Difference between revisions of "Advanced uses of direction complement "-qilai""
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[[Result complement "-qilai"|We saw in B1]] that 起来 (qǐlái), among other things, can be used to express a literal upward movement. 起来 also has some more slightly less intuitive usages, listed below.
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We have seen before that 起来 (qǐlái), among other things, can be [[Direction complement "-qilai"|used to express a literal upward movement]]. 起来 also has some less intuitive usages, which are figurative extensions of the "movement" idea. For example, 起来 can be used to express collecting things together, sort of like in English we might say "tidy up," or "gather up."
  
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==Expressing bringing things together==
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== Structure ==
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===Structure===
 
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起来 can be used to express collecting things together, where in English we might say "tidy up", or "add up".
 
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
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Verb + 起来
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Verb + 起来  
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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===Examples===
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Note that you will often see this pattern used with 把 sentence.
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<div class="liju">
 
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* 请 把13 和 15 <strong>加</strong>  <em> 起来</em>。
 
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* 宝宝，你 应该 把 你 的 玩具 <strong>收</strong> <em> 起来</em> 。
 
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* 怎么 才 能 让 她  <strong>高兴</strong> <em> 起来</em>。
 
  
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<div class="jiegou">
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Subj. + 把 + Obj. + Verb + 起来
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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==Expressing initiation of an action==
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== Examples ==
  
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===Structure===
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These examples are all more literal cases of bringing physical things together is some way.
  
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起来 can also be used to show that an action or state has started and is ongoing:
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<div class="liju">
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*13 和 15 <strong>加</strong> <em>起来</em> 是 多少 ？<span class="pinyin">Shísān hé shíwǔ <strong>jiā</strong> <em>qǐlái</em> shì duōshǎo?</span><span class="trans">How much are 13 and 15 added up?</span>
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<div class="jiegou">
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*他 <strong>把</strong> 衣服 都 <strong>收</strong> <em>起来</em> 了 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <strong>bǎ</strong> yīfu dōu <strong>shōu</strong> <em>qǐlái</em> le.</span><span class="trans">He put away the clothes.</span>
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Verb + 起来 +　了
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*我 老婆 <strong>把</strong> 钱 都 <strong>存</strong> <em>起来</em> 了 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ lǎopo <strong>bǎ</strong> qián dōu <strong>cún</strong> <em>qǐlái</em> le.</span><span class="trans">My wife saves all our money.</span>
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*<strong>把</strong> 你 的 玩具 都 <strong>收</strong> <em>起来</em>  。<span class="pinyin"><strong>bǎ</strong> nǐ de wánjù dōu <strong>shōu</strong> <em>qǐlái</em>.</span><span class="trans">Put your toys away.</span>
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*你 为什么 要 <strong>把</strong> 我 的 手机 <strong>藏</strong> <em>起来</em> ？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ wèishénme yào <strong>bǎ</strong> wǒ de shǒujī <strong>cáng</strong> <em>qǐlái</em>?</span><span class="trans">Why would you hide my cell phone?</span>
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* 你 可以 把 手机 拆开 ， 但是 你 能 重新 <strong>装</strong> <em>起来</em> 吗 ？ <span class="pinyin">Nǐ kěyǐ bǎ shǒujī chāikāi, dànshì nǐ néng chóngxīn <strong>zhuāng</strong> <em>qǐlái</em> ma?</span><span class="trans">You can take the phone apart, but can you put it all back together again?</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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===Examples===
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起来 can also be used to express more abstract concepts of bringing things together.
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
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* 大家  <em>笑 起来</em> 了。
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* 这 两 个 颜色 <strong>搭配</strong> <em>起来</em> 很 漂亮 。 <span class="pinyin">Zhè liǎng gè yánsè <strong>dāpèi</strong> <em>qǐlái</em> hěn piàoliang.</span><span class="trans">These two colors look great when you combine them.</span>
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* 两 个 大妈  <em>吵 起来</em> 了。
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*如果 我们 <strong>团结</strong> <em>起来</em> ，一定 能 赢 。<span class="pinyin">Rúguǒ wǒmen <strong>tuánjié</strong> <em>qǐlái</em>, yīdìng néng yíng.</span><span class="trans">We will absolutely win this if we band together.</span>
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* 今天 天气 <em>热 起来</em> 了。
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*如果 你 <strong>把</strong> 工作 和 兴趣 <strong>结合</strong> <em>起来</em>，工作 就 会 很 快乐 。<span class="pinyin">Rúguǒ nǐ <strong>bǎ</strong> gōngzuò hé xìngqù <strong>jiéhé</strong> <em>qǐlái</em>, gōngzuò jiù huì hěn kuàilè.</span><span class="trans"> If you combine your work with your interests, working will be fun.</span>
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* 他 的 病 <em>好起来</em>了。
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*如果 你 能 <strong>回忆</strong> <em>起来</em> 这 件 事情，就 好 了。<span class="pinyin">Rúguǒ nǐ néng huíyì qǐlái zhè jiàn shìqing, jiù hǎo le.</span><span class="trans">It would be good if you could recall this incident.</span>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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When used like this, 起来 is only used with spontaneous actions, like 唱, 跳, 讨论, or with states like  热，冷，or 好 etc. It cannot be used with planned actions.
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== See also ==
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<div class="liju">
 
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<ul>
 
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<li class="x"> 我们 做饭 起来 吧。</li>
 
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<li class="o"> 我们 开始 做饭 吧。</li>
 
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</ul>
 
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</div>
 
  
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==See also==
 
 
*[[Result complement "-qilai"]]
 
*[[Result complement "-qilai"]]
 
* Figurative directional complements [[Result complement "xiaqu"|下去]] and [[Resultative Complement "chu(lai)"|出来]]
 
* Figurative directional complements [[Result complement "xiaqu"|下去]] and [[Resultative Complement "chu(lai)"|出来]]
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* [[Appearance with "kanqilai"]]
 
* [[Appearance with "kanqilai"]]
  
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== Sources and further reading ==
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== Sources and further reading ==
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===Books===
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=== Books ===
  
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* [[Boya Chinese Elementary Starter 2 (博雅汉语初经起步篇)]] (pp. 80) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/7301078617/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399373&creativeASIN=7301078617 →buy]
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{{Source|HSK Standard Course 4下|135}}
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* [[Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级) ]] (pp. 25-31) [http://www.amazon.cn/gp/product/B004WA6JSQ/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B004WA6JSQ →buy]
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{{Source|Boya Chinese Elementary Starter 2 (博雅汉语初经起步篇)|80}}
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* [[Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1]] (pp. 342-3) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276792/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=0887276792 →buy]
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{{Source|Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级) |25-31}}
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* [[New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3)]] (pp. 169) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/756191251X/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=756191251X →buy]
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{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed)|141-2}}
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* [[New Practical Chinese Reader 5 (新实用汉语课本5) ]] (pp. 134-5) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/7561914083/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=7561914083 →buy]
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{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1|342-3}}
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{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2|20}}
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{{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3)|169}}
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{{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 5 (新实用汉语课本5) |134-5}}
  
 
=== Websites ===
 
=== Websites ===
  
 
* Yale: [http://comet.cls.yale.edu/mandarin/content/directional/grammar/direction-3a.htm Extended meaning of some directional complements]
 
* Yale: [http://comet.cls.yale.edu/mandarin/content/directional/grammar/direction-3a.htm Extended meaning of some directional complements]
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{{Basic Grammar|起来|B2|V + 起来|大家 笑 起来 了|grammar point|ASGSCN01}}
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{{HSK|HSK4}}
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{{Basic Grammar|起来|B2|Verb + 起来|宝宝，你 应该 把 你 的 玩具 <strong>收</strong> <em> 起来</em> 。|grammar point|ASGSCN01}}
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{{Rel char|来}}
 
{{Similar|Result complement "-qilai"}}
 
{{Similar|Result complement "-qilai"}}
 
{{Similar|Result complement "xiaqu"}}
 
{{Similar|Result complement "xiaqu"}}

Latest revision as of 07:21, 29 December 2020

We have seen before that 起来 (qǐlái), among other things, can be used to express a literal upward movement. 起来 also has some less intuitive usages, which are figurative extensions of the "movement" idea. For example, 起来 can be used to express collecting things together, sort of like in English we might say "tidy up," or "gather up."

Structure

Verb + 起来

Note that you will often see this pattern used with 把 sentence.

Subj. + 把 + Obj. + Verb + 起来

Examples

These examples are all more literal cases of bringing physical things together is some way.

  • 13 和 15 加 起来 是 多少 ？Shísān hé shíwǔ jiā qǐlái shì duōshǎo?How much are 13 and 15 added up?
  • 他 把 衣服 都 收 起来 了 。Tā bǎ yīfu dōu shōu qǐlái le.He put away the clothes.
  • 我 老婆 把 钱 都 存 起来 了 。Wǒ lǎopo bǎ qián dōu cún qǐlái le.My wife saves all our money.
  • 把 你 的 玩具 都 收 起来 。bǎ nǐ de wánjù dōu shōu qǐlái.Put your toys away.
  • 你 为什么 要 把 我 的 手机 藏 起来 ？Nǐ wèishénme yào bǎ wǒ de shǒujī cáng qǐlái?Why would you hide my cell phone?
  • 你 可以 把 手机 拆开 ， 但是 你 能 重新 装 起来 吗 ？ Nǐ kěyǐ bǎ shǒujī chāikāi, dànshì nǐ néng chóngxīn zhuāng qǐlái ma?You can take the phone apart, but can you put it all back together again?

起来 can also be used to express more abstract concepts of bringing things together.

  • 这 两 个 颜色 搭配 起来 很 漂亮 。 Zhè liǎng gè yánsè dāpèi qǐlái hěn piàoliang.These two colors look great when you combine them.
  • 如果 我们 团结 起来 ，一定 能 赢 。Rúguǒ wǒmen tuánjié qǐlái, yīdìng néng yíng.We will absolutely win this if we band together.
  • 如果 你 把 工作 和 兴趣 结合 起来，工作 就 会 很 快乐 。Rúguǒ nǐ bǎ gōngzuò hé xìngqù jiéhé qǐlái, gōngzuò jiù huì hěn kuàilè. If you combine your work with your interests, working will be fun.
  • 如果 你 能 回忆 起来 这 件 事情，就 好 了。Rúguǒ nǐ néng huíyì qǐlái zhè jiàn shìqing, jiù hǎo le.It would be good if you could recall this incident.

See also

Sources and further reading

Books

Websites

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