Difference between revisions of "Expressing "and" with "he" (advanced)"

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Level
Level
Similar to
- Expressing "and" with "he" (A1)
- Combining verbs with "bing" (B2)
- Expressing "moreover" with "bingqie" (B2)
Similar to
- Expressing "and" with "he" (HSK1)
- Combining verbs with "bing" (HSK4)
- Expressing "moreover" with "bingqie" (HSK4)
Used for

Listing
Keywords

和

You probably learned early on that 和 (hé) is used to connect nouns and noun phrases not mean "and," but not sentences. This rule is fine for a while but eventually you will begin encountering what appears to be non-nouns linked by 和. This article addresses when it's grammatically correct to use 和 in other ways.

Linking Verbs with 和

Verb1 + 和 + Verb2

大多数情况下，由“和”连接的两个动词具有如下特点：

是同类词。这里“同类”的意思是指这两个动词所指相似，表述范围基本一致。这是为什么“唱歌和跳舞”听起来是自然的，但是“玩游戏和跑”就很别扭。
是双音节动词。
两个动词都有一个共同的修饰成分或者有一个共同的宾语。

政府每年都会维护和修理这些建筑。
我们需要进一步地了解和交流。
他十八岁的时候就管理和运营着一家公司。
这种材料可以无限地回收和利用。
预防和治理污染需要所有人共同的努力。

Linking Adjectives with 和

Adj1 + 和 + Adj2

大多数情况下，由“和”连接的两个形容词具有如下特点：

在句中不做谓语，而是做其他句子成分，比如：宾语、定语等。
形容词前面都有修饰成分。

我就是喜欢她任性和调皮，怎么了？(做宾语)
她那么单纯和天真，你怎么可以这样对她？(有修饰成分)
她安静和甜美的笑容让我觉得温暖。(做定语)
这种恐惧和担心不是没有道理。(有修饰成分，做主语)
你什么时候才可以像他那样冷静和理性？(有修饰成分)

Sources and further reading

Books

Basic Patterns of Chinese Grammar (pp. 74-5) →buy
Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second Edition (pp. 14-5) →buy
现代汉语虚词例释 (p. 236)→buy
现代汉语八百词 p.265 →buy
实用现代汉语语法(p.317)→buy

Websites

@@ Line 57: / Line 57: @@
 * [[Basic Patterns of Chinese Grammar]] (pp. 74-5) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1933330899/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399373&creativeASIN=1933330899 →buy]
 * [[Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second Edition]] (pp. 14-5) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0415372615/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=0415372615 →buy]
+* [[现代汉语虚词例释]] (p. 236)[http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B004323J90/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]
+* [[现代汉语八百词]] p.265 [http://www.amazon.cn/mn/detailApp?_encoding=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&asin=B001198GSW&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B001198GSW →buy]
+* [[实用现代汉语语法]](p.317)[http://www.amazon.cn/mn/detailApp?_encoding=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&asin=B003YJGCSS&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B003YJGCSS →buy]
 === Websites ===