Difference between revisions of "Change of state with "le""
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== Structure == | == Structure == | ||
| − | When used in this way, 了 is placed at the end of the sentence to mark that the whole statement describes a new situation. | + | When used in this way, 了(le) is placed at the end of the sentence to mark that the whole statement describes a new situation. |
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
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== See also == | == See also == | ||
| + | * [[Expressing "now" with "le"]] | ||
| + | * [[Expressing "already" with "le"]] | ||
| + | * [[Expressing "not anymore" with "le"]] | ||
* [[Uses of "le"]] | * [[Uses of "le"]] | ||
Revision as of 07:55, 20 February 2014
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Level
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Similar to
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Used for
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Keywords
- Also known as: 了2, change-of-state 了, sentence 了 and modal 了.
了 (le) has a lot of uses. You probably first learned 了 as a particle that tells you an action is completed, which is also known as 了1. This article is not about that use of 了; it's about indicating a change of state (了2). In other words, there is now a new situation, or there is about to be a new situation. This whole "change of state" idea can take numerous forms, so it's helpful to view them individually, alongside some English translations.
Structure
When used in this way, 了(le) is placed at the end of the sentence to mark that the whole statement describes a new situation.
[New Situation] + 了
Examples
Some examples:
- 我 会 说 中文 了。 (I couldn't before)I can speak Chinese now.
- 我 有 女朋友 了。 (I didn't have one before)I have a girlfriend now.
- 我 想 妈妈 了 。 (I didn't before now)I miss my mom now.
- 我 25 岁 了。 I'm 25 years old now.
See also
- Expressing "now" with "le"
- Expressing "already" with "le"
- Expressing "not anymore" with "le"
- Uses of "le"
Sources and further reading
Books
- Basic Patterns of Chinese Grammar (pp. 68) →buy
- Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second Edition (pp. 126-9) →buy
- Mandarin Chinese: A Functional Reference Grammar (pp. 238-99) →buy
- New Practical Chinese Reader 2 (新实用汉语课本2) (pp. 217-8) →buy
- New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3) (pp. 64-5) →buy
- Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed) (p. 8) →buy
- 40 Lessons for Basic Chinese Course (基础汉语40课上册） (p. 239)→buy
Websites
- East Asia Student: 了 grammar: four kinds of 了 in Mandarin
- Chinesegrammar.info: Chinese le grammar summary (了)
