Sentence-final interjection "a"

Level

A2 / HSK1
Level

A2
Level

HSK1
Similar to
Similar to
- Listing things with "a" (HSK5)
- Softening the tone of questions with "ne" (HSK5)
- Expressing the self-evident with "ma" (HSK6)
Used for

Exclaiming, Expressing attitude
Keywords

啊

The interjection 啊 (a) is often added to the end of sentences to add a tone of urgency, exclamation or excitement. However, the exact meaning often depends on context.

啊 expressing exclamation

When used like this, 啊 (a) is placed at the end of a statement and has a tone of exclamation, excitement or enthusiasm. (In a lot of cases, the only English "translation" you can offer is an exclamation point).

你好啊! Nǐhǎo a!Hey, how's it going!
对啊！ (Banging fist on table...)Duì a! You're right!
你的男朋友真帅啊！ (Upon seeing a picture of said boyfriend.)Nǐ de nánpéngyou zhēn shuài a! Your boyfriend's so handsome!
好啊，好啊！我去！Hǎo a, hǎo a! Wǒqù! OK, OK! I'll go!
这里好漂亮啊！ Zhèlǐ hǎo piàoliang a! This place is so pretty!
这个菜真好吃啊！ Zhè ge cài zhēn hǎochī a! This dish is really delicious!
哇，好香啊！什么东西？ Wā, hǎo xiāng a! Shénme dōngxī? Woah, it smells great! What is it?
没问题啊！我帮你。 Méi wèntí a! Wǒ bāng nǐ. No problem! I'll help you!
好吵啊！我们走吧。 Hǎo chǎo a! Wǒmen zǒu ba. So noisy! Let's leave.
学中文真难啊！ Xué Zhōngwén zhēn nán a! Learning Chinese is so hard!

啊 expressing certainty or urgency

啊 (a) can also add a sense of certainty or urgency to a statement, sometimes with the feeling of an order.

是啊，我也觉得！ Shì a, wǒ yě juéde! Definitely, I agree!
小心啊！ Xiǎoxīn a! Be careful!
快点啊！ Kuàidiǎn a! Quickly!
这个人真没礼貌啊！ Zhè ge rén zhēn méi lǐmào a! This person really has no manners!
不要忘了开会啊！ Bùyào wàng le kāihuì a! Don't forget to have the meeting!
我们都去啊！ Wǒmen dōu qù a! We're all going!
不知道啊！ Bù zhīdao a! I don't know!
可以啊！ Kěyǐ a! It's fine!
你吃啊！不要不好意思。 Nǐ chī a! Bùyào bùhǎoyìsi. Eat it! Don't be embarrassed.
天天加班，累啊！ Tiāntiān jiābān, lèi a! Working overtime every day is so tiring!

啊 used in questions

Finally, it can be used with questions, again with a sense of urgency or concern for the listener.

你走不走啊？ Nǐ zǒu bù zǒu a? Are you going or what?
你去哪儿啊？ Nǐ qù nǎr a? Where are you going?
你怎么样啊？ Nǐ zěnmeyàng a? So how have you been?
你是谁啊？ Nǐ shì shéi a? Who are you?
谁说的啊？ Shéi shuō de a? Who said so?
你怎么来这里啊？ Nǐ zěnme lái zhèlǐ a? What are you doing here?
你傻啊？ Nǐ shǎ a? What are you, stupid?
看什么啊？没见过漂亮姑娘啊？ Kàn shénme a? Méi jiàn guò piàoliang gūniang a? What are you looking at? Have you never seen a pretty girl before?
他们结婚了？真的啊？ Tāmen jiéhūn le? Zhēn de a? They got married? Seriously?
你真不知道啊？ Nǐ zhēn bù zhīdao a? You really don't know?

This is very similar to one of the usages of 呢 (ne), but has an added sense of urgency.

Sources and further reading

Books

A Practical Chinese Grammar For Foreigners (外国人实用汉语语法) (pp.142-3) →buy
Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2 (pp. 51-4) →buy