Difference between revisions of "Expressing "if... then..." with "ruguo... jiu...""

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*<em>如果</em>  不 好好 复习,你<em>就</em> 无法 通过 明天 的 考试。<span class="trans">If you don't review well, you won't be able to pass tomorrow's test.</span>
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*<em>如果</em>  不 好好 复习,你<em>就</em> 无法 通过 明天 的 考试。<span class="pinyin"><em>Rúguǒ</em> bù hǎohǎo fùxí, nǐ <em>jiù</em> wúfǎ tōngguò míngtiān de kǎoshì.</span><span class="trans">If you don't review well, you won't be able to pass tomorrow's test.</span>
*他 <em>如果</em> 不 迷恋 网络 游戏,<em>就</em>能考上好的大学 。<span class="trans">If he hadn't been so addicted to the video games,he would have been admitted to a better university.</span>
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*他 <em>如果</em> 不 迷恋 网络 游戏,<em>就</em>能考上好的大学 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>rúguǒ</em> bù míliàn wǎngluò yóuxì, <em>jiù</em> néng kǎo shàng hǎo de dàxué.</span><span class="trans">If he hadn't been so addicted to the video games,he would have been admitted to a better university.</span>
*我 <em>如果</em> 在 北京 找不到 工作,<em>就</em> 会 回 昆明。<span class="trans">If I can't find a job in Beijing, I'm going to go back to Kunming.</span>
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*我 <em>如果</em> 在 北京 找不到 工作,<em>就</em> 会 回 昆明。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>rúguǒ</em> zài Běijīng zhǎo bù dào gōngzuò, <em>jiù</em> huì huí Kūnmíng.</span><span class="trans">If I can't find a job in Beijing, I'm going to go back to Kunming.</span>
  
 
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Revision as of 13:32, 26 December 2014

One of the benefits of Chinese is that the grammar is often very logical and concise. In this article, we look at the "如果...,就..." (rúguǒ..., jiù...) structure. We will also look at uses "的话" (dehuà).

Standard expression with 如果...就

Structure

"如果..., 就..." is an often-used pattern that is utilized in the same way that "If..., then..." is in English.

如果 + Statement + 就 + Result

Examples

  • 如果 不 好好 复习,你 无法 通过 明天 的 考试。Rúguǒ bù hǎohǎo fùxí, nǐ jiù wúfǎ tōngguò míngtiān de kǎoshì.If you don't review well, you won't be able to pass tomorrow's test.
  • 如果 不 迷恋 网络 游戏,能考上好的大学 。rúguǒ bù míliàn wǎngluò yóuxì, jiù néng kǎo shàng hǎo de dàxué.If he hadn't been so addicted to the video games,he would have been admitted to a better university.
  • 如果 在 北京 找不到 工作, 会 回 昆明。rúguǒ zài Běijīng zhǎo bù dào gōngzuò, jiù huì huí Kūnmíng.If I can't find a job in Beijing, I'm going to go back to Kunming.

Colloquial expression with 如果...的话

Although 如果 can be used to mean "if" all by itself, it's often used together with the phrase 的话 to create the "if" sandwich pattern. "就" is optional.

Structure

如果 + Statement + 的话, (就)Result

Examples

  • 如果 你 去 的话,帮 我 跟 她 问 好。 If you go, tell her I say hello.
  • 如果 下次 有 时间 的话,一定 要 找 我 玩儿。When you have time, you need to find me so we can hang out.
  • 如果 你 不 忙 的话,可以 帮 我 联系 客户 吗?If you're not busy, can you help me connect with customers?
  • 如果 不 方便 的话,我 就 不 去 了。

Here's the slightly tricky thing: while you can use 如果 without 的话, it's also possible to drop the 如果 and just use the 的话 instead to mean "if." It's even possible to use neither, and let the "if" be completely implied.

Statement + 的话, (就)Result

  • 你 去 的话,帮 我 跟 她 问 好。 If you go, tell her I say hello.
  • 下次 有 时间 的话,一定 要 找 我 玩儿。 When you have time, you need to find me so we can hang out.
  • 你 不 忙 的话,可以 帮 我 联系 客户 吗?If you're not busy, can you help me connect with customers?
  • 没 地方 住 的话,就 来 我 这里 吧。

如果...那么

这里,“那么”的用法是使得结构的前后两部分显得不那么严肃和拘束,起到一种舒缓句子节奏的作用。

Structure

如果 + Statement, 那么(就) + Result

Examples

  • 如果 你 不 去,那么 我 也 不 去。
  • 如果 他 知道 了,那么 他 一 定 会 来 告诉 我。
  • 如果 现在 我们 不 合作,那么 我们 以后 就 没有 机会 合作 了。
  • 如果 你 不 相信 我,那么 我 就 什么 都 不 说 了。

See also

Sources and further reading

Books