Difference between revisions of "Complement "-huai le""
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{{Grammar Box}} | {{Grammar Box}} | ||
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| − | ==Structure== | + | The [[degree complement]] -坏了 (huài le) is a bit like the complement [[Negative adjectives with "-si le"|-死了]], and can be used to mean "extremely" in both a a positive and a negative sense. |
| + | |||
| + | == Structure == | ||
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| − | + | Adj. + 坏了 | |
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | + | As with many other grammar patterns, both adjectives and [[psychological verb]]s work in this pattern. | |
| + | |||
| + | == Examples == | ||
| − | + | In these examples, the state is negative or undesirable, so is a natural fit for -坏了. | |
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | * | + | *大家 都 <strong>累</strong> <em>坏了</em>。<span class="pinyin">Dàjiā dōu <strong>lèi</strong> <em>huài le</em>.</span><span class="trans">Everyone was dead-tired.</span> |
| − | * | + | *我 早饭 和 中饭 都 没 吃 ，<strong>饿</strong> <em>坏了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ zǎofàn hé zhōngfàn dōu méi chī, <strong>è</strong> <em>huài le</em>.</span><span class="trans">I didn't eat anything for breakfast or lunch. I'm starved to death.</span> |
| + | *发现 爸爸 又 去 赌钱 了 ，妈妈 <strong>气</strong> <em>坏了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Fāxiàn bàba yòu qù dǔqián le, māma <strong>qì</strong> <em>huài le</em>.</span><span class="trans">Discovering the father went gambling again, the mother was incensed.</span> | ||
| + | *孩子 不见 了 ，妈妈 <strong>急</strong> <em>坏了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Háizi bùjiàn le, māma <strong>jí</strong> <em>huài le</em>.</span><span class="trans">The child is missing. The mother is worried sick.</span> | ||
| + | *一个 男人 突然 拿出 一把枪 ，乘客们 都 <strong>吓</strong> <em>坏了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Yī gè nánrén tūrán ná chū yī bǎ qiāng, chéngkè men dōu <strong>xià</strong> <em>huài le</em>.</span><span class="trans">A man took out a gun all of a sudden and the passengers were scared senseless.</span> | ||
| + | *你 一晚上 没有 给 我 打 电话，我 <strong>担心</strong> <em>坏了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ yī wǎnshang méiyǒu gěi wǒ dǎ diànhuà, wǒ <strong>dānxīn</strong> <em>huài le</em>.</span><span class="trans">You haven't called me all night. I've been worried sick.</span> | ||
| + | *面试官 太 严肃 了，我 都要 <strong>紧张</strong> <em>坏了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Miànshì guān tài yánsù le, wǒ dōu yào <strong>jǐnzhāng</strong> <em>huài le</em>.</span><span class="trans">The interviewer was so serious. I was a nervous wreck.</span> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | + | It's also OK to use -坏了 with positive adjectives sometimes, similar to [[Negative adjectives with "-si le"|-死了]]. | |
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | * | + | |
| − | * | + | *听到 这个 好 消息 ，大家 都 <strong>高兴</strong> <em>坏了</em>。<span class="pinyin">Tīng dào zhège hǎo xiāoxī, dàjiā dōu <strong>gāoxìng</strong> <em>huài le</em>.</span><span class="trans">Everyone was thrilled to hear the good news.</span> |
| − | * | + | *这个 笑话 让 我们 都 <strong>乐</strong> <em>坏了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Zhège xiàohua ràng wǒmen dōu <strong>lè</strong> <em>huài le</em>.</span><span class="trans">We really got a kick out of this joke.</span> |
| + | *她 终于 买到 了 演唱会 的 门票，她 <strong>激动</strong> <em>坏了</em>。<span class="pinyin">Tā zhōngyú mǎi dào le yǎnchàng huì de ménpiào, tā <strong>jīdòng</strong> <em>huài le</em>.</span><span class="trans">She was ecstatic when she finally got tickets to the concert.</span> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
| − | ==See also== | + | == See also == |
| − | *[[ | + | |
| + | *[[Adjectives with "-ji le"]] | ||
*[[Negative adjectives with "-si le"]] | *[[Negative adjectives with "-si le"]] | ||
| − | *[[ | + | *[[Advanced degree complements]] |
| − | == Sources | + | == Sources and further reading == |
=== Books === | === Books === | ||
| − | + | {{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 4 (新实用汉语课本4)|104}} | |
[[Category: B2 grammar points]] | [[Category: B2 grammar points]] | ||
[[Category: Result complement]] | [[Category: Result complement]] | ||
| − | {{Basic Grammar|坏|B2|Verb + 坏了| | + | {{Basic Grammar|坏|B2|Verb + 坏了| <em>坏</em> 了。|grammar point|ASGT0GYL}} |
| − | {{Similar| | + | {{Similar|Adjectives with "-ji le"}} |
{{Similar|Negative adjectives with "-si le"}} | {{Similar|Negative adjectives with "-si le"}} | ||
| − | {{Similar| | + | {{Similar|Advanced degree complements}} |
{{Used for|Expressing result}} | {{Used for|Expressing result}} | ||
{{Structure|Complements}} | {{Structure|Complements}} | ||
Latest revision as of 02:48, 29 December 2020
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Keywords
The degree complement -坏了 (huài le) is a bit like the complement -死了, and can be used to mean "extremely" in both a a positive and a negative sense.
Structure
Adj. + 坏了
As with many other grammar patterns, both adjectives and psychological verbs work in this pattern.
Examples
In these examples, the state is negative or undesirable, so is a natural fit for -坏了.
- 大家 都 累 坏了。Everyone was dead-tired.
- 我 早饭 和 中饭 都 没 吃 ，饿 坏了 。I didn't eat anything for breakfast or lunch. I'm starved to death.
- 发现 爸爸 又 去 赌钱 了 ，妈妈 气 坏了 。Discovering the father went gambling again, the mother was incensed.
- 孩子 不见 了 ，妈妈 急 坏了 。The child is missing. The mother is worried sick.
- 一个 男人 突然 拿出 一把枪 ，乘客们 都 吓 坏了 。A man took out a gun all of a sudden and the passengers were scared senseless.
- 你 一晚上 没有 给 我 打 电话，我 担心 坏了 。You haven't called me all night. I've been worried sick.
- 面试官 太 严肃 了，我 都要 紧张 坏了 。The interviewer was so serious. I was a nervous wreck.
It's also OK to use -坏了 with positive adjectives sometimes, similar to -死了.
- 听到 这个 好 消息 ，大家 都 高兴 坏了。Everyone was thrilled to hear the good news.
- 这个 笑话 让 我们 都 乐 坏了 。We really got a kick out of this joke.
- 她 终于 买到 了 演唱会 的 门票，她 激动 坏了。She was ecstatic when she finally got tickets to the concert.
