Advanced result complements "zhu", "kai", and "chulai"

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Verb Followed by 住

住 can be used to express a "coming to a halt".

Examples

  • 站住!你 不 能 走 !Stop! You can't go!
  • 抓住 那个 小偷 !Catch that thief!
  • 不 好意思,你 挡住 了 我 的 路 。Excuse me. You're standing in my way.
  • 前面 两 辆 大卡车 堵住 了 整 条 路 。The two trucks ahead are blocking the entire road.

住 can be used to express "undertaking an action firmly" or "tightly".

  • 大家 都 记 了 吗 ?Has everyone kept that in mind yet?
  • 你 必须 抓住 机会 。You must seize the opportunity tightly.
  • 看住 你 的 小狗,别 让 它 乱 跑。Keep an eye on your dog. Don't let him just run around.

Verb Followed by 开

开 (kāi) means "to open," but when used as a complement can mean different things with different verbs.

Examples

开 can be used literally to mean "open up" or "turn on":

  • 张开 嘴 。Open your mouth.
  • 打开 课本 。Please open your textbook.
  • 现在 请 你 睁开 眼睛 。Please open your eyes now.

开 can be used to express an action that is occurring in a direction away from the speaker. When used in this sense, 开 is generally used with verbs involving releasing, unfolding or spreading out:

  • 走开Go away!
  • 放开 我 !Let go of me!
  • 这个 新闻 很快 就 传开 了 。This news spread out very soon.

开 can be also used to express solving a problem or getting a weight off one's mind.

  • 看开 一点 ,生活 还是 要 继续 的 。You should look on the bright side. Life still goes on.
  • 这 件 事 他 一直 想 不 开He hasn't been able to get this off his mind.

Verb Followed by 出来

出(来) can be used figuratively to mean "nothing to coming into being" or "to come up with".

Examples

  • 你 能 想 出 什么 好 办法 ?What good ideas can you come up with?
  • 别 猜 了,你们 肯定 猜 不 出 我 的 新 男朋友 是 谁 。Stop guessing. There's no way for you to figure out who my new boy friend is.
  • 这些 数学 题 有点 难 ,我 花 了 一个 小时 才 做 出来These math problems are a little bit difficult. It took me an hour to work them out.
  • 一万 字 的 文章 我 写 不 出来I can't write a ten-thousand-word article.

跟感官动词搭配时,"出(来)"表示"to tell or to distinguish".

  • 她 肯定 是 北方人,我 能 听 出来She must be from the north. I can hear it.
  • 你 能 看 出来 我 多大 吗 ?Can you tell how old I am?
  • 菜 里面 有 味精 ,我 能 吃 出来Can you tell how old I am?
  • 这 个 东西 是 用 什么 做 的 ?你 能 摸 出来 吗 ?What's this thing made of? Can you feel it?
  • 你 抽烟 了 吧 ?别 骗 我 ,我 都 闻 出来 了 。Were you smoking? Don't lie to me because I can smell it.

Verb Followed by 上

考上、住上、吃上、开上

See also

Sources and further reading

Books

HSK5