Difference between revisions of "Expressing "never" with "conglai""

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Although it can also work in the positive, 从来 (cónglái) is usually learned when you want to express that you '''''never''' do something'' (as a habit, or as a rule), or that you ''have '''never''' done something'' (it's not a part of your life experience).  In either of these two usages, 从来 may be shortened to just 从 in casual speech.
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Although it can also work in the positive, 从来 (cónglái) is usually learned when you want to express that you '''''never''' do something'' (as a habit, or as a rule), or that you ''have '''never''' done something'' (it's not a part of your life experience).  In either of these two usages, 从来 (cónglái) may be shortened to just 从 (cóng) in casual speech.
  
 
== 从来 with 不 ==
 
== 从来 with 不 ==
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=== Structure ===
 
=== Structure ===
  
When you follow 从来 with 不, you are expressing that you '''''never''' do something'' (as a habit, or as a rule).  It's often used as a way to refuse something, as in "I never drink."
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When you follow 从来 (cónglái) with 不 (bù), you are expressing that you '''''never''' do something'' (as a habit, or as a rule).  It's often used as a way to refuse something, as in "I never drink."
  
 
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Keep in mind that 从来 may be shortened to just 从 in casual speech.
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Keep in mind that 从来 (cónglái) may be shortened to just 从 (cóng) in casual speech.
  
 
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=== Structure ===
 
=== Structure ===
  
Use 从来 with 没 or 没有 (and 过 after the verb) to indicate that you ''have '''never''' done something'' (it's not a part of your life experience).  You're talking about the past now, because you're talking about what you haven't done before, so 没有 is appropriate.  过 also makes sense, because you're making a statement about your life experience.
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Use 从来 (cónglái) with 没 (méi) or 没有 (méiyǒu) (and 过 (guò) after the verb) to indicate that you ''have '''never''' done something'' (it's not a part of your life experience).  You're talking about the past now, because you're talking about what you haven't done before, so 没有 (méiyǒu) is appropriate.  过 (guò) also makes sense, because you're making a statement about your life experience.
  
Keep in mind that 从来 may be shortened to just 从 in casual speech.
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Keep in mind that 从来 (cónglái) may be shortened to just 从 (cóng) in casual speech.
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
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</div>
 
</div>
  
Note that you can have an object or other information after the verb, but the 过 needs to come immediately after the verb.
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Note that you can have an object or other information after the verb, but the 过 (guò) needs to come immediately after the verb.
  
 
=== Examples ===
 
=== Examples ===
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Also, Keep in mind that 从来 may be shortened to just 从 in casual speech. So the pattern is:
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Also, Keep in mind that 从来 (cónglái) may be shortened to just 从 (cóng) in casual speech. So the pattern is:
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">

Revision as of 05:33, 15 October 2014

Although it can also work in the positive, 从来 (cónglái) is usually learned when you want to express that you never do something (as a habit, or as a rule), or that you have never done something (it's not a part of your life experience). In either of these two usages, 从来 (cónglái) may be shortened to just 从 (cóng) in casual speech.

从来 with 不

Structure

When you follow 从来 (cónglái) with 不 (bù), you are expressing that you never do something (as a habit, or as a rule). It's often used as a way to refuse something, as in "I never drink."

Subject + 从来 + 不 + Verb Phrase

Examples

  • 从来 不 喝 酒。She never drinks.
  • 从来 不 一 个 人 在 家。I have never been home alone.
  • 从来 不 关心 别人。He never cares about others.
  • 从来 不 吃 鱼。I never eat fish.
  • 从来 不 说 英文。I never speak English.
  • 我 爸爸 从来 不 生气。My dad never angry.
  • 你 父母 从来 不 打 你 吗?Do your parents never hit you?
  • 我 的 女朋友 从来 不 给 我 打电话。My girlfriend never gives me a call.
  • 她 很 奇怪,她 从来 不 笑。She is very strange, she never laughs.
  • 这 个 地方 从来 不 下雪。It never snows at this place.

Keep in mind that 从来 (cónglái) may be shortened to just 从 (cóng) in casual speech.

Subject + 从不 + Verb Phrase

  • 从不 喝 酒。She never drinks.
  • 从不 一 个 人 在 家。I have never been home alone.
  • 从不 关心 别人。He never cares about others.
  • 从不 吃 鱼。I never eat fish.
  • 从不 说 英文。I never speak English.
  • 我 爸爸 从不 生气。My dad never angry.
  • 你 父母 从不 打 你 吗?Do your parents never hit you?
  • 我 的 女朋友 从不 给 我 打电话。My girlfriend never gives me a call.
  • 她 很 奇怪,她 从不 笑。She is very strange, she never laughs.
  • 这 个 地方 从不 下雪。It never snows at this place.

从来 with 没

Structure

Use 从来 (cónglái) with 没 (méi) or 没有 (méiyǒu) (and 过 (guò) after the verb) to indicate that you have never done something (it's not a part of your life experience). You're talking about the past now, because you're talking about what you haven't done before, so 没有 (méiyǒu) is appropriate. 过 (guò) also makes sense, because you're making a statement about your life experience.

Keep in mind that 从来 (cónglái) may be shortened to just 从 (cóng) in casual speech.

Subject + 从来 + 没(有) + Verb + 过

Note that you can have an object or other information after the verb, but the 过 (guò) needs to come immediately after the verb.

Examples

  • 从来 没(有) 美国。I have never gone to the USA.
  • 从来 没(有) 这 个 问题。I have never thought of this problem.
  • 从来 没(有) 中国 菜。I have never made Chinese food.
  • 从来 没(有) 可乐。He has never been drunk cola.
  • 从来 没(有) 臭 豆腐。I have never eaten stinky tofu.
  • 从来 没(有)She has never cried.
  • 从来 没(有) 听说 这 个 地方。I have never before heard about this place.
  • 有的 孩子 从来 没(有) 电脑。Some kids have never used a computer.
  • 分手 以后, 我 从来 没(有) 他。After breaking up, I never saw him again.
  • 从来 没(有) 这 个 词。I have never before studied this word.

Also, Keep in mind that 从来 (cónglái) may be shortened to just 从 (cóng) in casual speech. So the pattern is:

Subject + 从没 + Verb + 过

  • 从没 美国。I have never gone to the USA.
  • 从没 这 个 问题。I have never thought of this problem.
  • 从没 中国 菜。I have never made Chinese food.
  • 从没 可乐。He has never been drunk cola.
  • 从没 臭 豆腐。I have never eaten stinky tofu.
  • 从没She has never cried.
  • 从没 听说 这 个 地方。I have never before heard about this place.
  • 有的 孩子 从没 电脑。Some kids have never used a computer.
  • 分手 以后, 我 从没 他。After breaking up, I never saw him again.
  • 从没 这 个 词。I have never before studied this word.

See also

Sources and further reading

Books

Websites