Difference between revisions of "Expressing "if... then..." with "ruguo... jiu...""
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*<em>如果</em> 他 知道 ，<strong>那</strong> 他 一 定 会 告诉 我 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Rúguǒ</em> tā zhīdào, <strong>nà</strong> tā yīdìng huì gàosu wǒ.</span><span class="trans">If he knew, he would definitely tell me.</span> | *<em>如果</em> 他 知道 ，<strong>那</strong> 他 一 定 会 告诉 我 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Rúguǒ</em> tā zhīdào, <strong>nà</strong> tā yīdìng huì gàosu wǒ.</span><span class="trans">If he knew, he would definitely tell me.</span> | ||
*<em>如果</em> 大家 都 不 感兴趣 ，<strong>那</strong> 我 不 说 了。<span class="pinyin"><em>Rúguǒ</em> dàjiā dōu bù gǎn xìngqù, <strong>nà</strong> wǒ bù shuō le.</span><span class="trans">If none of you are interested, I will stop talking.</span> | *<em>如果</em> 大家 都 不 感兴趣 ，<strong>那</strong> 我 不 说 了。<span class="pinyin"><em>Rúguǒ</em> dàjiā dōu bù gǎn xìngqù, <strong>nà</strong> wǒ bù shuō le.</span><span class="trans">If none of you are interested, I will stop talking.</span> | ||
| − | *<em>如果</em> 你们 真的 想 合作 ，<strong>那么</strong> 我们 应该 找 时间 好好 谈谈 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Rúguǒ</em> nǐmen zhēnde xiǎng hézuò, <strong>nàme</strong> wǒmen yīnggāi zhǎo shíjian | + | *<em>如果</em> 你们 真的 想 合作 ，<strong>那么</strong> 我们 应该 找 时间 好好 谈谈 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Rúguǒ</em> nǐmen zhēnde xiǎng hézuò, <strong>nàme</strong> wǒmen yīnggāi zhǎo shíjian hǎohǎo tántan.</span><span class="trans">If you really want to work with us, then we should schedule a day to discuss it.</span> |
*<em>如果</em> 能 找到 投资 ，<strong>那</strong> 下个月 就 可以 开始 做 了 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Rúguǒ</em> néng zhǎodào tóuzī, <strong>nà</strong> xià gè yuè jiù kěyǐ kāishǐ zuò le.</span><span class="trans">If we can find the investment, we'll be able to get on it next month.</span> | *<em>如果</em> 能 找到 投资 ，<strong>那</strong> 下个月 就 可以 开始 做 了 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Rúguǒ</em> néng zhǎodào tóuzī, <strong>nà</strong> xià gè yuè jiù kěyǐ kāishǐ zuò le.</span><span class="trans">If we can find the investment, we'll be able to get on it next month.</span> | ||
*<em>如果</em> 你 想 申请 ，<strong>那么</strong> 现在 就 要 开始 准备 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Rúguǒ</em> nǐ xiǎng shēnqǐng, <strong>nàme</strong> xiànzài jiù yào kāishǐ zhǔnbèi.</span><span class="trans">If you want to apply, you need to start to prepare right away.</span> | *<em>如果</em> 你 想 申请 ，<strong>那么</strong> 现在 就 要 开始 准备 。<span class="pinyin"><em>Rúguǒ</em> nǐ xiǎng shēnqǐng, <strong>nàme</strong> xiànzài jiù yào kāishǐ zhǔnbèi.</span><span class="trans">If you want to apply, you need to start to prepare right away.</span> | ||
Revision as of 03:29, 9 October 2018
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Level
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Similar to
- Expressing "then" with "jiu" (A2)
- Events in quick succession with "yi... jiu..." (B1)
- Expressing "as one likes" with "jiu" (B1)
- Expressing "if" with "ruguo... dehua" (B1)
- Conditions with "yao" and "jiu" (B2)
- Expressing "if… then…" with "jiaru" (B2)
- Expressing "if… then…" with "yaoshi" (B2)
- Expressing "once...then..." with "yidan...jiu..." (B2)
- Expressing "only if" with "zhiyou" (B2)
- Marking a topic with "de hua" (B2)
- Expressing "if… then…" with "jiashi" (C1)
- Use "tangruo" to express "if" (C1)
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Used for
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Keywords
One of the benefits of Chinese is that the grammar is often very logical and concise. In this article, we look at the 如果 ⋯⋯，就⋯⋯ (rúguǒ..., jiù...) two-part structure.
Contents
Standard Pattern
Structure
如果⋯⋯，就⋯⋯ is an often-used pattern that is utilized in the same way that "If…, then…" is in English.
如果 ⋯⋯ ，就 ⋯⋯
Examples
- 如果 有 困难 ，就 给 我 打 电话 。 If there is any difficulty, give me a call.
- 如果 你 输 了 ，就 给 我 一 百 块 。If you lose, you need to give me 100 kuai.
- 如果 真的 找 不 回来 ，就 再 买 一 个 吧 。If you can't find it, then buy a new one.
- 如果 他 再 来 ，我们 就 报警 。If he keeps showing up, we'll call the police.
- 如果 你们 已经 不 相爱 了 ，就 分手 吧 。If you no longer love each other, just break up.
Fuller Pattern
Sometimes 那么 (nàme) is used instead of 就 (jiù), imparting a more relaxed, informal feel to the sentence. Sometimes just 那 (nà) will be used instead of 那么 (nàme).
Structure
如果 ⋯⋯ ，那么 / 那 ⋯⋯
Examples
- 如果 他 知道 ，那 他 一 定 会 告诉 我 。If he knew, he would definitely tell me.
- 如果 大家 都 不 感兴趣 ，那 我 不 说 了。If none of you are interested, I will stop talking.
- 如果 你们 真的 想 合作 ，那么 我们 应该 找 时间 好好 谈谈 。If you really want to work with us, then we should schedule a day to discuss it.
- 如果 能 找到 投资 ，那 下个月 就 可以 开始 做 了 。If we can find the investment, we'll be able to get on it next month.
- 如果 你 想 申请 ，那么 现在 就 要 开始 准备 。If you want to apply, you need to start to prepare right away.
Adding in 的话
This article is focused on the two-part "if... then..." pattern 如果⋯⋯，就⋯⋯. But it's also possible to take the first half and make it into a "sandwich pattern" using 如果……的话.
See also
- "If… then…" with "yaoshi"
- "If… then…" with "jiaru"
- The "if" sandwich pattern using "ruguo... dehua"
- "Only if" with "zhiyou"
Sources and further reading
Books
- Common Chinese Patterns 330 (汉语常用格式330例) (pp. 184) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- New Practical Chinese Reader 2 (新实用汉语课本2) (pp. 240) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
