Sequencing with "xian" and "zai"

The word 再 (zài) actually has a lot of uses, beyond just "again." "先⋯⋯， 再⋯⋯" (xiān..., zài...) is a pattern used for sequencing events, much like "First..., then..." in English. This pattern can also include "然后" (ránhòu) meaning "and after that."

General Usage of 先 and 再

In the pattern below, 再 has a meaning of "then" or "and then."

Structure

先 + [Verb Phrase 1] + 再 + [Verb Phrase 2]

Examples

• 我 会 先 洗 手，再 吃 晚饭。Wǒ huì xiān xǐ shǒu, zài chī wǎnfàn.I'll first wash my hands, then eat dinner.
• 她 要 先 吃 早饭，再 去 学校。Tā yào xiān chī zǎofàn, zài qù xuéxiào.First she's going to eat breakfast, then she'll go to school.
• 我 喜欢 先 洗澡，再 睡觉。Wǒ xǐhuan xiān xǐzǎo, zài shuìjiào.I prefer to take a bath before I go to bed.

Using 再说

You may have learned that "再说" can mean "in addition." Well, this usage of 再 is a more literal combination of 再 + 说, fitting into the 先⋯⋯再⋯⋯ pattern.

So in this usage, 再说 doesn't really mean "in addition." Rather, it most literally means "and then we'll talk." In other words, "let's just do this now," and then after we see the result, we can talk some more about next steps. There's kind of a "let's see how this goes first" feeling to the expression.

Structure

Note that in the pattern below, the sentence normally ends with 再说.

先 + [Event 1] + 再说

Examples

• 先 吃饭 再说 。Xiān chīfàn zàishuō.Let's eat first, then we'll talk.
• 先让 他 把 工作 做完再说 。Xiān ràng tā bǎ gōngzuò zuò wán zàishuō.Let him finish his work first, and then we'll talk.
• 我 先 跟我 父母 商量一下再说 。Wǒ xiān gēn wǒ fùmǔ shāngliang yīxià zàishuō.I'm going to talk to my parents first, then we can talk.
• 我们 先 休息 一下 再说 。Wǒmen xiān xiūxi yīxià zàishuō.Let's rest a little first, then talk.
• 你们 先 讨论 一下 再说 。Nǐmen xiān tǎolùn yīxià zàishuō.You guys discuss a little first, then we'll talk.

Sources and further reading

Books

• Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (3rd ed) (pp. 258-9) →buy
• Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2 (pp. 19-20) →buy
• 卓越汉语－公司实战篇 (p. 172) →buy