Difference between revisions of "Comparing "yihou" and "de shihou""

m (Text replacement - "hào chī" to "hǎochī")
 
(44 intermediate revisions by 12 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Stub}}
 
 
{{Grammar Box}}
 
{{Grammar Box}}
  
When talking about when something happens, "以后" (yǐhòu) and "的时候" (de shíhou) are often used. They can both be translated as "when", but their meanings are different, so they can't be used used in situations you might expect them to be used in. Take a look at this article if you want to figure it out!
+
When talking about when something happens, 以后 (yǐhòu) and 的时候 (de shíhou) are often used. They can both be translated as the English word "[[when]]," but their usage in Chinese must be kept straight.
  
==Structure==
+
== Structure ==
  
The complicated thing about "以后" and "的时候" is that they both appear in the same place in the sentence. That is, after the verb.
+
以后 and 的时候 both appear in the same place in the sentence: after the verb.
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
 +
Subj. + Verb + 以后/的时候,⋯⋯
 +
</div>
  
Subject + Verb + 以后/的时候, Comment
+
The difference comes in what they actually mean.
 
 
</div>
 
  
The difference comes in what they actually mean with what you're saying.
+
== Use 以后 for "After" ==
  
==以后==
+
[[After a specific time|以后]] technically means after, so it is used ''after'' the action is completed. This can be seen as a way of saying "When you are done (verb)ing." This might seem obvious, but in the following sentences, we could use "when" in English for every single one.
  
[[After a specific time|"以后" technically means after]], so it is used ''after'' the action is completed. This can be seen as a way of saying "When you are done (verb)ing".
+
<div class="liju">
  
===Examples===
+
* 下 飞机 <em>以后</em> 给 我 打电话 。 <span class="pinyin">Xià fēijī <em>yǐhòu </em> gěi wǒ dǎ diànhuà</span><span class="trans">Give me a call after you get off the plane.</span>
 +
*来 中国 <em>以后</em> 我 才 发现 中国 菜 那么 好吃 。 <span class="pinyin">Lái Zhōngguó <em>yǐhòu </em> wǒ cái fāxiàn Zhōngguó cài nàme hǎochī.</span> <span class="trans"> Only when I got to China did I realize how tasty Chinese food is.</span>
 +
*毕业 <em>以后</em> 我 打算 去 上海 工作 。<span class="pinyin">Bìyè <em>yǐhòu </em> wǒ dǎsuàn qù Shànghǎi gōngzuò. </span><span class="trans">I plan to find a job in Shanghai after I graduate.</span>
 +
*结婚 <em>以后</em> 你 想 继续 工作 吗 ?<span class="pinyin">Jiéhūn <em>yǐhòu </em> nǐ xiǎng jìxù gōngzuò ma?</span><span class="trans">Do you want to keep working after you get married?
 +
</span>
  
<div class="liju">
 
*下班 <em>以后</em> 我们 一起 去 吃饭。<span class="trans">After work, we're going to go eat together.</span>
 
*来 中国 <em>以后</em> 我 才 发现 中国 菜 很 好吃。<span class="expl">It was realized after getting to China.</span> <span class="trans">Only when I got to China did I realize how tasty Chinese food is.</span>
 
*我 打算 毕业 <em>以后</em> 找 一 份 报社 的 工作。<span class="trans">I plan to find a job with a news company after I graduate.</span>
 
*打 篮球 <em>以后</em> 需要 洗澡。<span class="trans">After playing basketball, you need to shower.</span>
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
==的时候==
+
== Use 的时候 for "During" or "While" ==
  
"的时候" means "when" in the sense of [[At the time when|during an action]]. For example, "when you play ball" can be seen as "when you are playing ball." It is this sort of difference that can make "以后" and "的时候" so complicated.
+
的时候 means "when" in the sense of [[Expressing "when" with "de shihou"|during an action]]. For example, "when you play ball" can be seen as "when you are playing ball." It is this sort of difference that can make 以后 and 的时候 slightly confusing at times.
  
==Examples==
+
<div class="liju">
 +
*吃饭 <em>的时候</em> 看 电视 容易 长 胖 。 <span class="pinyin">Chīfàn <em>de shíhou </em> kàn diànshì róngyì zhǎng pàng. </span><span class="trans">It's easy to get fat if you eat while you watch TV.</span>
 +
*工作 <em>的时候</em> 不要 上网 聊天 。<span class="pinyin">Gōngzuò <em>de shíhou </em> bùyào shàngwǎng liáotiān. </span><span class="trans">Don't chat online when you're at work.</span>
 +
*无聊 <em>的时候</em> 可以 做 些 什么 ?<span class="pinyin">Wúliáo <em>de shíhou </em> kěyǐ zuò xiē shénme? </span> <span class="trans">What can you do when you're bored?</span>
  
<div class="liju">
 
*吃饭 <em>的时候</em> 看 电视 容易 长胖。<span class="trans">Watching TV while you eat can make you fat easily.</span>
 
*公司 规定 工作<em>的时候</em>不能 用 QQ 聊天。<span class="trans">Company rules say that you can't chat on QQ when you're at work.</span>
 
*无聊 <em>的时候</em> 可以 做 些 什么?<span class="trans">What can you do when you're bored?</span>
 
*打 篮球 <em>的时候</em> 会 出 很多 汗。<span class="trans">You sweat a lot when you play basketball.</span>
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
"的时候" is also similar to using [[Simultaneous tasks with "yibian"|the 一边 structure]]. However, "一边" uses two conscious actions that you do, whereas "的时候" can use sub-conscious or unexpected actions.
+
的时候 is also similar to using [[Simultaneous tasks with "yibian"|the 一边 structure]]. However, 一边 uses two conscious actions that you do, whereas "的时候" can be used for "mindless" activities (like watching TV) or unexpected situations.
  
==Similar Usage==
+
== Overlapping Usage ==
  
Now we get to a really confusing part! There are instances where ''both'' "以后" and "的时候" could work and still mean the same thing. These are times when there isn't really a duration, it just happens in an instant. For example, "When you see her". This means "As soon as you see her" so there is only one point where you first see a person. In this case, you can use either one.
+
There are instances where ''both'' 以后 and 的时候 could work and still mean the same thing. These are times when there isn't really a duration, it just happens in an instant. For example, "when you see her." This means, "as soon as you see her," as there is only one point where you first see a person. In this case, you can use either one.
  
==Examples==
+
<div class="liju">
 +
 
 +
*雨 停 了 <em>的时候</em>,我们 就 去 公园 玩。<span class="pinyin">Yǔ tíng le <em>de shíhou </em>, wǒmen jiù qù gōngyuán wán.</span><span class="trans">When it stops raining, we'll go play in the park.</span>
 +
*雨 停 了 <em>以后</em>,我们 就 去 公园 玩。<span class="pinyin">Yǔ tíngle <em>yǐhòu </em>, wǒmen jiù qù gōngyuán wán. </span><span class="trans">When it stops raining, we'll go play in the park.</span>
 +
*商店 关门 的 <em>时候</em>,你 再 来 找 我。<span class="pinyin">Shāngdiàn guānmén de <em>shíhou </em>, nǐ zàilái zhǎo wǒ.</span><span class="trans">Come to find me when the shop is closed.</span>
 +
*商店 关门 了 <em>以后</em>,你 再 来 找 我。<span class="pinyin">Shāngdiàn guānmén le  <em>yǐhòu </em>, nǐ zàilái zhǎo wǒ.</span><span class="trans"> Come to find me when the shop is closed.</span>
  
<div class="liju">
 
*下班 <em>的时候</em> 我 给 你 打 电话。<span class="trans">When you get off work, call me.</span>
 
*下班 <em>以后</em> 我 给 你 打 电话。<span class="trans">When you get off work, call me.</span>
 
*雨 停 了 <em>的时候</em>,我们 就 去 公园 玩。<span class="trans">When it stops raining, we'll go play in the park.</span>
 
*雨 停 了 <em>以后</em>,我们 就 去 公园 玩。<span class="trans">When it stops raining, we'll go play in the park.</span>
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
==See also==
+
== See also ==
 +
 
 
*[[After a specific time]]
 
*[[After a specific time]]
 
*[[At the time when]]
 
*[[At the time when]]
 
*[[Simultaneous tasks with "yibian"]]
 
*[[Simultaneous tasks with "yibian"]]
 +
*[[Comparing "yihou" and "zhihou"]]
 +
 +
== Sources and further reading ==
 +
 +
=== Books ===
  
==Sources and Further Reading==
+
{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed)|293-4}}
===Books===
 
  
* [[Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed)]] (pp. 293-4) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276709/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=0887276709 →buy]
+
=== Videos ===
  
===Videos===
 
 
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v469o3lXaYk Yoyo Chinese Grammar "When you get home"]
 
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v469o3lXaYk Yoyo Chinese Grammar "When you get home"]
  
 
[[Category:grammar comparison]]
 
[[Category:grammar comparison]]
{{Basic Grammar|以后|B1|以后 vs 的时候|打 篮球 <em>以后</em> 需要 洗澡, 打 篮球 <em>的时候</em> 会 出 很多 汗。|grammar point|NEEDCODE}}
+
{{Basic Grammar|以后|B1|以后 vs 的时候|打 篮球 <em>的 时候</em> 会 出 了 很 多 汗 ,所以 篮球 <em>以后</em> 我 要 洗澡 。|grammar point|ASGLNKZR}}
 
{{Rel char|的时候}}
 
{{Rel char|的时候}}
 
{{Rel char|时候}}
 
{{Rel char|时候}}
Line 81: Line 81:
 
{{Translation|when}}
 
{{Translation|when}}
 
{{Translation|after}}
 
{{Translation|after}}
{{Comparison}}
+
{{Comparison|Time Words}}

Latest revision as of 09:26, 9 November 2020

When talking about when something happens, 以后 (yǐhòu) and 的时候 (de shíhou) are often used. They can both be translated as the English word "when," but their usage in Chinese must be kept straight.

Structure

以后 and 的时候 both appear in the same place in the sentence: after the verb.

Subj. + Verb + 以后/的时候,⋯⋯

The difference comes in what they actually mean.

Use 以后 for "After"

以后 technically means after, so it is used after the action is completed. This can be seen as a way of saying "When you are done (verb)ing." This might seem obvious, but in the following sentences, we could use "when" in English for every single one.

  • 下 飞机 以后 给 我 打电话 。 Xià fēijī yǐhòu gěi wǒ dǎ diànhuàGive me a call after you get off the plane.
  • 来 中国 以后 我 才 发现 中国 菜 那么 好吃 。 Lái Zhōngguó yǐhòu wǒ cái fāxiàn Zhōngguó cài nàme hǎochī. Only when I got to China did I realize how tasty Chinese food is.
  • 毕业 以后 我 打算 去 上海 工作 。Bìyè yǐhòu wǒ dǎsuàn qù Shànghǎi gōngzuò. I plan to find a job in Shanghai after I graduate.
  • 结婚 以后 你 想 继续 工作 吗 ?Jiéhūn yǐhòu nǐ xiǎng jìxù gōngzuò ma?Do you want to keep working after you get married?

Use 的时候 for "During" or "While"

的时候 means "when" in the sense of during an action. For example, "when you play ball" can be seen as "when you are playing ball." It is this sort of difference that can make 以后 and 的时候 slightly confusing at times.

  • 吃饭 的时候 看 电视 容易 长 胖 。 Chīfàn de shíhou kàn diànshì róngyì zhǎng pàng. It's easy to get fat if you eat while you watch TV.
  • 工作 的时候 不要 上网 聊天 。Gōngzuò de shíhou bùyào shàngwǎng liáotiān. Don't chat online when you're at work.
  • 无聊 的时候 可以 做 些 什么 ?Wúliáo de shíhou kěyǐ zuò xiē shénme? What can you do when you're bored?

的时候 is also similar to using the 一边 structure. However, 一边 uses two conscious actions that you do, whereas "的时候" can be used for "mindless" activities (like watching TV) or unexpected situations.

Overlapping Usage

There are instances where both 以后 and 的时候 could work and still mean the same thing. These are times when there isn't really a duration, it just happens in an instant. For example, "when you see her." This means, "as soon as you see her," as there is only one point where you first see a person. In this case, you can use either one.

  • 雨 停 了 的时候,我们 就 去 公园 玩。Yǔ tíng le de shíhou , wǒmen jiù qù gōngyuán wán.When it stops raining, we'll go play in the park.
  • 雨 停 了 以后,我们 就 去 公园 玩。Yǔ tíngle yǐhòu , wǒmen jiù qù gōngyuán wán. When it stops raining, we'll go play in the park.
  • 商店 关门 的 时候,你 再 来 找 我。Shāngdiàn guānmén de shíhou , nǐ zàilái zhǎo wǒ.Come to find me when the shop is closed.
  • 商店 关门 了 以后,你 再 来 找 我。Shāngdiàn guānmén le yǐhòu , nǐ zàilái zhǎo wǒ. Come to find me when the shop is closed.

See also

Sources and further reading

Books

Videos

HSK4