rel char|在}} | ||
| + | {{Rel char|还是}} | ||
{{Used for|Connecting ideas}} | {{Used for|Connecting ideas}} | ||
| − | |||
{{Similar|Expressing "and also" with "hai"}} | {{Similar|Expressing "and also" with "hai"}} | ||
{{Similar|Moderating positive adjectives with "hai"}} | {{Similar|Moderating positive adjectives with "hai"}} | ||
| + | {{Similar|Advanced uses of "hai"}} | ||
{{Translation|still}} | {{Translation|still}} | ||
| + | {{POS|Adverbs}} | ||
Latest revision as of 08:54, 21 April 2021
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Level
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Similar to
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Used for
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Keywords
Although 还 (hái) has many meanings, the basic meaning of "still" to indicate a continuing action is essential to mastery of the word.
Contents
Affirmative Form
Usage of 还在
Often the auxiliary verb 在 (zài) will appear with 还 (hái), as it is natural to talk about continuous actions that are still happening.
Structure
Subj. + 还在 + [Verb Phrase]
Examples
- 这 件 事情 我 还 在 考虑 。I am still thinking over this matter.
- 已经 中午 了 ，他 还 在 睡 ？It's already noon and he's still sleeping?
- 她 还 在 生气 吗 ？Is she still mad?
- 你 怎么 还 在 用 那个 旧 手机 ？How come you're still using that old cell phone?
- 你 还 在 玩 游戏 ？明天 不是 有 考试 吗 ？You're still playing video games? Don't you have an exam tomorrow?
Usage of 还是
Here 还是 (háishì)--not literally "still is"--indicates what happened or will happen, despite the situation. The 是 (shì) here doesn't have a clear meaning here independent of 还 (hái).
Structure
⋯⋯ ，(但是 / 可是 +) Subj. + 还是 + [Verb Phrase]
Examples
- 我 让 他 不要 买 ，他 还是 买 了 。I told him not to buy it, but he still bought it.
- 他 不 想 离婚 ，但是 最后 还是 离婚 了 。 He didn't want to get divorced, but in the end he still ended up getting divorced.
- 父母 不 同意 他 去 ，可是 他 还是 去 了。His parents didn't agree to it, but he still went.
- 医生 不 让 她 喝酒 ，她 还是 喝 。The doctor told her to stop drinking, but she still drinks.
- 老师 生病 了，但是 她 还是 来 上课 了。The teacher is sick, but she still come to class.
Negative Form
Structure
When you put 不 or 没 after 还 (hái) in a question sentence, it can be used to emphasize the idea of what should be happening in a more idiomatic way.
Subj. + 还 + 不 / 没 + [Verb Phrase]
Examples
- 我们 等 了 半 个 小时 了 ，老师 还 没 到 。We've been waiting for half an hour, but the teacher still hasn't arrived.
- 电影 已经 开始 了 ，你 还 没 出门 ？The movie has started already, and you still haven't left the house?
- 你 已经 四十 多 了 ，还 不 想 结婚 ？implying the listener should get married nowYou're in your forties, and you still don't want to get married?
- 我 解释 了 这么 多 遍 ，你 还 不 懂 ？I've explained it so many times, and you still don't get it?
- 我 对 你 这么 好 ，你 还 不 高兴 ？implying the listener shouldn't be so upsetI treat you so well, but you're still not happy?
Sources and further reading
Books
- HSK Standard Course 2 (pp. 52) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed) (pp. 122) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1 (pp. 157) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3) (pp. 103) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
