Difference between revisions of "Expressing ability or possibility with "neng""

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* 他们 明天 <em>能</em> 早 点 来 吗?<span class="pinyin"> Tāmen míngtiān <em>néng</em> zǎo diǎn lái ma?</span><span class="trans">Would it be possible for them to come a little earlier tomorrow?</span>
 
* 他们 明天 <em>能</em> 早 点 来 吗?<span class="pinyin"> Tāmen míngtiān <em>néng</em> zǎo diǎn lái ma?</span><span class="trans">Would it be possible for them to come a little earlier tomorrow?</span>
 
* 你们 <em>能</em> 小声 一点 吗?<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen <em>néng</em> xiǎo shēng yīdiǎn ma?</span><span class="trans">Could you all lower your voices a bit?</span>
 
* 你们 <em>能</em> 小声 一点 吗?<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen <em>néng</em> xiǎo shēng yīdiǎn ma?</span><span class="trans">Could you all lower your voices a bit?</span>
* 你 <em>能</em> 告诉 我 她的 手机 号码 吗 ?<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>néng</em> gàosu wǒ tā de shǒujī hàomǎ ma?</span><span class="trans">Could you tell me her cell phone number?</span>
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* 你 <em>能</em> 告诉 我 她的 手机 号码 吗 ?<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>néng</em> gàosù wǒ tā de shǒujī hàomǎ ma?</span><span class="trans">Could you tell me her cell phone number?</span>
 
* 一 千 块 <em>能</em> 买 一 个 手机 吗?<span class="pinyin">Yīqiān kuài <em>néng</em> mǎi yī gè shǒujī ma?</span><span class="trans">Is it possible to buy a cell phone with one thousand RMB?</span>
 
* 一 千 块 <em>能</em> 买 一 个 手机 吗?<span class="pinyin">Yīqiān kuài <em>néng</em> mǎi yī gè shǒujī ma?</span><span class="trans">Is it possible to buy a cell phone with one thousand RMB?</span>
 
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Revision as of 01:30, 17 January 2017

能 (néng) is one of several Chinese words that is normally translated as "can" in English. However, 能 (néng) is used to emphasize one's ability or the possibility of something happening.

Expressing Ability

能 (néng) indicates ability when used with activities that are not consciously learned or studied.

Structure

The structure to use 能 (néng) to express "ability" is:

Subj. + 能 + Verb + Obj.

Examples

  • 吃 四 十 个 饺子。néng chī sìshí gè jiǎozi.I can eat 40 dumplings.
  • 工作 24 个 小时。néng gōngzuò èrshí-sì gè xiǎoshí.He can work 24 hours.
  • 帮 我 找到 他 吗? néng bāng wǒ zhǎo dào tā ma?Can you help me find him?
  • 你 的 手机 上网 吗?Nǐ de shǒujī néng shàngwǎng ma?Can your cell phone go on the internet?
  • 一 岁 的 宝宝 说话 吗?Yī suì de bǎobao néng shuōhuà ma?Can a one year old baby talk?

Expressing Possibility

When used with activities that are consciously learned or studied, 能 (néng) generally means that circumstances do not allow execution of the action. In other words, it's not possible.

Structure

The structure to use 能 (néng) to express possibility is exactly the same:

Subj. + 能 + Verb + Obj.

Examples

  • 开车 一 个 小时 到 家 吗?Kāi chē yī gè xiǎoshí néng dàojiā ma?Is it possible to drive home in one hour?
  • 他们 明天 早 点 来 吗? Tāmen míngtiān néng zǎo diǎn lái ma?Would it be possible for them to come a little earlier tomorrow?
  • 你们 小声 一点 吗?Nǐmen néng xiǎo shēng yīdiǎn ma?Could you all lower your voices a bit?
  • 告诉 我 她的 手机 号码 吗 ?néng gàosù wǒ tā de shǒujī hàomǎ ma?Could you tell me her cell phone number?
  • 一 千 块 买 一 个 手机 吗?Yīqiān kuài néng mǎi yī gè shǒujī ma?Is it possible to buy a cell phone with one thousand RMB?

Other Usages

From these examples we can see such circumstances might be pertaining to getting someone's consent or reliant on the speaker's health. If the speaker wishes to express that they are able to execute an action requiring a consciously studied skill, 会 (huì) can be used instead.

Because 能 (néng) can express possibility, it is often used to form polite questions, something like "would it be possible" in English:

Examples

  • 问 你 一 个 问题 吗?néng wèn nǐ yī gè wènti ma?Could I ask you a question?
  • 坐 在 这里 吗?néng zuò zài zhèlǐ ma?Could I sit here?
  • 这里 不 游泳。it's not allowed, or not possible for other reasonsZhèlǐ bù néng yóuyǒng.You can't swim here.
  • 上课 的 时候 不 说 英文。my teacher has forbidden me from speaking English.Shàngkè de shíhou bù néng shuō Yīngwén.In class, you can't speak English.
  • 工作 的 时候 不 玩 手机。Gōngzuò de shíhou bù néng wán shǒujī.When working, you can't play with your cell phone.

See also

Sources and further reading

Websites

Books