Difference between revisions of "Expressing "and then" with "yushi""

 
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于是 is a conjunction used to express a continuation between two events. The second event is the direct result of the first event. You'll often hear 于是 used in storytelling.
  
于是 is a conjunction used to express a continuation between two events. The second event is the direct result of the first event. 
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== Structure ==
  
== Used as "thus" ==
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于是 is a conjunction that comes between two clauses. Its closest English equivalent would be "and then." Since 于是 can only be used to talk about the past, 了 is often used in the same sentence.
 
 
=== Structure ===
 
于是 is a conjunction that comes between two clauses. Its closest English equivalent would be "thus."
 
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
⋯⋯ ,于是 ⋯⋯
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⋯⋯ ,于是 ⋯⋯ + 了
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
*我考试没拿到满分,<em>于是</em> 被父母骂了一顿 。<span class="pinyin"> Wǒ kǎoshì méi ná dào mǎnfēn, yúshì bèi fùmǔ màle yī dùn.</span><span class="trans">I didn't get a full score on my test, so my parents yelled at me.</span>
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*我 看 大家 都 买 了 ,<em>于是</em> 我 也 买 <strong>了</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ kàn dàjiā dōu mǎi le, <em>yúshì</em> wǒ yě mǎi <strong>le</strong>.</span><span class="trans">I saw everyone was buying it. So then I bought it, too.</span>
* 弟弟迟到了,<em>于是</em> 只能站在后面看演唱会。<span class="pinyin">Dìdì chídàole, yúshì zhǐ néng zhàn zài hòumiàn kàn yǎnchàng huì.</span><span class="trans">My brother was late, he could only stand at the back of the concert.</span>
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*昨天 突然 下雨 了 ,<em>于是</em> 我们 取消 <strong>了</strong> 野餐 的 计划 。<span class="pinyin">Zuótiān tūrán xiàyǔ le, <em>yúshì</em> wǒmen qǔxiāo <strong>le</strong> yěcān de jìhuà.</span><span class="trans">It rained yesterday, so we cancelled the picnic.</span>
* 他那时候生病了,<em>于是</em> 我们只好改变原本的旅行计划。<span class="pinyin">Tā nà shíhòu shēngbìngle, yúshì wǒmen zhǐhǎo gǎibiàn yuánběn de lǚxíng jìhuà.</span><span class="trans">He was sick at the time, so we could only change our original vacation plans</span>
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*网站 上 的 票 已经 卖光 了 ,<em>于是</em> 我们 买 <strong>了</strong> 黄牛票 。<span class="pinyin">Wǎngzhàn shang de piào yǐjīng mài guāng le, <em>yúshì</em> wǒmen mǎi <strong>le</strong> huángniú piào.</span><span class="trans">The tickets on the website were all sold out. So then we bought tickets from scalpers.</span>
* 今天下雨了,<em>于是</em> 我们取消了野餐,把聚会换到餐厅了。<span class="pinyin">Jīntiān xià yǔle, yúshì wǒmen qǔxiāole yěcān, bǎ jùhuì huàn dào cāntīngle.</span><span class="trans">It rained today, so we cancelled the picnic and changed the gathering to a restaurant.</span>
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*他 的 英语 太差 了,<em>于是</em> ,他 妈妈 给 他 请 <strong>了</strong> 一个 英语 家教 。<span class="pinyin">Tā de Yīngyǔ tài chà le, <em>yúshì</em>, tā māma gěi tā qǐng <strong>le</strong> yī gè Yīngyǔ jiājiào.</span><span class="trans">His English was too terrible. So then his mother hired an English tutor for him.</span>
* 他今天忘记带手机了。<em>于是</em>,他·没有收到我们的短信。<span class="pinyin">Tā jīntiān wàngjì dài shǒujīle. Yúshì, tā·méiyǒu shōu dào wǒmen de duǎnxìn.</span><span class="trans">He forgot his cell phone today. So he didn't get our text messages .</span>
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*她 发现 男朋友 已经 结婚 了 。<em>于是</em> ,她 马上 跟 他 分手 <strong>了</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Tā fāxiàn nánpéngyou yǐjīng jiéhūn le. <em>Yúshì</em>, tā mǎshàng gēn tā fēnshǒu <strong>le</strong>.</span><span class="trans">She found out that her boyfriend was already married. So she immediately broke up with him.</span>
  
== 因此 vs. 于是==
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</div>
While they may seem very similar, 因此 is not quite the same as 于是. When using 因此, it acts as a conjunction that expresses the cause and effect. Because of the reasons in clause one, clause two reaches this result or conclusion.  
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== 于是 Used with 就 ==
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于是 is often used with 就 to emphasize that the actions or events that come after 就 are immediately after the first event.
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<div class="liju">
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*电影 太 暴力 了 ,我们 实在 看 不 下去 了 ,<em>于是</em> <strong>就</strong> 走 <strong>了</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Diànyǐng tài bàolì le, wǒmen shízài kàn bu xiàqù le, <em>yúshì</em> <strong>jiù</strong> zǒu <strong>le</strong>.</span><span class="trans">This movie was so violent, we couldn't bear watching it anymore. So then we left.</span>
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*他 实在 太 懒 了 ,<em>于是</em> 老板 <strong>就</strong> 把 他 辞 <strong>了</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Tā shízài tài lǎn le, <em>yúshì</em> lǎobǎn <strong>jiù</strong> bǎ tā cí <strong>le</strong>.</span><span class="trans">He was way too lazy, so the boss just let him go.</span>
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*我 很 喜欢 这个 手机 ,<em>于是</em> <strong>就</strong> 买 下来 <strong>了</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ hěn xǐhuan zhè ge shǒujī, <em>yúshì</em> <strong>jiù</strong> mǎi xiàlai <strong>le</strong>.</span><span class="trans">I really like this cell phone, so I just bought it.</span>
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*那个 学生 学习 不 认真,<em>于是</em> <strong>就</strong> 被 他的 妈妈 骂 <strong>了</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Nàge xuéshēng xuéxí bù rènzhēn, <em>yúshì</em> <strong>jiù</strong> bèi tā de māma mà <strong>le</strong>.</span><span class="trans">That student didn't study seriously, so he was scolded by his mother.</span>
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* 刚刚 跟 朋友 聊到 了 旅行 , 于是 两 个 人 就 打开 了 话匣子 , 聊 了 起来 。 <span class="pinyin">Gānggāng gēn péngyou liáo dào le lǚxíng, yúshì liǎng gè rén jiù dǎkāi le huàxiázi, liáo le qǐlai.</span><span class="trans">While chatting they had just gotten to the topic of travel, and then the two of them really got going, talking non-stop.</span>
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</div>
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== 因此 vs. 于是 ==
 +
 
 +
While they may seem very similar, 因此 is not quite the same as 于是. When using 因此, it acts as a conjunction that expresses the cause and effect. Because of the reasons in clause one, clause two reaches this result or conclusion.
 +
 
 +
*因此 emphasizes a cause and effect relationship. 于是 emphasizes that the first event is closely followed by the second event.
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*于是 can only be used to recount events that happened in the past.
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*因此 is more formal and mostly used in writing. 于是 is more commonly used when speaking.
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<div class="liju">
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<ul>
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<li class="x">他 经常 随便 开玩笑 ,<em>于是</em> ,大家 都 不 喜欢 跟 他 说话 。<span class="pinyin">Tā jīngcháng suíbiàn kāiwánxiào, <em>yúshì</em>, dàjiā dōu bù xǐhuan gēn tā shuōhuà.</span></li>
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<li class="o">他 经常 随便 开玩笑 ,<em>因此</em> ,大家 都 不 喜欢 跟 他 说话 。<span class="pinyin">Tā jīngcháng suíbiàn kāiwánxiào, <em>yīncǐ</em>, dàjiā dōu bù xǐhuan gēn tā shuōhuà.</span><span class="trans">He often makes jokes recklessly. Therefore, people doesn't like to talk to him.</span></li>
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</div>
  
== See also ==
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In the incorrect sentence above, it is not two sequential events that happened in the past, so 于是 is not appropriate. In the correct sentence, there is a clear cause-effect relationship, so 因此 is used.
  
 
== Sources and further reading ==
 
== Sources and further reading ==
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=== Books ===
 
=== Books ===
  
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{{Source|HSK Standard Course 4下|49}}
 
{{Source|现代汉语虚词手册|326}}
 
{{Source|现代汉语虚词手册|326}}
 
{{Source|现代汉语八百词(增订本)|636}}
 
{{Source|现代汉语八百词(增订本)|636}}
 
{{Source|对外汉语教学语法释疑201例|362}}
 
{{Source|对外汉语教学语法释疑201例|362}}
  
[[Category: ]]
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[[Category: B2 grammar points]]
{{Basic Grammar|}}
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{{HSK|HSK4}}
{{Used for|}}
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{{Basic Grammar|于是|B2|⋯⋯ ,于是 ⋯⋯|他 实在 太 懒 了 ,<em>于是</em> 老板 把 他 辞 了 。|grammar point|ASG4FB55}}
{{Used for|}}
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{{Rel char|于}}
{{Similar|}}
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{{Rel char|是}}
{{POS|Conjunction}}
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{{Used for|Expressing result}}
{{Subprop|}}
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{{Used for|Indicating cause and effect}}
{{Translation|}}
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{{Used for|Sequencing events in time}}
{{Translation|}}
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{{Similar|Expressing "therefore" with "yinci"}}
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{{POS|Conjunctions}}
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{{Translation|and then}}
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{{Translation|then}}
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{{Translation|so}}

Latest revision as of 07:46, 14 January 2021

Chinese-grammar-wiki-shi.jpg

于是 is a conjunction used to express a continuation between two events. The second event is the direct result of the first event. You'll often hear 于是 used in storytelling.

Structure

于是 is a conjunction that comes between two clauses. Its closest English equivalent would be "and then." Since 于是 can only be used to talk about the past, 了 is often used in the same sentence.

⋯⋯ ,于是 ⋯⋯ + 了

Examples

  • 我 看 大家 都 买 了 ,于是 我 也 买 Wǒ kàn dàjiā dōu mǎi le, yúshì wǒ yě mǎi le.I saw everyone was buying it. So then I bought it, too.
  • 昨天 突然 下雨 了 ,于是 我们 取消 野餐 的 计划 。Zuótiān tūrán xiàyǔ le, yúshì wǒmen qǔxiāo le yěcān de jìhuà.It rained yesterday, so we cancelled the picnic.
  • 网站 上 的 票 已经 卖光 了 ,于是 我们 买 黄牛票 。Wǎngzhàn shang de piào yǐjīng mài guāng le, yúshì wǒmen mǎi le huángniú piào.The tickets on the website were all sold out. So then we bought tickets from scalpers.
  • 他 的 英语 太差 了,于是 ,他 妈妈 给 他 请 一个 英语 家教 。Tā de Yīngyǔ tài chà le, yúshì, tā māma gěi tā qǐng le yī gè Yīngyǔ jiājiào.His English was too terrible. So then his mother hired an English tutor for him.
  • 她 发现 男朋友 已经 结婚 了 。于是 ,她 马上 跟 他 分手 Tā fāxiàn nánpéngyou yǐjīng jiéhūn le. Yúshì, tā mǎshàng gēn tā fēnshǒu le.She found out that her boyfriend was already married. So she immediately broke up with him.

于是 Used with 就

于是 is often used with 就 to emphasize that the actions or events that come after 就 are immediately after the first event.

  • 电影 太 暴力 了 ,我们 实在 看 不 下去 了 ,于是 Diànyǐng tài bàolì le, wǒmen shízài kàn bu xiàqù le, yúshì jiù zǒu le.This movie was so violent, we couldn't bear watching it anymore. So then we left.
  • 他 实在 太 懒 了 ,于是 老板 把 他 辞 Tā shízài tài lǎn le, yúshì lǎobǎn jiù bǎ tā cí le.He was way too lazy, so the boss just let him go.
  • 我 很 喜欢 这个 手机 ,于是 买 下来 Wǒ hěn xǐhuan zhè ge shǒujī, yúshì jiù mǎi xiàlai le.I really like this cell phone, so I just bought it.
  • 那个 学生 学习 不 认真,于是 被 他的 妈妈 骂 Nàge xuéshēng xuéxí bù rènzhēn, yúshì jiù bèi tā de māma mà le.That student didn't study seriously, so he was scolded by his mother.
  • 刚刚 跟 朋友 聊到 了 旅行 , 于是 两 个 人 就 打开 了 话匣子 , 聊 了 起来 。 Gānggāng gēn péngyou liáo dào le lǚxíng, yúshì liǎng gè rén jiù dǎkāi le huàxiázi, liáo le qǐlai.While chatting they had just gotten to the topic of travel, and then the two of them really got going, talking non-stop.

因此 vs. 于是

While they may seem very similar, 因此 is not quite the same as 于是. When using 因此, it acts as a conjunction that expresses the cause and effect. Because of the reasons in clause one, clause two reaches this result or conclusion.

  • 因此 emphasizes a cause and effect relationship. 于是 emphasizes that the first event is closely followed by the second event.
  • 于是 can only be used to recount events that happened in the past.
  • 因此 is more formal and mostly used in writing. 于是 is more commonly used when speaking.
  • 他 经常 随便 开玩笑 ,于是 ,大家 都 不 喜欢 跟 他 说话 。Tā jīngcháng suíbiàn kāiwánxiào, yúshì, dàjiā dōu bù xǐhuan gēn tā shuōhuà.
  • 他 经常 随便 开玩笑 ,因此 ,大家 都 不 喜欢 跟 他 说话 。Tā jīngcháng suíbiàn kāiwánxiào, yīncǐ, dàjiā dōu bù xǐhuan gēn tā shuōhuà.He often makes jokes recklessly. Therefore, people doesn't like to talk to him.

In the incorrect sentence above, it is not two sequential events that happened in the past, so 于是 is not appropriate. In the correct sentence, there is a clear cause-effect relationship, so 因此 is used.

Sources and further reading

Books