Difference between revisions of "Expressing "not anymore" with "le""

(Created page with "== Expressing "Not Anymore" == In a negative sentence, the sentence-final 了 can taken on the meaning of "(not) anymore" or "no longer." <div class="liju"> * 没 有 纸 <...")
 
m (Text replacement - "{{HSK|HSK1}}" to "{{HSK|HSK1}}{{2021-HSK|HSK1}}")
 
(64 intermediate revisions by 13 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
== Expressing "Not Anymore" ==
+
{{Grammar Box}}
  
−
In a negative sentence, the sentence-final 了 can taken on the meaning of "(not) anymore" or "no longer."
+
In a negative sentence, the [[Change of state with "le"|sentence-final 了 (le)]] can take on the meaning of "(not) anymore" or "no longer." The word [[已经|已经 (yǐjīng)]], which [[Expressing "already" with "yijing"|means "already,"]] may nor may not accompany it.
 +
 
 +
== 不 with Only 了 ==
 +
 
 +
=== Structure ===
 +
 
 +
<div class="jiegou">
 +
不 + [Verb Phrase] + 了
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
Note that without the 了 this pattern is still correct, but then the resulting sentence would <em>no longer [[Change of state with "le"|indicate a change]]</em> (which is the whole point of the word "anymore").
 +
 
 +
=== Examples ===
 +
 
 +
<div class="liju">
 +
 
 +
*我 <em>不</em> 想 吃 <em>了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>bù</em> xiǎng chī <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">I don't want to eat anymore.</span>
 +
*你 <em>不</em> 喜欢 我 <em>了</em> 吗？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>bù</em> xǐhuan wǒ <em>le</em> ma?</span><span class="trans">You don't like me anymore?</span>
 +
*你们 <em>不</em> 能 打 <em>了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen <em>bù</em> néng dǎ <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">You can't fight anymore.</span>
 +
 
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
== 没有 with Only 了 ==
 +
 
 +
=== Structure ===
 +
 
 +
<div class="jiegou">
 +
没(有) + [Noun Phrase] + 了
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
Again, without the 了 this pattern is still correct, but then the resulting sentence would <em>no longer [[Change of state with "le"|indicate a change]]</em> (which is the whole point of the word "anymore").
 +
 
 +
=== Examples ===
 +
 
 +
<div class="liju">
 +
 
 +
*<em>没有</em> 纸 <em>了</em> 。<span class="expl">in other words, "we're out of paper"</span><span class="pinyin"><em>Méiyǒu</em> zhǐ <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">There's no paper anymore.</span>
 +
*手机 <em>没</em> 电 <em>了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Shǒujī <em>méi</em> diàn <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">My cell phone has run out of power.</span>
 +
*他 <em>没有</em> 家 <em>了</em>。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>méiyǒu</em> jiā <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">He doesn't have a home anymore.</span>
 +
 
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
== Adding 已经 for Emphasis ==
 +
 
 +
Use of the word [[已经]] (yǐjīng) to mean "anymore" is optional for this pattern, but either [[不]] (bù) or [[没有]] (méiyǒu) will be needed to make the verb negative. The [[Change of state with "le"|sentence-final 了 (le)]] is required, though, [[Expressing "already" with "yijing"|since 已经 is used]].
 +
 
 +
=== Structure ===
 +
 
 +
<div class="jiegou">
 +
已经 + 不 + [Verb Phrase] + 了
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
<div class="jiegou">
 +
已经 + 没(有) + [Noun Phrase] + 了
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
=== Examples ===
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
−
* 没 有 纸 <em>了</em>。<span class="expl">"There's no paper anymore." (in other words, "we're out of paper")</span>
+
*我 <strong>已经</strong> <em>不</em> 住 这里 <em>了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <strong>yǐjīng</strong> <em>bù</em> zhù zhèlǐ <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">I don't live here anymore.</span>
−
* 他 不 会 再 去见她<em>了</em>。<span class="expl">"He is not going to see her anymore." (but he did before)</span>
+
*他 <strong>已经</strong> <em>不</em> 在 这儿 工作 <em>了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <strong>yǐjīng</strong> <em>bù</em> zài zhèr gōngzuò <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">He doesn't work here anymore.</span>
−
* 我 不 能 喝酒 <em>了</em>。<span class="expl">"I can't drink ''anymore''."</span>
+
*他们 <strong>已经</strong> <em>不</em> 在 一起 <em>了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Tāmen <strong>yǐjīng</strong> <em>bù</em> zài yīqǐ <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">They are no longer together.</span>
−
* 你 不 喜 欢 我 <em>了</em>？<span class="expl">"You don't like me anymore?"</span>
+
*我们 <strong>已经</strong> <em>没有</em> 钱 <em>了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen <strong>yǐjīng</strong> <em>méiyǒu</em> qián <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">We all don't have money anymore.</span>
−
* 我 已经 不 爱 你 <em>了</em>。
 
−
* 我 没 有 钱<em>了</em>。
 
−
* 没 有 酒 <em>了</em>。
 
−
* 我 没 有 工作 <em>了</em>。
 
−
* 不 想 去 <em>了</em>。
 
−
* 不 要 再 生气 <em>了</em>。
 
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
 +
 +
== See also ==
 +
 +
* [[Expressing "already" with "yijing"]]
 +
* [[Expressing "already" with just "le"]]
 +
* [[Change of state with "le"]]
 +
* [[Uses of "le"]]
 +
 +
== Sources and further reading ==
 +
 +
=== Books ===
 +
 +
* [[Basic Patterns of Chinese Grammar]] (p. 68) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1933330899/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399373&creativeASIN=1933330899 →buy]
 +
* [[Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second Edition]] (pp. 126-9) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0415372615/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=0415372615 →buy]
 +
* [[Mandarin Chinese: A Functional Reference Grammar]] (pp. 238-99) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0520066103?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=0520066103 →buy]
 +
* [[New Practical Chinese Reader 2 (新实用汉语课本2)]] (pp. 217-8) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/7561911297/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=7561911297 →buy]
 +
* [[New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3)]] (pp. 64-5) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/756191251X/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=756191251X →buy]
 +
* [[Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed)]] (p. 8) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276709/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=0887276709 →buy]
 +
*[[40 Lessons for Basic Chinese Course (基础汉语40课上册）]] (p. 239)[http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B001FTL8D8/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=B001FTL8D8&linkCode=as2&tag=allset-20 →buy]
 +
 +
=== Websites ===
 +
 +
* Chinesegrammar.info: [http://chinesegrammar.info/particles/le-grammar-summary/ Chinese le grammar summary (了)]
 +
 +
{{Basic Grammar|了|A2|不 / 没(有) + Verb Phrase + 了|我 <em>不</em> 想 吃 <em>了</em> 。|grammar point|ASGFR96B}}
 +
[[Category: A2 grammar points]]
 +
{{HSK|HSK1}}{{2021-HSK|HSK1}}
 +
{{Used for|Referring to changes of situation}}
 +
{{Similar|Uses of "le"}}
 +
{{POS|Particles}}

Latest revision as of 09:20, 20 April 2021

Chinese-grammar-wiki-le.jpg

In a negative sentence, the sentence-final 了 (le) can take on the meaning of "(not) anymore" or "no longer." The word 已经 (yǐjīng), which means "already," may nor may not accompany it.

不 with Only 了

Structure

不 + [Verb Phrase] + 了

Note that without the 了 this pattern is still correct, but then the resulting sentence would no longer indicate a change (which is the whole point of the word "anymore").

Examples

  • 我 不 想 吃 了 。Wǒ bù xiǎng chī le.I don't want to eat anymore.
  • 你 不 喜欢 我 了 吗？Nǐ bù xǐhuan wǒ le ma?You don't like me anymore?
  • 你们 不 能 打 了 。Nǐmen bù néng dǎ le.You can't fight anymore.

没有 with Only 了

Structure

没(有) + [Noun Phrase] + 了

Again, without the 了 this pattern is still correct, but then the resulting sentence would no longer indicate a change (which is the whole point of the word "anymore").

Examples

  • 没有 纸 了 。in other words, "we're out of paper"Méiyǒu zhǐ le.There's no paper anymore.
  • 手机 没 电 了 。Shǒujī méi diàn le.My cell phone has run out of power.
  • 他 没有 家 了。Tā méiyǒu jiā le.He doesn't have a home anymore.

Adding 已经 for Emphasis

Use of the word 已经 (yǐjīng) to mean "anymore" is optional for this pattern, but either 不 (bù) or 没有 (méiyǒu) will be needed to make the verb negative. The sentence-final 了 (le) is required, though, since 已经 is used.

Structure

已经 + 不 + [Verb Phrase] + 了

已经 + 没(有) + [Noun Phrase] + 了

Examples

  • 我 已经 不 住 这里 了 。Wǒ yǐjīng bù zhù zhèlǐ le.I don't live here anymore.
  • 他 已经 不 在 这儿 工作 了 。Tā yǐjīng bù zài zhèr gōngzuò le.He doesn't work here anymore.
  • 他们 已经 不 在 一起 了 。Tāmen yǐjīng bù zài yīqǐ le.They are no longer together.
  • 我们 已经 没有 钱 了 。Wǒmen yǐjīng méiyǒu qián le.We all don't have money anymore.

See also

Sources and further reading

Books

Websites

Retrieved from "https://resources.allsetlearning.com/gramwiki/?title=Expressing_%22not_anymore%22_with_%22le%22&oldid=48918"