Difference between revisions of "Potential complement "-bu dong" for not understanding"
Line 16: Line 16:
  
 
=== Examples ===
 
=== Examples ===
 +
 +
In the examples below, 搞不懂 (gǎo bùdǒng) is a colloquial expression meaning "cannot make any sense of."
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
 +
* 你 <strong>看</strong> <em>不 懂</em> 这 些 汉字 吗？<span class="expl">Literally: read-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Nǐ <strong>kàn</strong> <em>bùdǒng</em> zhè xiē hànzì ma?</span> <span class="trans">Do you not understand these characters?</span>
 +
* 老板 的 中文 说 得 很好，可是 他 <strong>看</strong> <em>不懂</em> 中文 报纸 。 <span class="expl">Literally: read-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn de Zhōngwén shuō de hěn hǎo, kěshì tā <strong>kàn</strong> <em>bùdǒng</em> Zhōngwén bàozhǐ.</span> <span class="trans">The boss speaks very good Chinese, but he doesn't understand Chinese newspapers.</span>
 +
* 你 怎么 总是 <strong>听</strong> <em>不懂</em> 我 的 话？<span class="expl">Literally: hear-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Nǐ zěnme zǒngshì <strong>tīng</strong> <em>bùdǒng</em> wǒ de huà?</span> <span class="trans">How could you always not understand what I say?</span>
 
* 我  <strong>听</strong> <em>不懂</em> 上海话 。 <span class="expl">Literally: hear-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ <strong>tīng</strong> <em>bùdǒng</em> Shànghǎi-huà.</span> <span class="trans">I don't understand Shanghai dialect.</span>
 
* 我  <strong>听</strong> <em>不懂</em> 上海话 。 <span class="expl">Literally: hear-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ <strong>tīng</strong> <em>bùdǒng</em> Shànghǎi-huà.</span> <span class="trans">I don't understand Shanghai dialect.</span>
 +
* 我 小 时候，常常 <strong>听</strong> <em>不 懂</em> 大人 在 说 什么。 <span class="expl">Literally: hear-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ xiǎo shíhou, chángcháng <strong>tīng</strong> <em>bùdǒng</em>  dàrén zài shuō shénme.</span> <span class="trans">When I was young, I often didn't understand what adults talked about.</span>
 
* 很 多 人 <strong>读</strong> <em>不懂</em> 这 本 书 。 <span class="expl">Literally: read-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Hěn duō rén <strong> dú </strong> <em>bùdǒng</em> zhè běn shū.</span> <span class="trans">Many people don't understand this book.</span>
 
* 很 多 人 <strong>读</strong> <em>不懂</em> 这 本 书 。 <span class="expl">Literally: read-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Hěn duō rén <strong> dú </strong> <em>bùdǒng</em> zhè běn shū.</span> <span class="trans">Many people don't understand this book.</span>
 +
* 这 个 句子 很 难， 学生们 都 <strong>读</strong> <em>不 懂</em>。 <span class="expl">Literally: read-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Zhè ge jùzi hěnnán, xuéshengmen dōu <strong> dú </strong> <em>bùdǒng</em>.</span> <span class="trans">This sentence is very difficult. None of the students understand.</span>
 
* 我们 都 <strong>搞</strong> <em>不 懂</em> 她 为什么 这样 做。<span class="expl">Literally: make-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒmen dōu <strong>gǎo</strong> <em>bù dǒng</em> tā wèishénme zhèyàng zuò.</span> <span class="trans">None of us understand why she did this.</span>
 
* 我们 都 <strong>搞</strong> <em>不 懂</em> 她 为什么 这样 做。<span class="expl">Literally: make-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒmen dōu <strong>gǎo</strong> <em>bù dǒng</em> tā wèishénme zhèyàng zuò.</span> <span class="trans">None of us understand why she did this.</span>
−
* 你 <strong>看</strong> <em>不 懂</em> 这 些 汉字 吗？<span class="expl">Literally: read-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Nǐ <strong>kàn</strong> <em>bùdǒng</em> zhè xiē hànzì ma?</span> <span class="trans">Do you not understand these characters?</span>
 
−
* 你 怎么 总是 <strong>听</strong> <em>不懂</em> 我 的 话？<span class="expl">Literally: hear-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Nǐ zěnme zǒngshì <strong>tīng</strong> <em>bùdǒng</em> wǒ de huà?</span> <span class="trans">How could you always not understand what I say?</span>
 
−
* 我 小时候，常常 <strong>听</strong> <em>不 懂</em> 大人 在 说 什么。 <span class="expl">Literally: listen-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ xiǎo shíhou, chángcháng <strong>tīng</strong> <em>bùdǒng</em>  dàrén zài shuō shénme.</span> <span class="trans">When I was young, I often didn't understand what adults talked about.</span>
 
−
* 这 个 句子 很 难， 学生们 都 <strong>读</strong> <em>不 懂</em>。 <span class="expl">Literally: read-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Zhè ge jùzi hěnnán, xuéshengmen dōu <strong> dú </strong> <em>bùdǒng</em>.</span> <span class="trans">This sentence is very difficult. None of the students understand.</span>
 
 
* 父母 常常 <strong>搞</strong> <em>不 懂</em> 孩子 在 想 什么。 <span class="expl">Literally: make-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Fùmǔ  chángcháng <strong>gǎo</strong> <em>bùdǒng</em> háizi zài xiǎng shénme.</span> <span class="trans">Parents often don't understand what their kids are thinking.</span>
 
* 父母 常常 <strong>搞</strong> <em>不 懂</em> 孩子 在 想 什么。 <span class="expl">Literally: make-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Fùmǔ  chángcháng <strong>gǎo</strong> <em>bùdǒng</em> háizi zài xiǎng shénme.</span> <span class="trans">Parents often don't understand what their kids are thinking.</span>
 
* 我 真 <strong>搞</strong> <em>不懂</em> 你 怎么 会 跟 那 种 人 在 一起？ <span class="expl">Literally: make-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ zhēn <strong>gǎo</strong> <em>bùdǒng</em> nǐ zěnme huì gēn zhè zhǒng rén zài yīqǐ?</span><span class="trans">I really can't figure out why you would be with that kind of person.</span>
 
* 我 真 <strong>搞</strong> <em>不懂</em> 你 怎么 会 跟 那 种 人 在 一起？ <span class="expl">Literally: make-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ zhēn <strong>gǎo</strong> <em>bùdǒng</em> nǐ zěnme huì gēn zhè zhǒng rén zài yīqǐ?</span><span class="trans">I really can't figure out why you would be with that kind of person.</span>
−
* 老板 的 中文 说 得 很好，可是 他 <strong>看</strong> <em>不懂</em> 中文 报纸 。 <span class="expl">Literally: read-not-understand</span><span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn de Zhōngwén shuō de hěn hǎo, kěshì tā <strong>kàn</strong> <em>bùdǒng</em> Zhōngwén bàozhǐ.</span> <span class="trans">The boss speaks very good Chinese, but he doesn't understand Chinese newspapers.</span>
 
  
 
</div>
 
</div>

Revision as of 09:22, 14 March 2016

Chinese learners often have to express that they don't understand something, especially in the beginning when they start learning. One of the ways to express that is to use the 不懂 (bù dǒng) verb complement.

Structure

The potential complement 不懂 (bù dǒng) is used to talk about things that can't be understood. Note that this is about potential - the subject doesn't have the ability to understand.

Subj. + Verb + 不懂

The 不懂 (bù dǒng) may be swapped out with 不明白 (bù míngbai).

Examples

In the examples below, 搞不懂 (gǎo bùdǒng) is a colloquial expression meaning "cannot make any sense of."

  • 你 看 不 懂 这 些 汉字 吗？Literally: read-not-understandNǐ kàn bùdǒng zhè xiē hànzì ma? Do you not understand these characters?
  • 老板 的 中文 说 得 很好，可是 他 看 不懂 中文 报纸 。 Literally: read-not-understandLǎobǎn de Zhōngwén shuō de hěn hǎo, kěshì tā kàn bùdǒng Zhōngwén bàozhǐ. The boss speaks very good Chinese, but he doesn't understand Chinese newspapers.
  • 你 怎么 总是 听 不懂 我 的 话？Literally: hear-not-understandNǐ zěnme zǒngshì tīng bùdǒng wǒ de huà? How could you always not understand what I say?
  • 我 听 不懂 上海话 。 Literally: hear-not-understandWǒ tīng bùdǒng Shànghǎi-huà. I don't understand Shanghai dialect.
  • 我 小 时候，常常 听 不 懂 大人 在 说 什么。 Literally: hear-not-understandWǒ xiǎo shíhou, chángcháng tīng bùdǒng dàrén zài shuō shénme. When I was young, I often didn't understand what adults talked about.
  • 很 多 人 读 不懂 这 本 书 。 Literally: read-not-understandHěn duō rén dú bùdǒng zhè běn shū. Many people don't understand this book.
  • 这 个 句子 很 难， 学生们 都 读 不 懂。 Literally: read-not-understandZhè ge jùzi hěnnán, xuéshengmen dōu dú bùdǒng. This sentence is very difficult. None of the students understand.
  • 我们 都 搞 不 懂 她 为什么 这样 做。Literally: make-not-understandWǒmen dōu gǎo bù dǒng tā wèishénme zhèyàng zuò. None of us understand why she did this.
  • 父母 常常 搞 不 懂 孩子 在 想 什么。 Literally: make-not-understandFùmǔ chángcháng gǎo bùdǒng háizi zài xiǎng shénme. Parents often don't understand what their kids are thinking.
  • 我 真 搞 不懂 你 怎么 会 跟 那 种 人 在 一起？ Literally: make-not-understandWǒ zhēn gǎo bùdǒng nǐ zěnme huì gēn zhè zhǒng rén zài yīqǐ?I really can't figure out why you would be with that kind of person.

See also

Sources and further reading

Books

Websites

Retrieved from "https://resources.allsetlearning.com/gramwiki/?title=Potential_complement_%22-bu_dong%22_for_not_understanding&oldid=27860"